Elucidating the Biological Differences Between Distinct Fibrillar and Non-Fibrillar Alpha-Synuclein Inclusions in Human Stem-Cell Models
阐明人类干细胞模型中不同纤维状和非纤维状 α-突触核蛋白内含物之间的生物学差异
基本信息
- 批准号:10622480
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 78.99万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2020
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2020-07-01 至 2025-04-30
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AffectAffinityAlzheimer&aposs DiseaseAlzheimer&aposs disease related dementiaAmyloidAmyloid beta-ProteinAmyloid fibersAutopsyBiochemicalBiologicalBrainCell LineCell modelCellsCeramidesCharacteristicsCircular Dichroism SpectroscopyDataDementia with Lewy BodiesDevelopmentDiffuseDiseaseDisparateElectron MicroscopyEquationFluorescenceFutureGenetic studyGlucosylceramidesGoalsGrantHeterozygoteHomeostasisHumanHuman GeneticsImageImmunofluorescence MicroscopyImpaired cognitionIn VitroInduced pluripotent stem cell derived neuronsInterventionKnock-inKnock-outLeadLesionLewy BodiesLewy body pathologyLipidsMembraneMembrane LipidsMembrane ProteinsModelingMorphologyMultiple System AtrophyMutationNerve DegenerationNeurogliaNeuronsNuclear Magnetic ResonanceOligodendrogliaParkinson&aposs DementiaPathogenicityPathologyPathway interactionsPatientsPatternPeriodicityPhosphorylationPhysiologicalProteinsProteolysisReporterSaturated Fatty AcidsSeriesSideSphingolipidsStearoyl-CoA DesaturaseSynaptic VesiclesSystemTestingToxic effectTransgenic MiceTransgenic OrganismsVesicleWorkalpha synucleinamyloid fibril formationamyloid formationbrain cellbrain tissuecell typecerebral atrophyconformerdopaminergic neuronexperimental studygenetic manipulationglucosylceramidasehuman stem cellsin vitro Assayin vivoinduced pluripotent stem cellinterestkindredmimeticsmisfolded proteinmouse modelpharmacologicpre-formed fibrilprotein aggregationserial imagingstem cell modelsynucleinopathytau Proteinstau-1traffickingvalidation studies
项目摘要
Summary
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and AD related dementias (ADRD) are unpreventable, incurable and remain poorly
understood. Their hallmark pathology consists of misfolded proteins in characteristic “inclusions” within subsets
of neurons and glial cells of the brain. Misfolding of the membrane-associated protein α-synuclein (αS) is central
to ADRD. Inclusions rich in αS in cortical and dopaminergic (DA) neurons are the hallmark lesions of dementia
with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson disease with dementia (PDD). But αS inclusions are also found in >50%
of AD cases, correlating with cognitive decline and frequently colocalizing with tau pathology. αS pathology is
strikingly heterogeneous and poorly understood. Common αS pathology comprises vesicle-rich “pale bodies”
(PBs), amyloid-rich Lewy bodies (LBs), or combinations of these. PBs have indeed been discussed as
precursors of LBs, but what gives rise to PBs and how they may convert into LBs remains enigmatic. The
ultrastructural features of PBs and LBs parallel enormous interest in the field in both amyloid and vesicle-
trafficking pathologies in PD. In experimental settings, the seeding of neurons with pre-formed fibrils leads to LB-
like amyloid aggregates. These aggregates can under certain conditions spread and self-template in adjacent
cells. Different amyloid fiber conformers (“strains”) lead to different patterns of neurodegeneration, with differing
levels of phosphorylated αS and tau. Human genetic studies have repeatedly implicated perturbed vesicle
trafficking and (membrane) lipid homeostasis as a fundamental and unifying feature in disparate forms of ADRD.
We hypothesize that altered cellular, and especially lipid, microenvironments can trigger αS amyloid formation
and the development of different strains and pathologies. An increasing body of evidence, including work from
our groups, indeed suggests that αS toxicity and aggregation can be modulated by altering cellular fatty acid
(FA) saturation or sphingolipid (SL) composition through manipulation of glucocerebrosidase (GBA) and stearoyl-
coA desaturase (SCD), respectively. We propose to dissect the influence of these pathways on PB and LB
formation and transition in the most disease-relevant patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)
models. Importantly, we will employ patient brain-derived “seed” as the most relevant trigger for neuronal αS
aggregation. The use of both patient-specific cell types and misfolded protein conformers will allow us to capture
“in the dish” both sides of the toxic equation in neurodegeneration. We recognize the importance, but also the
limitations, of postmortem end-stage pathology in delineating disease mechanisms, and propose to establish
cross-correlation between in vitro assays, human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) models and postmortem
brain tissue. We will focus on iPSCs derived from patients with familial and sporadic synucleinopathies that are
matched to postmortem brain, including cases with concomitant levels of AD (β-amyloid and tau) pathology. Our
approaches not only promise to shed light on the formation and consequences of amyloid strains in ADRD, but
will also point at potential interventions centered around the transient interaction of αS with lipid membranes.
