Development and Translational Assesment of a Tongue-Based Assistive Neuro-Technol

基于舌头的辅助神经技术的开发和转化评估

• 批准号: 7836653
• 负责人: Maysam Ghovanloo
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7836653
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Accidents; Algorithms; American; Area; Arizona; Assisted Living Facilities; Benefits and Risks; Brain; Breathing; Caregivers; Caring; Categories; Chicago; Collaborations; Computers; Controlled Environment; Deglutition; Dermatology; Development; Devices; Doctor of Philosophy; Electric Stimulation; Employment; Employment Opportunities; Environment; Evaluation; Exertion; Family member; Feedback; Fingers; Focus Groups; Freedom; Future; Glues; Hand; Health; Healthcare; Home environment; Human; Individual; Institutes; Lead; Left; Lentils - dietary; Limb structure; Living Costs; Local Area Networks; Location; Magnetism; Manufacturer Name; Modification; Motion; Motor; Motor output; Movement; Muscle; Oral; Oral cavity; Paralysed; Participant; Performance; Physiology; Population; Positioning Attribute; Postdoctoral Fellow; Powered wheelchair; Privacy; Procedures; Process; Prosthesis; Provider; Quadriplegia; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Research Personnel; Robotics; Safety; Self-Help Devices; Series; Services; Speech; Spinal cord injury; Students; System; Technology; Time; Tongue; Tooth structure; Touch sensation; Tracer; Training; Training and Education; Translating; Universities; Violence; Wheelchairs; Wireless Technology; abstracting; base; computerized data processing; cost; design; disability; ergonomics; implantation; improved; magnetic field; minimally invasive; motor control; nervous system disorder; neuroregulation; novel; preclinical evaluation; prototype; restraint; sensor; skills; technology development; tongue root; usability; user centered design; volunteer

DESCRIPTION (provided by the applicant): Research Area: Developing and validating assistive neuro-technologies: 06-NS-104 Abstract/summary: Development and Translational Assessment of a Tongue-Based Assistive Neuro-Technology (ANT) for Individuals with Severe Neurological Disorders More than two million Americans suffer from paralysis as a result of accidents, acts of violence, and neurological diseases. For instance, 11,000 cases of severe spinal cord injury (SCI) add every year to a population of a quarter of a million. Sadly, 55% of the SCI victims are between 16 and 30 years old, who will need lifelong special care services that currently cost about $4 billion each year. About half of these individuals are tetraplegics, who find it extremely difficult to carry out everyday tasks without continuous help. Assistive Neuro-Technologies (ANT) help these individuals communicate their intentions and effectively control their environments, easing the need for receiving continuous help, thus reducing the burden on family members, and lowering healthcare and assisted-living costs. A new ANT, called the Tongue Drive System (TDS), enables individuals with severe disability access their environment with nothing but their tongue motion. The human tongue is inherently capable of sophisticated control and manipulation tasks with many degrees of freedom. It can move rapidly and accurately within the mouth such that the tip can touch every single tooth. The direct connection between the brain and the tongue generally allows it to escape damage even in severe SCIs. Unlike the brain, the tongue is accessible, and its location inside the mouth affords a degree of privacy. TDS consists of a magnetic tracer, the size of a lentil, attached to the tongue by gluing, implantation, or piercing. The tracer generates a magnetic field inside and around the mouth that is detected by an array of magnetic sensors mounted on a wireless headset. Tongue-movement-induced changes in the magnetic field are sent wirelessly to an ultra-mobile computer or smartphone, carried by the user, which processes and translates every tongue motion to a particular user-defined function. Once an individual with disability is "enabled" to access a computing device, he/she can nearly do everything that an able-bodied individual can do with that device. This includes communicating, education, training, entertainment, and controlling other devices such as powered wheelchairs (PWC), assistive robotic manipulators, and other home/office appliances on a local area network (LAN). Even the individual's own natural or prosthetic limbs can be manipulated to move by functional electrical stimulation (FES). This project is intended to refine and enhance the TDS technology, including its evaluation by the ultimate intended users, individuals with severe disabilities, who are the best experts for indicating the benefits and possible shortcomings of any new ANT. It also explores speech-based tongue movements as an intuitive way of acquiring skills in using this novel ANT. These efforts should help make the Tongue Drive System viable for more general use. Research Area: Developing and validating assistive neuro-technologies: 06-NS-104 Health Relevance: Development and Translational Assessment of a Tongue-Based Assistive Neuro- Technology (ANT) for Individuals with Severe Neurological Disorders Tongue Drive System (TDS) is an assistive neuro-technology, which allows completely paralyzed users utilize their tongue motion to access computers and control wheelchairs. We further develop TDS and evaluate it by individuals with severe disabilities.

描述（由申请人提供）：研究领域：开发和验证辅助神经技术：06-NS-104 摘要/摘要：针对患有严重神经疾病的个体的基于舌头的辅助神经技术（ANT）的开发和转化评估超过两百万美国人因事故、暴力行为和神经系统疾病而瘫痪。例如，每年新增 11,000 例严重脊髓损伤 (SCI) 病例，使人口达到 25 万。遗憾的是，55% 的 SCI 受害者年龄在 16 岁至 30 岁之间，他们需要终身特殊护理服务，目前每年的费用约为 40 亿美元。这些人中约有一半是四肢瘫痪者，他们发现如果没有持续的帮助，他们很难完成日常任务。辅助神经技术（ANT）帮助这些人传达他们的意图并有效地控制他们的环境，减轻对持续帮助的需求，从而减轻家庭成员的负担，并降低医疗保健和辅助生活成本。一种新的 ANT，称为舌头驱动系统 (TDS)，使患有严重残疾的人只需要舌头运动即可进入他们的环境。人类的舌头本质上能够执行具有多种自由度的复杂控制和操纵任务。它可以在口腔内快速准确地移动，以便尖端可以接触到每一颗牙齿。大脑和舌头之间的直接连接通常使其即使在严重的脊髓损伤中也能逃脱损伤。与大脑不同，舌头是可以接触到的，而且它位于口腔内，提供了一定程度的隐私。 TDS 由扁豆大小的磁性示踪剂组成，通过粘合、植入或刺穿的方式附着在舌头上。示踪剂在口腔内部和周围产生磁场，该磁场由安装在无线耳机上的磁性传感器阵列检测到。舌头运动引起的磁场变化被无线发送到用户携带的超级移动计算机或智能手机，该计算机或智能手机处理每个舌头运动并将其转换为特定的用户定义功能。一旦残疾人“能够”访问计算设备，他/她几乎可以做健全人可以使用该设备做的所有事情。这包括通信、教育、培训、娱乐和控制其他设备，例如电动轮椅 (PWC)、辅助机器人操纵器以及局域网 (LAN) 上的其他家庭/办公设备。甚至个人自己的自然肢体或假肢也可以通过功能性电刺激（FES）来操纵移动。该项目旨在完善和增强 TDS 技术，包括由最终目标用户（严重残疾的个人）对其进行评估，他们是表明任何新 ANT 的优点和可能的缺点的最佳专家。它还探讨了基于语音的舌头运动作为获取使用这种新颖的 ANT 技能的直观方式。这些努力应该有助于使舌头驱动系统能够更广泛地使用。研究领域：开发和验证辅助神经技术：06-NS-104 健康相关性：针对患有严重神经疾病的个体的基于舌头的辅助神经技术 (ANT) 的开发和转化评估 舌头驱动系统 (TDS) 是一种辅助工具神经技术，允许完全瘫痪的用户利用他们的舌头运动来访问计算机和控制轮椅。我们进一步开发 TDS 并由严重残障人士对其进行评估。