Promoting health by understanding risk and protective factors for substance use among Latino youth in rural and small town communities in the United States

通过了解美国农村和小镇社区拉丁裔青年物质使用的风险和保护因素来促进健康

基本信息

批准号：
10754695
负责人：
Katarina Guttmannova
金额：
$ 10.88万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-08-01 至 2024-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Abstract The demographic composition of small towns and rural communities in the U.S. has changed dramatically, in part because of the large in-migration of Latino families. For communities to support the health of their members, they must be able to reinforce factors that promote positive youth development (protective factors) and abate factors that hinder it (risk factors). However, much of what is known about risk and resilience comes from research on urban communities. There has been little longitudinal research on Latinos growing up in the rural U.S., and none with sufficient data to understand the etiology of substance use (SU), patterns of health disparities in SU, and factors influencing their health and wellbeing as young adults. We know little about the intersectionality of Latino ethnicity, immigrant status, and rural context and how these relate to the developmental mechanisms of health disparities. This knowledge gap limits prevention and intervention services, as the prevention science paradigm depends on accurately identifying risk and protective factors (RPFs) and developing prevention programs targeting these factors to reduce problem behaviors. The present application capitalizes on existing rich longitudinal data spanning childhood through early adulthood to examine influences on health and well-being of rural Latino youth. Using this existing data, we will examine health disparities in substance use and associated RPFs (a) between 3rd-generation rural Latino and non-Latino White youth, and (b) among rural Latino youth who are 1st-, 2nd- or 3rd-generation immigrants (i.e., children of immigrant or U.S.-born parents). In the supplemental analyses used for triangulation and validation, we will use national cross-sectional data and examine differences in the association between RPFs and alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, and other drug use for Latino youth by the type of residence (rural vs. small and large metro areas) at the historical time points and age ranges corresponding to the longitudinal study. Findings will provide rigorous scientific evidence regarding risk and protective processes for Latino youth in rural areas of the U.S. that may lead to prevention efforts to reduce health disparities in substance use and other health risk behaviors in young adulthood, and potentially reduce disparities in serious illness later in the life course.

抽象的美国小城镇和农村社区的人口构成发生了巨大变化，部分原因是拉丁裔家庭大量移民。让社区支持他们的健康成员，他们必须能够强化促进青年积极发展的因素（保护性因素）并减少阻碍它的因素（风险因素）。然而，关于风险和复原力的大部分知识都来自于来自对城市社区的研究。关于在美国成长的拉丁裔人的纵向研究很少美国农村地区，没有足够的数据来了解物质使用 (SU) 的病因学、健康模式 SU 的差异，以及影响他们作为年轻人的健康和福祉的因素。我们对此知之甚少拉丁裔种族、移民身份和农村背景的交叉性以及这些与健康差异的发展机制。这种知识差距限制了预防和干预服务，因为预防科学范式取决于准确识别风险和保护因素（RPF）并制定针对这些因素的预防计划，以减少问题行为。现在的应用程序利用从童年到成年早期的现有丰富纵向数据来检查对农村拉丁裔青年的健康和福祉的影响。使用现有数据，我们将检查健康状况第三代农村拉丁裔和非拉丁裔在物质使用和相关 RPF 方面的差异 (a) 白人青年，以及 (b) 第一代、第二代或第三代移民的农村拉丁裔青年（即移民或美国出生的父母）。在用于三角测量和验证的补充分析中，我们将使用国家横截面数据并研究 RPF 与酒精、烟草、按居住类型划分的拉丁裔青年的大麻和其他药物使用情况（农村与小型和大型都市区）在纵向研究对应的历史时间点和年龄范围。调查结果将提供关于美国农村地区拉丁裔青年的风险和保护程序的严格科学证据这可能会导致预防工作，以减少药物使用和其他健康风险行为方面的健康差异在成年早期，并有可能减少生命历程后期严重疾病的差异。