Dynamic sensory representations in adult auditory cortex

成人听觉皮层的动态感觉表征

• 批准号: 9404442
• 负责人: JEFFRY S ISAACSON
• 金额: $ 47.38万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9404442
• 关键词: Accelerometer; Acoustics; Address; Adult; Affect; Animals; Attention; Auditory; Auditory area; Auditory system; Autistic Disorder; Awareness; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain region; Cells; Chronic; Code; Cognition Disorders; Communication; Development; Electrophysiology (science); Environment; Felis catus; Functional disorder; Head; Hearing; Image; Individual; Interneurons; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Mammals; Mediating; Methods; Mus; Music; Neurons; Neurosciences; Optics; Perception; Physiological; Play; Population; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Primates; Property; Quality of life; Research; Resolution; Rodent; Role; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Specificity; Stimulus; Techniques; Time; auditory processing; awake; base; calcium indicator; cell type; critical developmental period; experience; experimental study; extracellular; flexibility; habituation; in vivo; information processing; insight; neuronal circuitry; optogenetics; relating to nervous system; response; sensory cortex; sound; two-photon

Project Summary/Abstract The sense of hearing contributes significantly to our quality of life. Indeed, the auditory system plays a fundamental role in our awareness of our local environment, communication, and our ability to enjoy music. However, the mechanisms underlying the processing and encoding of sensory information in the brain are not clear. To address this question, we study the properties of neuronal circuits in the auditory cortex, a higher brain region important for sound perception. The long-term objective of our research is to understand how the interplay of different types of excitatory and inhibitory circuits regulate sensory information processing in the brain. The experiments proposed employ optical recording techniques to study the response properties of large ensembles of neurons in auditory cortex. Specific Aim 1 proposes the development of a strategy for chronic, in vivo two-photon recording of activity from identified cell populations in the primary auditory cortex of awake, head-fixed mice. We will use this approach to determine the tuning properties and spatial organization of principal cells in different cortical layers as well as distinct subtypes of inhibitory interneurons. Specific Aim 2 proposes to investigate how sensory representations in adult auditory cortex are shaped by experience. We hypothesize that brief daily experience to sounds causes a long-lasting habituation of cortical principal cell responses mediated by local inhibitory interneurons. Specific Aim 3 proposes to investigate how cortical activity is modulated by sound-guided behavior. We hypothesize that engagement in an auditory task rapidly enhances cortical representations to sounds compared to passive listening. Moreover, this modulation by sound-guided behavior is also due to changes in the activity of local interneurons. Together, these experiments will show that cortical sensory representations are highly flexible and bidirectionally modulated by local inhibitory circuits that regulate the salience of acoustic stimuli.

项目摘要/摘要 听力感极大地促进了我们的生活质量。确实，听觉系统播放 我们对当地环境，沟通和享受音乐的能力的意识中的基本作用。 但是，大脑中感觉信息处理和编码的基础机制不是 清除。为了解决这个问题，我们研究了听觉皮层中神经元电路的特性，大脑较高 区域对于声音感知很重要。我们研究的长期目标是了解相互作用 不同类型的兴奋性和抑制回路调节大脑中的感觉信息处理。 提出的实验采用光学记录技术来研究大型的响应特性 听觉皮层中神经元的合奏。特定目的1提出了慢性战略的制定 来自主要听觉皮层中鉴定出的细胞种群的活性的Vivo两光子记录， 头部固定小鼠。我们将使用这种方法来确定本金的调整属性和空间组织 不同皮层层中的细胞以及抑制性神经元的不同亚型。特定目标2提议 调查成人听觉皮层中的感官表示是如何根据经验塑造的。我们假设这一点 简短的每日声音经验导致介导的皮质主细胞反应的持久习惯 由局部抑制性中间神经元。特定目的3提议研究如何调节皮质活性 发声的行为。我们假设参与听觉任务会迅速增强皮质 与被动聆听相比，声音表示。此外，通过声音指导行为调制 也是由于局部间神经元活动的变化。这些实验将共同表明皮质 感觉表示高度灵活，并由调节的局部抑制回路进行双向调节 声学刺激的显着性。