Neural mechanisms underlying social recognition of reward

奖励社会认可的神经机制

基本信息

批准号：
8990990
负责人：
MATTHEW R ROESCH
金额：
$ 18.38万
依托单位：
UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-01-01 至 2017-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8990990
关键词：
Acquaintances Address Affect Affective Animals Autistic Disorder Behavior Behavioral Boxing Brain region Child Cues Data Decision Making Development Diagnostic Disease Dopamine Electrodes Emotional Emotions Empathy Frustration Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Health Human Intervention Jealousy Lead Learning Light Lighting Mental disorders Midbrain structure Modeling National Institute of Mental Health Neural Pathways Neurobiology Neurons Neurotransmitters Outcome Output Process Psychological reinforcement Public Health Rattus Research Rewards Rodent Role Scanning Side Signal Transduction Social Environment Structure Techniques Testing Training Ventral Striatum Work Workplace base clinically relevant design dopamine system dopaminergic neuron effective therapy experience improved innovation insight interest mental state negative affect neural correlate neuromechanism novel optogenetics programs psychopathic personality relating to nervous system research study response social social situation theories tool

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recognizing receipt of reward in others guides our daily behavior. For example, children that observe classmates receive reinforcement for good behavior recognize the benefits of such actions. In the work place, observation of colleagues receiving a promotion lets us know that our work has potential payoff. These are all positive associations that alter our own behavior based on receipt of reward in others. It is unknown what brain regions represent this information. One likely candidate is the dopamine (DA) system. We know that DA is released in ventral striatum (VS) when reward is unexpectedly delivered and is critical for reinforcement learning. It might also be critical for recognizing rewards delivered to others, yet this hypothesis has never been tested. Here, in AIM 1, we ask if subsecond DA release is elevated in rats when reward is delivered to a conspecific. However, social observation of reward does not always lead to positive affect. For example, observing your colleague get promoted or receive a bonus instead of you, might lead to jealousy, frustration, and other negative affective states. This "emotion" must reflect a discrepancy between the reward that you expect for yourself and what you actually received. Such signals are referred to as negative prediction errors and are encoded by midbrain DA neurons. It is unknown if this signal is modulated by observation of reward delivered to others. Here, in AIM 2, we will ask if subsecond DA release related to negative predictions errors are modulated by conspecific reward. These are not just interesting questions that would advance our basic understanding of the DA system, but they are clinically relevant because the ability to recognize reward in a conspecific is disrupted in several psychiatric disorders (e.g., autism, psychopathy). To date, we know very little about the neurobiological substrates that control these functions because detailed work in animals at the single-unit and neurotransmitter level has not yet occurred. Here we propose a first step to addressing this issue. We will record subsecond DA release using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) in VS, while rats observe reward delivery to a conspecific in cases when they do or do not expect reward for themselves. We will examine differences between cagemates and non-cagemates because 'empathy' studies have suggested that cagemates are more adept at recognizing social cues compared to rats that are unacquainted. If successful, these studies will lead to a host of experiments that would test observational learning and underlying circuits, but as a first step, we must determine if DA signals are necessary and sufficient for behavioral output.

描述（由申请人提供）：认识到其他人的奖励指导我们的日常行为。例如，观察同学的儿童获得良好行为的加强，认识到这种行动的好处。在工作场所，观察获得晋升的同事，让我们知道我们的工作有潜在的回报。这些都是积极的关联，它们会根据他人收到奖励而改变我们自己的行为。尚不清楚哪些大脑区域代表此信息。一种可能的候选者是多巴胺（DA）系统。我们知道，当奖励出乎意料地交付时，DA是在腹侧纹状体（VS）中发布的，对于强化学习至关重要。这对于认识到给他人的奖励也可能至关重要，但是这一假设从未得到检验。在这里，在AIM 1中，我们询问当奖励交付给同种时，大鼠中的次股权释放是否升高。但是，对奖励的社会观察并不总是会带来积极的影响。例如，观察您的同事被提升或获得奖金而不是您，可能会导致嫉妒，沮丧和其他负面的情感状态。这种“情感”必须反映出您期望的奖励与您实际收到的收益之间的差异。此类信号称为负预测错误，并由中脑DA神经元编码。未知该信号是否是通过观察给他人传递的奖励来调节的。在这里，在AIM 2中，我们将询问是否与负面预测错误相关的次数释放是否由特定奖励调节。这些不仅是有趣的问题，它可以提高我们对DA系统的基本理解，而且在临床上是相关的，因为在多种精神病患者中识别奖励的能力会破坏多种精神病（例如自闭症，精神病）。迄今为止，我们对控制这些功能的神经生物学底物知之甚少，因为尚未发生单个单位和神经递质水平的动物中的详细工作。在这里，我们提出了解决此问题的第一步。我们将使用VS中的快速循环伏安法（FSCV）记录次秒DA释放，而大鼠则在他们做或不希望自己的奖励的情况下观察到奖励交付给同种。我们将研究Cagemates和非竞争者之间的差异，因为“移情”研究表明，与未经认识的大鼠相比，Cagemates更擅长识别社会提示。如果成功的话，这些研究将导致一系列可以测试观察性学习和基本电路的实验，但是作为第一步，我们必须确定DA信号是否是必要的，并且足以实现行为输出。