Neural Mechanisms of Social Communication in Parrots

鹦鹉社会交流的神经机制

• 批准号: 10207958
• 负责人: Jesse Heymann Goldberg
• 金额: $ 68.92万
• 依托单位: CORNELL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-15 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10207958
• 关键词: Accelerometer; Acoustics; Active Learning; Animal Model; Animals; Area; Assimilations; Back; Beak; Behavior; Behavioral; Bilateral; Biological Models; Birds; Brain; Broca' s area; Cannulas; Cell Nucleus; Code; Communication; Companions; Consent; Corpus striatum structure; Courtship; Data; Dopamine; Event; Exhibits; Feedback; Female; Fiber; Food; Friends; Friendships; Generations; Gestures; Grooming; Head; Human; Image; Implant; Individual; Joints; Learning; Machine Learning; Melopsittacus; Motivation; Motor; Names; Neurons; Neurosciences; Outcome; Output; Pair Bond; Parakeets; Partner in relationship; Pathway interactions; Pharmacology; Phase; Photometry; Primates; Psittacidae; Psychological reinforcement; Publications; Recurrence; Research; Rewards; Signal Transduction; Social Behavior; Social Interaction; Social Network; Social outcome; Socialization; Songbirds; Speech; Structure; System; Teenagers; Testing; Time; Visual; awake; base; classical conditioning; court; dopamine system; dynamic system; experimental study; fighting; fitness; follow-up; innovation; loved ones; machine learning algorithm; male; microphone; motor control; neural circuit; neuromechanism; neuroregulation; neurotransmission; nonhuman primate; outcome prediction; relating to nervous system; sensor; social; social communication; social learning; social neuroscience; sound; stereotypy; vocal control; vocal learning; vocalization; Accelerometer; Acoustics; Active Learning; Animal Model; Animals; Area; Assimilations; Back; Beak; Behavior; Behavioral; Bilateral; Biological Models; Birds; Brain; Broca' s area; Cannulas; Cell Nucleus; Code; Communication; Companions; Consent; Corpus striatum structure; Courtship; Data; Dopamine; Event; Exhibits; Feedback; Female; Fiber; Food; Friends; Friendships; Generations; Gestures; Grooming; Head; Human; Image; Implant; Individual; Joints; Learning; Machine Learning; Melopsittacus; Motivation; Motor; Names; Neurons; Neurosciences; Outcome; Output; Pair Bond; Parakeets; Partner in relationship; Pathway interactions; Pharmacology; Phase; Photometry; Primates; Psittacidae; Psychological reinforcement; Publications; Recurrence; Research; Rewards; Signal Transduction; Social Behavior; Social Interaction; Social Network; Social outcome; Socialization; Songbirds; Speech; Structure; System; Teenagers; Testing; Time; Visual; awake; base; classical conditioning; court; dopamine system; dynamic system; experimental study; fighting; fitness; follow-up; innovation; loved ones; machine learning algorithm; male; microphone; motor control; neural circuit; neuromechanism; neuroregulation; neurotransmission; nonhuman primate; outcome prediction; relating to nervous system; sensor; social; social communication; social learning; social neuroscience; sound; stereotypy; vocal control; vocal learning; vocalization

