Synaptic Processing in the Olfactory System

嗅觉系统中的突触处理

基本信息

批准号：
9176438
负责人：
JEFFRY S ISAACSON
金额：
$ 45.65万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-08-01 至 2021-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9176438
关键词：
Address Animals Autistic Disorder Brain Brain region Cells Chronic Code Cognition Disorders Cues D Cells Electrophysiology (science)Equilibrium Event Feedback Flavoring Functional disorder Goals Head Human Image In Vitro Interneurons Knowledge Learning Mammals Mediating Memory Mus Neurons Neurosciences Odors Olfactory Cortex Olfactory Learning Olfactory Pathways Optics Output Parvalbumins Perception Play Population Process Property Pyramidal Cells Quality of life Research Resolution Rodent Role Schizophrenia Sensory Sensory Process Shapes Site Slice Smell Perception Somatostatin Synapses Synaptic Transmission System Techniques Time Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Wakefulness Work abstracting awake base calcium indicator cell type classical conditioning conditioned fear excitatory neuron experience extracellular in vivo in vivo imaging information processing inhibitory neuron neural circuit neuronal circuitry olfactory bulb olfactory bulb glomeruli operation optical imaging optogenetics piriform cortex presynaptic programs relating to nervous system research study response sensory stimulus two-photon

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract In humans, the sense of smell contributes significantly to our quality of life. Odors are strong cues for evoking memories of past events and olfaction plays an important role in our perception of flavor. However, the mechanisms underlying the processing and encoding of olfactory information in the brain are not clear. To address this question, we study the properties of neuronal circuits formed by excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the rodent olfactory bulb, a site where olfactory information is initially encoded in the brain. We also examine the properties of circuits in the primary olfactory (piriform) cortex, the next major level at which olfactory information is processed. Our long term goal is to understand how neural circuits ultimately give rise to sensory perception The experiments proposed employ optical and electrophysiological techniques to determine the response properties of identified neuronal populations in both the olfactory bulbs and cortex. Specific Aim 1 proposes the use of chronic, in vivo two-photon recording of activity from identified principal cells and inhibitory interneurons in the olfactory bulb of awake, head-fixed mice. We will use this approach to determine how associative learning modifies odor representations in behaving mice. We hypothesize that local interneurons play an important role in learning-related changes in olfactory bulb activity. Specific Aim 2 proposes to investigate how particular subtypes of GABAergic inhibitory interneurons modulate odor coding in piriform cortex. We combine optogenetics, brain slice and in vivo electrophysiological recordings to reveal the operations by which distinct interneuron classes govern odor-evoked activity of cortical principal cells.Together, these experiments will show how local inhibitory interneurons in the olfactory bulb and cortex regulate sensory information processing in the brain.

项目摘要/摘要在人类中，嗅觉对我们的生活质量产生了重大贡献。气味是唤起过去事件和嗅觉记忆的强大线索在我们的风味的感知。但是，处理和编码的基础机制大脑中的嗅觉信息尚不清楚。为了解决这个问题，我们研究属性啮齿动物嗅球中由兴奋性和抑制性神经元形成的神经元回路的最初在大脑中编码嗅觉信息的地方。我们还检查了主要嗅觉（梨状）皮层中的电路，这是嗅觉信息的下一个主要水平已处理。我们的长期目标是了解神经回路最终如何引起感官感知提出的实验采用光学和电生理技术来确定两个嗅球中鉴定出的神经元种群的响应特性和皮质。特定目的1提出使用活动的慢性体内两光子记录来自已识别的主要细胞和抑制性中间神经元在嗅球中，头部固定老鼠。我们将使用这种方法来确定关联学习如何修饰气味行为小鼠的表征。我们假设本地中间神经元起着重要作用在与学习相关的嗅球活性的变化中。特定目标2提议调查如何 GABA能抑制性神经元的特定亚型调节梨状皮层中的气味编码。我们结合了光遗传学，脑切片和体内电生理记录，以揭示独特的中间类别类别的操作由皮质主管的气味诱发活性结合细胞，这些实验将显示嗅球中的局部抑制性神经元如何皮层调节大脑中的感觉信息处理。