Anticipating ethical challenges and disparities in the dissemination of novel neurotechnologies

预测新型神经技术传播中的伦理挑战和差异

基本信息

批准号：
10612461
负责人：
Winston Chiong
金额：
$ 43.62万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-07-10 至 2025-04-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10612461
关键词：
Address Adoption Affect Attention Attitude BRAIN initiative Brain Brain Diseases COVID-19 pandemic Caring Clinic Clinical Collaborations Communities Complex Consensus Consent Democracy Development Devices Disparity Ensure Epilepsy Equity Ethics Ethnic Origin Ethnography FDA approved Funding Future Goals Health Promotion Housing Implant Information Dissemination Institution Institutional Racism International Internet Intervention Interview Investments Justice Leadership Methods Mind Mission Neurology Neurosciences Participant Pathway interactions Patient Care Patients Persons Population Privacy Psychiatry Public Health Race Recording of previous events Religion Reporting Research Research Methodology Research Personnel Risk Role Sampling Science Social Problems Social Sciences Socioeconomic Status Specialized Center Surveys Techniques Technology Underserved Population United States National Institutes of Health Universities Victimization Work brain based community engaged research community engagement comparative compliance behavior disability ethnic disparity family burden geographic disparity health equity improved individual patient innovation insight member neglect neural implant neuroethics neuropsychiatric disorder neuropsychiatry neuroregulation neurotechnology new technology novel novel strategies novel therapeutics prospective racial disparity recruit science and society side effect social socioeconomic disparity tool

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT A central goal for the second half of the BRAIN Initiative is to develop new circuit-based treatments for brain diseases. However, improving care for neuropsychiatric illness will require not only discovering interventions, but also ensuring that research products meet patients’ needs and are accessible to underserved groups. While neuroethics to date has largely examined individualistic concerns (such as privacy, consent and identity), this application uses closed-loop neuromodulation as a circuit-based treatment paradigm for examining neuroethical challenges at a societal level such as equity/access and the democratization of research methods. To address challenging topics including socioeconomic, racial/ethnic, and geographic disparities will require special expertise in rigorous social science and in community engagement, to include perspectives missing in academic neuroethical discourse. Applying principles of community-engaged research, a Community Advisory Board will be recruited to meet quarterly with project leaders and advise on preliminary findings, research methods and the dissemination of results. Nationwide collaborations have been developed to facilitate research pursuing three specific aims: 1) Compare ethical concerns about novel neurotechnology among diverse groups; 2) Examine practice and patient factors in access to closed-loop neuromodulation in varied clinical settings; and 3) Investigate ethical and practical challenges in reducing barriers to closed-loop neuromodulation research. Aim 1 will address the views of prospective patients/users about neurotechnology in a nationally-representative sample with a focus on underserved groups. Aim 2 will examine the clinic setting via comparative ethnographic research in epilepsy centers using NeuroPace RNS treatment, which is currently the only FDA-approved and commercially available closed-loop brain implant, and therefore can be used to anticipate broader challenges in psychiatry and neurology with future applications of closed-loop approaches. Aim 3 will utilize a novel opportunity for studying ethical concerns in research through a new NIH-funded international collaboration to disseminate expertise and best practices in closed-loop neuromodulation. The approach is innovative, in the applicants’ view, addressing societal-level neuroethical concerns with advanced social scientific and community engagement methods not widely applied in neuroethics. The proposed research is significant because it addresses considerations of equity and democratization that are critical to future neurotechnology and neuroscience. Ultimately, this work will broaden the scope of normative issues addressed in neuroethics, such as distributive justice and tensions in broadening research. In neurotechnology, the work will contribute to fuller engagement with ethical challenges in the adoption of new techniques and the early integration of neuroethics in efforts to lower research barriers.

项目概要/摘要 BRAIN Initiative 下半年的中心目标是开发新的基于回路的治疗方法然而，改善神经精神疾病的护理不仅需要发现。干预措施，但也要确保研究产品满足患者的需求并且可供使用迄今为止，神经伦理学主要研究了个人主义问题（例如隐私、同意和身份），该应用程序使用闭环神经调节作为基于电路的用于检查社会层面神经伦理挑战的治疗范式，例如公平/机会和研究方法的民主化解决具有挑战性的主题，包括社会经济、种族/族裔和地理差异将需要严格的社会科学和社区参与，包括学术神经伦理学话语中缺失的观点。社区参与研究的原则，将招募一个社区咨询委员会来满足每季度与项目负责人会面，并就初步发现、研究方法和已开展全国范围内的合作以促进研究工作。三个具体目标：1）比较不同群体对新型神经技术的伦理担忧； 2) 检查不同临床中获得闭环神经调节的实践和患者因素环境；3) 调查减少闭环障碍的道德和实际挑战目标 1 将讨论潜在患者/用户对神经调节研究的看法。目标 2 将在全国代表性样本中使用神经技术，重点关注服务不足的群体。使用 NeuroPace 通过癫痫中心的比较人种学研究检查临床环境 RNS治疗，这是目前唯一获得FDA批准并可商业化的闭环脑治疗植入物，因此可用于预测精神病学和神经病学中更广泛的挑战闭环方法的未来应用将利用一个新的机会来研究伦理。通过美国国立卫生研究院 (NIH) 资助的一项新的国际合作来传播专业知识和申请人认为，该方法具有创新性，利用先进的社会科学和社区解决社会层面的神经伦理问题参与方法在神经伦理学中尚未广泛应用，因此这项研究具有重要意义。解决对未来神经技术至关重要的公平和民主化考虑最终，这项工作将扩大神经科学中解决的规范问题的范围。神经伦理学，例如分配正义和扩大神经技术研究中的张力。工作将有助于更充分地应对采用新技术和新方法过程中的道德挑战早期将神经伦理学纳入努力降低研究障碍。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（2）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Guidelines for Conducting Ethical Artificial Intelligence Research in Neurology: A Systematic Approach for Clinicians and Researchers.

在神经病学中进行道德人工智能研究指南：临床医生和研究人员的系统方法。

DOI：
发表时间：
2021-09-28
期刊：
影响因子：
9.9
作者：
Chiang, Sharon;Picard, Rosalind W;Chiong, Winston;Moss, Robert;Worrell, Gregory A;Rao, Vikram R;Goldenholz, Daniel M
通讯作者：
Goldenholz, Daniel M

Ethical considerations in rapid and novel treatments in psychiatry.

精神病学快速和新颖治疗的伦理考虑。