Corticofugal contributions to auditory perceptual learning

皮质对听觉感知学习的贡献

• 批准号: 10749249
• 负责人: Rose Ying
• 金额: $ 3.75万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10749249
• 关键词: Ablation; Adult; Anatomy; Animal Model; Animals; Apoptosis; Area; Area Under Curve; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Auditory area; Behavior; Behavioral; Calcium; Cells; Child; Clinical; Communication; Complex; Comprehension; Control Groups; Cues; Detection; Development; Devices; Discrimination; Electrodes; Electrophysiology (science); Familiarity; Fiber; Geniculate body structure; Human; Impairment; Individual; Inferior Colliculus; Injections; Language Development; Learning; Maintenance; Measures; Medial; Mediating; Monitor; Morphologic artifacts; Movement; Music; Neurons; Pathway interactions; Patients; Perceptual learning; Performance; Photometry; Play; Population; Positioning Attribute; Presbycusis; Process; Production; Psychometrics; Role; Sensory; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Speech; Stimulus; Testing; Time; Training; Viral; auditory discrimination; auditory pathway; auditory stimulus; cell type; design; experimental group; experimental study; extracellular; fluorophore; hearing impairment; improved; in vivo; neural; neural circuit; normal hearing; presynaptic; prevent; response; sensor; sensory stimulus; skills; sound; speech recognition; vector

PROJECT SUMMARY Practice can improve the detection or discrimination of auditory stimuli. This process, called perceptual learning, facilitates language acquisition and the development of musical skills, and improves speech understanding in the hearing-impaired. Previous studies have highlighted the importance of the auditory cortex in auditory perceptual learning, but we lack a complete understanding of the neural circuit mechanisms involved. Corticofugal projections from the auditory cortex to subcortical auditory regions comprise a massive descending pathway. This pathway integrates non-sensory inputs, which are essential to perceptual learning, with sensory information and sharpens neural responses to relevant stimuli in subcortical auditory regions. Inactivation of this corticofugal pathway also impairs learning in sensory tasks with difficult, near-threshold stimuli. Taken together, the existing evidence suggests that corticofugal projections are well-positioned to play an important role in perceptual learning. The core hypothesis of this proposal is that perceptual training strengthens corticofugal modulation of activity in the ascending auditory pathway, leading to gradual enhancements in signal detection that underlie perceptual learning. Aim 1 will use in vivo electrophysiology in freely-moving, behaving animals to determine whether there are learning-related changes in neural activity in subcortical auditory regions. Aim 2 will investigate whether corticofugal projections are necessary for the acquisition and/or maintenance of training-induced improvements in perceptual sensitivity. Aim 3 will use projection-specific fiber photometry recordings to assess if the activity of corticofugal neurons correlates with behavioral improvements during perceptual learning. The findings from the proposed experiments will shed light on the neural circuits underlying auditory perceptual learning and may ultimately inform strategies to improve auditory perception in clinical populations.

项目概要 练习可以提高听觉刺激的检测或辨别能力。这个过程，称为知觉 学习，促进语言习得和音乐技能的发展，并提高言语能力 听障人士的理解能力。先前的研究强调了听觉皮层的重要性 在听觉感知学习中，但我们对所涉及的神经回路机制缺乏完整的了解。 从听觉皮层到皮质下听觉区域的皮质投射包括大量的下降 途径。该途径将感知学习所必需的非感官输入与感官输入结合起来。 信息并增强皮质下听觉区域对相关刺激的神经反应。将此功能失活 离皮质通路也会损害困难的、接近阈值的刺激的感觉任务的学习。综合起来， 现有证据表明，皮质投射在以下方面发挥着重要作用： 感性学习。该提案的核心假设是感知训练强化了 上行听觉通路活动的皮质调节，导致逐渐增强 感知学习基础的信号检测。目标 1 将在自由移动、 通过动物行为来确定皮层下神经活动是否存在与学习相关的变化 听觉区域。目标 2 将调查皮质投射对于获取和/或 维持训练引起的知觉敏感性的改善。目标 3 将使用投影专用光纤 光度测量记录来评估皮质神经元的活动是否与行为改善相关 在感性学习过程中。拟议实验的结果将揭示神经回路 潜在的听觉感知学习，并可能最终为改善听觉感知的策略提供信息 临床人群。