Insulin sensitivity and fatty acid partitioning in skeletal muscle after exercise

运动后骨骼肌中的胰岛素敏感性和脂肪酸分配

• 批准号: 9029455
• 负责人: Jeffrey F Horowitz
• 金额: $ 48.43万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-13 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9029455
• 关键词: Address; Adherence; Adipose tissue; Adult; Blood Circulation; Body Weight; Body fat; Ceramides; Clinical; Clinical Markers; Dose; Energy Metabolism; Exercise; Exercise Therapy; Fatty Acids; Glucose; Goals; Health; Health Benefit; Heart Rate; Hepatic; Infiltration; Inflammatory; Insulin Resistance; Interval training; Lipids; Metabolic; Moderate Exercise; Muscle; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Peripheral; Prevention; Program Development; Recovery; Regimen; Skeletal Muscle; Stimulus; Time; Tissues; Training; Training Programs; Variant; blood glucose regulation; blood lipid; design; diabetic patient; exercise adherence; exercise prescription; exercise program; exercise regimen; exercise training; fitness; impaired glucose tolerance; improved; inflammatory marker; insulin sensitivity; insulin signaling; macrophage; obesity treatment; programs; public health relevance; response; stem; willingness

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Exercise is a key component in the prevention and treatment of many obesity-related metabolic complications, including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. High intensity interval training (HIIT), which alternates brief high-intensity efforts ith brief recovery periods, has been found to markedly improve clinical markers of metabolic health (meal tolerance, 24h glucose). Therefore, HIIT may be considered an effective and time- efficient alternative to "conventional" exercise. Importantly, HIIT has also been found to be safe and well tolerated in obese and type 2 diabetic patients. The exercise stimulus of HIIT is obviously very different from conventional exercise, and can yield unique adaptions. However, mechanisms underlying HIIT-induced improvements in metabolic health remain poorly understood. In addition, variations in the main components of HIIT (# of intervals, exercise time, energy expended) may induce very different metabolic outcomes, yet a systematic assessment of deviations in these parameters has not been conducted. Furthermore, while available evidence clearly demonstrates HIIT can induce impressive health benefits after a few to several weeks of training, the ability/willingness of obese adults to adhere to a long-term HIIT program is not known. Our overall objectives are to: 1) comprehensively assess putative mechanisms underlying HIIT-induced improvements in insulin resistance at the whole-body, tissue, and cellular levels, 2) systematically evaluate the impact of different "doses" of HIIT that may be optimal for improving metabolic health in obese adults, and 3) assess the ability/willingness of obese subjects to adhere to long-term HIIT programs. In Specific Aim #1, we will examine the effects of 3 months of HIIT (10 x 1min at ~90%maximal heart rate [HRmax]; 4d/wk) on changes in key clinical health outcomes (e.g., insulin resistance, 24h glucose control, hepatic lipid accumulation, blood lipid profile) in obese adults with impaired glucose tolerance. We will also compare HIIT with "conventional" exercise-training involving steady-state exercise for 45 min at 60-70%HRmax (which represents a common exercise prescription for health and fitness). Specific Aim #2 will determine factors underlying the improvements in insulin resistance (e.g., reduced lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle, lower macrophage infiltration and markers of inflammation in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, and/or enhanced insulin signaling). Specific Aim #3 will address important clinical/applied issues regarding the optimization of HIIT by systematically evaluating the effects of the number of intervals, exercise time, and energy expended during HIIT on insulin resistance - and we will also assess the ability/willingness of obese adults with impaired glucose tolerance to adhere to HIIT programs for up to 1 year. Findings from these studies will greatly expand our understanding about the effects of HIIT on metabolic health, and will provide tremendously valuable information for the design of programs aimed at maximizing key metabolic benefits of exercise.

 描述（由申请人提供）：运动是预防和治疗许多肥胖相关代谢并发症的关键组成部分，包括胰岛素抵抗和 2 型糖尿病，高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 可以交替进行短暂的高强度训练和短暂的训练。已发现可显着改善代谢健康的临床指标（膳食耐受性、24 小时血糖），因此 HIIT 可能被认为是“传统”运动的有效且省时的替代方案。研究还发现，对于肥胖和 2 型糖尿病患者来说，HIIT 的运动刺激明显与传统运动有很大不同，并且可以产生独特的适应性，但是 HIIT 引起的代谢健康改善的机制仍然很差。此外，HIIT 主要组成部分（间歇次数、运动时间、能量消耗）的变化可能会导致截然不同的代谢结果，但尚未对这些参数的偏差进行系统评估。展示经过几周到几周的训练后，HIIT 可以带来令人印象深刻的健康益处，但肥胖成年人坚持长期 HIIT 计划的能力/意愿尚不清楚，我们的总体目标是：1）全面评估 HIIT 背后的假定机制。在全身、组织和细胞水平上诱导胰岛素抵抗的改善，2) 系统地评估不同“剂量”的 HIIT 的影响，这可能是改善肥胖成人代谢健康的最佳选择，3) 评估肥胖受试者坚持长期 HIIT 计划的能力/意愿在具体目标 #1 中，我们将检查 3 个月 HIIT 的效果（10 x 1 分钟，约 90% 最大心率 [HRmax]；4 天/周）。我们还将比较 HIIT 与糖耐量受损的肥胖成人的关键临床健康结果（例如胰岛素抵抗、24 小时血糖控制、肝脂质积累、血脂谱）的变化。 “传统”运动训练涉及以 60-70%HRmax 进行 45 分钟的稳态运动（代表健康和健身的常见运动处方），具体目标 #2 将确定改善胰岛素抵抗的因素（例如，降低胰岛素抵抗）。具体目标#3将解决重要的临床/应用问题通过系统评估 HIIT 期间的间歇次数、运动时间和能量消耗对胰岛素抵抗的影响来优化 HIIT，我们还将评估糖耐量受损的肥胖成人坚持 HIIT 计划的能力/意愿这些研究的结果将极大地扩展我们对 HIIT 对代谢健康影响的理解，并将为设计旨在最大限度地提高运动的关键代谢益处的计划提供非常有价值的信息。