概括
阿尔茨海默氏病 (AD) 和 AD 相关痴呆 (ADRD) 无法预防、无法治愈,而且病情仍很糟糕
他们的标志性病理学由亚群内特征性“内含物”中的错误折叠蛋白质组成。
大脑的神经元和胶质细胞。膜相关蛋白 α-突触核蛋白 (αS) 的错误折叠是核心。
皮质和多巴胺能 (DA) 神经元中富含 αS 的包涵体是痴呆症的标志性病变。
路易体 (DLB) 和帕金森病痴呆 (PDD) 但 αS 内含物也存在于 >50% 的患者中。
AD 病例中,与认知能力下降相关并且经常与 αS 病理学共存。
常见的 αS 病理学包括富含囊泡的“苍白体”,其异质性惊人且知之甚少。
(PB)、富含淀粉样蛋白的路易体 (LB) 或这些的组合确实已被讨论为。
LB 的前体,但 PB 的产生以及它们如何转化为 LB 仍然是个谜。
PB 和 LB 的超微结构特征与淀粉样蛋白和囊泡领域的巨大兴趣相似。
在实验环境中,用预先形成的原纤维播种神经元会导致 LB-
像淀粉样蛋白聚集体一样,这些聚集体在某些条件下可以在相邻的区域中扩散和自我模板化。
不同的淀粉样蛋白纤维构象异构体(“菌株”)会导致不同的神经变性模式,并具有不同的特征。
人类遗传学研究多次表明囊泡的磷酸化水平受到干扰。
运输和(膜)脂质稳态是不同形式的 ADRD 的基本和统一特征。
我们发现改变细胞,尤其是脂质微环境可以触发 αS 淀粉样蛋白的形成
以及不同菌株和病理学的发展。越来越多的证据,包括来自的工作
我们的团队确实表明可以通过改变细胞脂肪酸来调节 αS 毒性和聚集
通过操纵葡萄糖脑苷脂酶 (GBA) 和硬脂酰- (FA) 饱和度或鞘脂 (SL) 组合物
我们建议分别剖析这些途径对 PB 和 LB 的影响。
与疾病最相关的患者来源的诱导多能干细胞 (iPSC) 的形成和转变
重要的是,我们将采用患者大脑来源的“种子”作为神经 αS 最相关的触发器。
使用患者特异性细胞类型和错误折叠的蛋白质构象异构体将使我们能够捕获。
我们认识到神经退行性变中毒性方程式的“在盘子里”的重要性,但也认识到它的重要性。
死后终末期病理学在描述疾病机制方面的局限性,并建议建立
体外测定、人类诱导多能干细胞 (iPSC) 模型和尸检之间的互相关
我们将重点关注来自家族性和散发性突触核蛋白病患者的 iPSC。
与死后大脑相匹配,包括伴有 AD(β-淀粉样蛋白和 tau)病理水平的病例。
这些方法不仅有望揭示 ADRD 中淀粉样蛋白菌株的形成和后果,而且
还将指出围绕 αS 与脂质膜的瞬时相互作用的潜在干预措施。
项目成果
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Vikram Khurana其他文献
Vikram Khurana的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Vikram Khurana', 18)}}的其他基金
Investigating physiologic and pathophysiologic connections between the Parkinson's disease protein alpha-synuclein and RNA binding proteins
研究帕金森病蛋白 α-突触核蛋白和 RNA 结合蛋白之间的生理和病理生理联系
- 批准号:
10744556 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 78.99万 - 项目类别:
Elucidating the biological differences between distinct fibrillar and non-fibrillar alpha-synuclein inclusions in human stem-cell models
阐明人类干细胞模型中不同纤维状和非纤维状 α-突触核蛋白内含物之间的生物学差异
- 批准号:
10206276 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 78.99万 - 项目类别:
Elucidating the biological differences between distinct fibrillar and non-fibrillar alpha-synuclein inclusions in human stem-cell models
阐明人类干细胞模型中不同纤维状和非纤维状 α-突触核蛋白内含物之间的生物学差异
- 批准号:
10401873 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 78.99万 - 项目类别:
Elucidating the biological differences between distinct fibrillar and non-fibrillar alpha-synuclein inclusions in human stem-cell models
阐明人类干细胞模型中不同纤维状和非纤维状 α-突触核蛋白内含物之间的生物学差异
- 批准号:
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- 资助金额:
$ 78.99万 - 项目类别:
Elucidating the biological differences between distinct fibrillar and non-fibrillar alpha-synuclein inclusions in human stem-cell models
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