Early life environment and later life dementia, cognition, neuropathology, and reserve

早期生活环境和晚年痴呆、认知、神经病理学和储备

• 批准号: 9109337
• 负责人: Sarah Elizabeth Tom
• 金额: $ 12.07万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-15 至 2021-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9109337
• 关键词: 5 year old; Adult; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Asia; Autopsy; Baltimore; Brain; Brain Pathology; Buffers; Clergy; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Coupled; Data; Data Set; Dementia; Demography; Development; Diagnosis; Disadvantaged; Elderly; Environment; Epidemiology; Faculty; Family; Foundations; Future; Goals; Hawaii; Head; Health; Height; Illinois; Image; Individual; Japanese American; Knee; Lead; Leadership; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Life Experience; Life Style; Link; Longevity; Maryland; Measures; Memory; Neurofibrillary Tangles; Neurological outcome; Nutritional Support; Outcome; Pacific Northwest; Participant; Pathology; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Postdoctoral Fellow; Religion and Spirituality; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Risk; Sampling; Senile Plaques; Social Environment; Socioeconomic Status; Testing; Universities; Work; base; clinical Diagnosis; cognitive function; cognitive performance; cognitive reserve; cognitive testing; early life exposure; experience; male; member; middle age; neuroimaging; neuropathology; news; population based; relating to nervous system; resilience; skills; social; social inequality; social integration; socioeconomics; study population

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cognitive reserve refers to the ability to buffer against brain pathology, including types commonly found post mortem in the brains of people diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease (e.g., amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles). I hypothesize that reserve is a key reason why some older adults have normal cognitive function despite the presence of neuropathology. Recently, researchers have begun to empirically investigate reserve as the discrepancy between neuropathology and brain function, as measured with cognitive tests. Studies have found a relationship between a disadvantaged early life environment and later life clinical dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. However, it is not known if an advantaged early life is related to greater later life reserve or lower levels of neuropathology itself. As brain development is particularly accelerated through age 5 years, early life could be a sensitive period for cognitive reserve. I propose to use four unique datasets that contain information on early life social environment, later life cognitive tests, and autopsy-based neuropathology measures from geographically diverse study populations: the Adult Changes in Thought Study, the Honolulu Asia Aging Study, the Religious Orders Study, and the Rush Memory and Aging Project. I test the hypotheses that an advantaged early life environment, independently of and synergistically with adult social advantage, is related to greater later life cognitive reserve, even in the presence of significant neuropathology. I will be able to test also whether early life environment is related to actual levels of cognition and neuropathology. My background in demography and epidemiology, including 3 years as a postdoctoral fellow and 5 years as a junior faculty member, prepares me to lead these projects, under the guidance of a team that reflects the leadership of the proposed studies, local experts in neuropathology and epidemiology at the University of Maryland, Baltimore, a local expert in the analysis of cognitive measures, and a leading expert in the integration of social and life course epidemiology. The proposed training and research experiences in this project will be integral in building a foundation in the analysis of cognitive outcomes and resilience to dementia, and enhancing the experience of my existing skills in life course and aging epidemiology that will allow me to lead future projects at the intersection of these fields.

 描述（由适用提供）：认知储备是指缓冲脑病理学的能力，包括通常在被诊断出患有阿尔茨海默氏病的人的大脑中发现的类型（例如，淀粉样蛋白斑块和神经纤维纤维缠结）。我假设储备是尽管存在神经病理学，但一些老年人具有正常认知功能的关键原因。最近，研究人员已经开始将储备作为神经病理学和大脑功能之间的差异，通过认知测试来衡量。研究发现，早期生活环境和晚期临床痴呆症（包括阿尔茨海默氏病和相关痴呆症）之间存在关系。但是，尚不清楚有利的早期生活是否与更大的较晚储备或神经病理学水平较低有关。随着大脑发育尤其加速到5岁，早期生活可能是认知储备的敏感时期。我建议使用四个独特的数据集，这些数据集包含有关早期生活社会环境，后期的认知测试以及基于尸检的神经病理学测量的信息：成人思想研究中的成人变化，檀香山亚洲衰老研究，宗教秩序研究，宗教秩序研究以及紧急记忆和老化项目。我检验了一个假设，即在成人社会优势上独立于成人社会优势，即使在存在重要的神经病理学的情况下，有利的早期生活环境与成人的社会优势无关。我将能够测试早期生活环境是否与实际认知和神经病理学水平有关。我在人口统计学和流行病学方面的背景，包括作为博士后研究员的3年和初级教职员工的5年背景，在一个团队的指导下，我准备领导这些项目。流行病学。该项目中提出的培训和研究经验将是在分析认知结果和对痴呆症的韧性方面建立基础的组成部分，并增强我现有的生活课程和衰老流行病学的经验，这将使我能够在这些领域的交叉点领导未来的项目。