MOTES: Micro-scale Opto-electronically Transduced Electrode Sites

MOTES：微型光电转换电极位点

• 批准号: 9244414
• 负责人: Jesse Heymann Goldberg
• 金额: $ 28.18万
• 依托单位: CORNELL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-30 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9244414
• 关键词: Amplifiers; Automobile Driving; Back; Brain; Calcium; Cell Death; Cells; Chemicals; Code; Communication; Complement; Computer software; Custom; Data; Detection; Devices; Electrodes; Electronics; Electrophysiology (science); Elements; Fluorescence; Fluorescent Dyes; Genetic; Gliosis; Goals; Harvest; Image; Imaging Techniques; Imaging technology; Immune response; Implanted Electrodes; In Vitro; Indium; Life; Light; Link; Location; Measurement; Measures; Minor; Modality; Modification; Monitor; Motion; Neurobiology; Neurons; Noise; Optics; Penetration; Physiologic pulse; Population; Reading; Resolution; Semiconductors; Sensory; Side; Signal Transduction; Silicon; Site; Slice; Specificity; Stimulus; System; Technology; Time; Tissues; base; brain tissue; cell type; cost; design; fluorescence imaging; imaging system; implantable device; in vivo; light intensity; millimeter; minimally invasive; multi-photon; optical imaging; relating to nervous system; research study; stem; temporal measurement; voltage

Summary Our goal in this project is to develop a new class of electrical recording device that complements and piggy- backs on cutting edge imaging technologies. Whereas multi-electrical recording has provided detailed measurements of neural activity with high temporal precision, it is also invasive, provides relatively low spatial resolution, and provides little information about the identity of measured neurons. Optical imaging techniques, conversely, provide very fine spatial resolution, easing neural identification, but at the cost of significantly worse temporal resolution, and with the requirement of either chemical (through fluorescent dyes) or genetic modification of the tissue. In order to better bridge these two modalities, we envision developing untethered Microscale Optoelectronically Transduced Electrodes (MOTEs) which combine optoelectronic elements for power and communication with custom CMOS circuits for low-noise amplification and encoding of electrical signals. Each MOTE will be powered by optically stimulated micro-photovoltaic cells and will use the resulting 1-2µW of electrical power to measure, amplify, and encode electrophysiological signals, up-linking this information optically by driving an LED. MOTEs will avoid many of the problems associated with standard wire- and shank-based electrodes, where most of the volume of the implanted electrode, and so most of the tissue damage it does, stems from the long rigid shank that connects electrode sites to external electronics. To be most useful, MOTEs' photovoltaics will be designed to harvest power from optical stimuli of the same wavelengths and intensities as are used in stimulating fluorescence when imaging neural activity. Similarly, the LED used for uplink will be designed to emit light at wavelengths and intensities consistent with those detectable by a fluorescent imaging system. These choices will allow the both down- and up-link of optical signals to be handled by existing imaging systems with minimal modification. By employing a pulsed stimulation (as is used in multi-photon systems) and appropriately encoding and timing up-linked LED pulses, fluorescent and MOTE emissions can be segregated into adjacent sub-microsecond time bins. This combination of optical compatibility and temporal multiplexing will allow simultaneous imaging and electrical recording of neural activity from the same volume of neural tissue, using the same optical imaging and recording systems. This simultaneous, heterogeneous measurement capability will enable a much wider range of experiments and studies of neural activity than are presently possible.

概括 我们在这个项目中的目标是开发一种新的电气录制设备，该设备已完成和小猪 后退尖端成像技术。多电记录提供了详细的记录 具有高临时精度的神经元活性的测量，它也具有侵入性，可提供相对较低的空间 分辨率，几乎没有有关测量神经元身份的信息。光学成像技术， 相反，提供非常精细的空间分辨率，缓解神经识别，但要付出很大的代价 临时分辨率更糟，并且需要化学（通过荧光染料）或遗传 组织的修饰。为了更好地弥合这两种方式，我们设想开发不受限制的 显微镜光电转导的电极（MOTE），这些电极（MOTE）结合了光电元件 电力和通信与定制CMOS电路，用于低噪声放大和编码电气 信号。每个微粒将由光学刺激的微伏洛伏型细胞提供动力，并将使用结果 1-2µW的电力，用于测量，扩增和编码电生理信号，上链接此 通过驾驶LED进行光学信息。 Motes将避免与标准相关的许多问题 电线和柄的电极，其中大部分植入电极，因此大多数 组织损坏它会造成的，从将电子位点连接到外部电子设备的较长的刚性小腿。 最有用的是，Motes的光伏技术将设计为从相同的光学刺激中收获功率 成像神经活动时，用于刺激荧光的波长和强度。相似地， 用于上行链路的LED将设计为在波长和强度与与之一致的波长和强度下发出光 可通过荧光成像系统检测。这些选择将允许光学的下降和上链接 通过具有最小修改的现有成像系统来处理的信号。通过使用脉冲 刺激（如多光子系统中使用），并适当编码和定时上连接的LED脉冲， 荧光和软体动物的排放可以分离为相邻的亚微秒时箱。这 光学兼容性和临时多路复用的组合将允许同时成像和电动 使用相同的光学成像和 记录系统。这种同时的，异构的测量能力将使更广泛的范围 目前可能的实验和神经活动的研究。