Immunologic Effects and a Structural "Countermarketing" Intervention: Racism, the

免疫效应和结构性“反营销”干预：种族主义

• 批准号: 7853512
• 负责人: Naa Oyo A Kwate
• 金额: $ 30.44万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7853512
• 关键词: Address; Advertising; Affect; African American; American; Attention; Behavioral Research; Biological; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chronic Disease; Conscious; Enrollment; Health; Health behavior; Hypothalamic structure; Immune; Immunologics; Individual; Inequality; Intervention; Investigation; Life; Malignant Neoplasms; Mental Health; Metabolic; Neighborhoods; New York City; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Pathway interactions; Play; Process; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Social Impacts; Stress; System; Testing; Urban Health; Well in self; abstracting; base; brain behavior; experience; health disparity; immune function; novel; physical conditioning; public health relevance; racism; stressor

DESCRIPTION (Provided by the applicant) Abstract: The overall aims of this project are to explore the effects of multiple levels of racism on the immune function, and overall health of urban African Americans, and to test a novel structural-level intervention to reduce the negative impact of racism. Significant disparities in major chronic illnesses continue to describe the current picture of health for African Americans, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and overweight/obesity. Researchers have long understood stress to play a critical role in negative health outcomes, and particular attention has been paid to the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenocortical (HPA) axis as a key pathway. Because experiences with racism constitute a significant stressor in the lives of African Americans, understanding the ways in which racism activates the axis will have profound meaning in addressing the determinants of African American health disparities. More broadly, given the role of the HPA axis in many systems, the proposed research has the potential to uncover critical information on the impact of social processes on overall physical and mental health, and to delineate unstudied paths in brain-behavior relationships. In two sub-studies, the proposed research will enroll urban African Americans from New York City in longitudinal investigations. Study 1 is an investigation of how neighborhood-level institutional racism and perceived individual and collective racism affect immune and metabolic function and overall physical health, psychological well-being, and health behaviors. Study 2 is neighborhood-level intervention to minimize the likelihood of internalized racism, vis-¿vis a racism "countermarketing" campaign. Outdoor advertising will be employed to deliver stark facts about American inequality in predominantly African American neighborhoods, thereby raising consciousness and minimizing negative health outcomes. Taken together, the proposed research attempts to answer two critical unanswered questions in biomedical and behavioral research: 1) How does racism get into the body?; and 2) What do we do about it? Public Health Relevance: Although racism is well known to be a significant life stressor for African Americans, no research has studied the effects racism has on critical biological pathways, such as immune function. Additionally, although other negative effects of racism have been documented, no study has yet created a broad-based intervention to counter the stress of racism on African American lives. The proposed study will do both, which could have a major impact on the reduction of African American health disparities.

描述（由申请人提供） 摘要：该项目的总体目标是探索多层次的种族主义对城市非裔美国人的免疫功能和整体健康的影响，并测试一种新颖的结构层面的干预措施，以减少种族主义的负面影响。主要慢性疾病继续描述非裔美国人当前的健康状况，包括心血管疾病、癌症和超重/肥胖，研究人员长期以来一直认为压力在负面健康结果中发挥着关键作用，并且特别关注压力。下丘脑-垂体肾上腺皮质（HPA）轴是一个关键通路，因为种族主义经历构成了非裔美国人生活中的一个重要压力源，因此了解种族主义激活该轴的方式对于解决非裔美国人健康差异的决定因素具有深远的意义。更广泛地说，鉴于 HPA 轴在许多系统中的作用，拟议的研究有可能揭示有关社会过程对整体身心健康影响的关键信息，并描绘出未研究的路径。在两项子研究中，拟议的研究将招募来自纽约市的城市非裔美国人进行纵向调查。研究 1 是一项关于社区层面的制度种族主义以及感知到的个人和集体种族主义如何影响免疫和代谢功能的调查。研究 2 是社区层面的干预措施，旨在最大限度地减少内在种族主义的可能性。针对种族主义“反营销”运动，户外广告将用于传达有关美国在非裔美国人为主的社区中的不平等的鲜明事实，从而提高人们的意识并最大限度地减少负面健康后果。 综上所述，拟议的研究工作旨在回答生物医学中两个尚未解答的关键问题。和行为研究：1）种族主义如何进入身体？；2）我们该怎么办？ 公共健康相关性：尽管众所周知，种族主义是非裔美国人的一个重大生活压力源，但没有研究研究种族主义对免疫功能等关键生物途径的影响，尽管已经记录了种族主义的其他负面影响，但没有研究。这项研究尚未建立一种基础广泛的干预措施来应对种族主义对非裔美国人生活的压力。拟议的研究将两者兼而有之，这可能对减少非裔美国人的健康差距产生重大影响。