PROJECT SUMMARY When Confucius said, “Tell me who are your friends, and I’ll tell you who you are,” he was noticing that how we behave and communicate is shaped by who we choose to hang out with every day. We constantly mimic the mannerisms and behaviors of friends and loved ones. Yet the neural basis of how we imitate, and more importantly who we choose to emulate and why, is largely unknown. Parrots provide a powerful yet untapped model system for social learning. Parrots, like humans and non-human primates, live in a specific type of ‘fission- fusion’ social network in which making and maintaining friendships is the key to fitness. Like humans, they selectively imitate and learn the names of their carefully selected companions. Here we aim to launch parrots as a new animal model in systems neuroscience. In aims 1, we will record neural activity in the vocal motor cortical output of the song system (nucleus AAC) in pairs of budgerigars engaged in courtship interactions. In these first- ever neural recordings form awake, behaving parrots, we are finding that AAC neurons exhibit premotor signals for vocalizations (as expected) and for expressive gestures such as silent kissing, head-bobbing and allogrooming. This joint vocal and gestural neural control, observed in human Broca’s area but not in songbirds – means that what was thought to be a songbird-like ‘song system’ is actually a more general system for social interaction. We next test the causal relationship between song system activity and social behavior. Inactivating AAC during courtship interactions will test if/how vocalizations and gestures degrade or lose their coordination (Aim 2.1). Inactivating frontal or posterior cortical inputs to AAC in bonded pairs will test the songbird-inspired idea that variability and order depend on distinct cortical pathways (Aim 2.2). For each inactivation experiment, a pair of interacting birds is conceptualized as a single dynamical system – and we will use machine learning guided behavioral analysis to quantify how vocalizations and gestures change (or do not) in both the inactivated and non-inactivated partner. Finally, in Aim 3 we will image dopamine (DA) release using fiber photometry and genetically encoded DA sensors. Pilot data demonstrate feasibility of DA imaging in singing birds. These experiments will test for the first time if DA signals, known to evaluate the quality of reward outcomes, similarly evaluate social outcomes. Courtship dynamics are perfect because gestural ‘requests’ to allogroom or ‘kiss’ are rejected or accepted with visually and acoustically obvious ‘consent’ or ‘deny’ signals. Males make hundreds of advances per day and use female feedback to learn – providing natural trial structure, within-session learning, and ‘events’ to which we can align simultaneously recorded male and female DA signals – which may or may not come into alignment as a pair ‘decides’ to bond or not. Budgerigar interactions resemble human conversations – a back-and-forth of vocalizations and gestures that both communicate agonistic or affiliative signals and control vocal learning and partner selection. Together, these experiments will help establish parrots as a new model system in social neuroscience and will ready us for a follow-up R01 submission in two years.

项目摘要 孔子说：“告诉我谁是你的朋友，我会告诉你你是谁，”他注意到我们的方式 行为和沟通是由我们选择每天与谁一起闲逛的人的塑造。我们不断模仿 朋友和亲人的举止和行为。然而，我们如何模仿的神经基础，更多 重要的是，我们选择效仿的人以及原因，在很大程度上是未知的。鹦鹉提供了强大而尚未开发的 社会学习模型系统。像人类和非人类隐私一样，鹦鹉生活在特定类型的裂变中 - Fusion的社交网络在社交网络中结交和维护朋友是健身的关键。像人类一样 有选择地模仿并学习他们精心选择的同伴的名称。在这里，我们的目标是将鹦鹉作为 系统神经科学中的新动物模型。在AIMS 1中，我们将记录声带皮质中的神经元活动 歌曲系统（Nucleus aac）的输出成对，进行了求爱互动的廉价培训。在这些首先 曾经的神经元录音形成清醒，行为鹦鹉，我们发现AAC神经元表现出前视信号 用于发声（如预期的）以及诸如无声接吻，睁大眼睛和 分配。这种联合声音和手势神经控制，在人类Broca地区观察到，但在鸣禽中不观察到 - 意味着被认为是鸣禽的“歌曲系统”实际上是一个更通用的社交系统 相互作用。接下来，我们测试歌曲系统活动与社会行为之间的因果关系。灭活 求爱期间的AAC将测试/是否发声和手势如何退化或失去协调 （AIM 2.1）。以绑定对的AAC灭活额叶或后皮质输入将测试以鸣鸟的启发 变异性和顺序取决于不同的皮质途径的想法（AIM 2.2）。对于每个失活实验， 一对相互作用的鸟类被概念化为单个动态系统 - 我们将使用机器学习 指导行为分析以量化两者的发声和手势如何变化（或不） 和非灭活的合作伙伴。最后，在AIM 3中，我们将使用纤维光度法映像多巴胺（DA）释放 遗传编码的DA传感器。飞行员数据证明了DA成像在歌唱鸟类中的可行性。这些 如果DA信号（已知以评估奖励结果的质量），实验将首次测试 评估社会成果。求爱动态是完美的，因为对Allogroom或“ Kiss”的手势“请求”是 在视觉和准确地被拒绝或接受明显的“同意”或“拒绝”信号。雄性造成数百人 每天进步并使用女性反馈来学习 - 提供自然的试验结构，会议内学习， 以及我们可以简单地记录男性和女性DA信号的“事件” - 可能或可能可能 没有作为“决定”与不结合的一对。 Budgerigar互动类似于人类 对话 - 传达激动或会员的声音和手势的来回 信号和控制声乐学习和伴侣选择。这些实验将共同建立鹦鹉 作为社会神经科学领域的新模型系统，将在两年内准备好进行R01的后续提交。