The neural mechanisms responsible for recognizing and remembering novel objects and scenes

负责识别和记忆新物体和场景的神经机制

基本信息

批准号：
9113005
负责人：
NICOLE C RUST
金额：
$ 39.31万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-08-01 至 2019-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Our ability to remember the images and scenes that we have encountered is remarkable - we can correctly determine whether we have seen an image before after viewing thousands, each only for a few seconds. The neural processes that support visual "familiarity" memory are thought to be implemented in the same brain areas as those that support visual object "recognition", but both are poorly understood. Impairments in visual familiarity memory, including those that accompany disorders such as dementia, lead to devastating inabilities to recognize one's own family or home. The experiments described in this proposal take advantage of new techniques that allow us to monitor neural population responses to study how "novel" images become "familiar" across single image exposures. First, we will determine the relative contributions of different brain regions to visual familiarity memor, including V4, IT and perirhinal cortex. Next, we will determine whether and how visual object recognition and visual familiarity memory are supported by the same neural circuits. Finally, we will test whether familiarity memory storage includes a mechanism that suppresses memories of images that elicit weak visual responses and amplifies those that are strong. These results will provide crucial insights into the neural mechanisms responsible for visual familiarity memory and they have the potential to suggest targets for the treatment of familiarity memory dysfunction.

描述（由适用提供）：我们记住我们遇到的图像和场景的能力是非常了不起的 - 我们可以正确确定在查看数千次之后是否在查看数千秒钟之前就已经看到了图像，每个图像只有几秒钟。认为支持视觉“熟悉”记忆的神经过程与支持视觉对象“识别”但两者都了解的大脑区域在同一大脑区域中实现。视觉熟悉性记忆的障碍，包括那些参与痴呆症等疾病的障碍，导致遭受毁灭性的无能为力，无法识别自己的家庭或家庭。该提案中描述的实验利用了新技术，使我们能够监视中性种群的响应，以研究单个图像暴露的“新颖”图像如何变得“熟悉”。首先，我们将确定不同大脑区域对视觉熟悉性记忆的相对贡献，包括V4，IT和Perirhinal皮层。接下来，我们将确定是否以及如何以及如何由相同的神经回路支持视觉对象识别和视觉熟悉性记忆。最后，我们将测试熟悉度存储器存储是否包括一种机制，该机制抑制了引起弱视觉响应和放大器的图像记忆的机制。这些结果将提供对负责视觉熟悉性记忆的神经机制的关键见解，它们有可能提出治疗熟悉性记忆功能障碍的目标。