Sensory processing of social and defensive chemosignals

社会和防御化学信号的感觉处理

• 批准号: 9011941
• 负责人: Catherine Dulac
• 金额: $ 35.91万
• 依托单位: HARVARD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-03-20 至 2018-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9011941
• 关键词: Accessory Olfactory Bulbs; Address; Adolescent; Amygdaloid structure; Animals; Architecture; Area; Aromatase; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Cell Nucleus; Chemicals; Child Rearing; Code; Communication; Communication impairment; Complex; Cues; Data; Defect; Detection; Diagnosis; Disease; Dorsal; Electrophysiology (science); Employee Strikes; Enzymes; Female; General Practitioners; Genetic; Goals; Health; Human; Hypothalamic structure; Individual; Laboratories; Lesion; Mammals; Maps; Medial; Mediating; Mental disorders; Molecular; Mus; Neurons; Neurosciences; Output; Partner in relationship; Pathology; Pattern; Pheromone; Population; Population Process; Positioning Attribute; Preparation; Process; Property; Receptor Activation; Reporting; Rodent; Role; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Sensory Process; Signal Transduction; Social Interaction; Specialist; Staging; Stimulus; System; Testing; Therapeutic Intervention; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Time; Transgenic Mice; Vomeronasal Systems; base; behavioral response; information processing; insight; interest; male; neuromechanism; neuronal circuitry; novel; optogenetics; programs; receptor; relating to nervous system; research study; response; segregation; sensory input; sexual dimorphism; social; tool; vomeronasal organ

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to investigate how social chemosignals are processed by vomeronasal circuits in many species, the signals essential for guiding social interactions rely on the emission and detection of pheromones. Rodents strongly rely on the vomeronasal system to detect these cues and guide genetically pre-programmed social and defensive behaviors. We, and others, have recently made significant progress in understanding the molecular and celular basis of chemosensory detection by the vomeronasal organ (VNO) and in visualizing complex patterns of activity by its primary target, the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB). However, the information processing performed by downstream brain areas in order to elicit innate behavioral responses. encode behaviorally relevant signals has not yet been uncovered. This project draws on novel electrophysiological, genetic and optogenetic approaches to determine how units from the (MeA) transform social and defensive sensory cues into behavioraly relevant signals. The MeA occupies a critical position in the vomeronasal-sensorimotor transformation between the AOB and distinct nuclei of the hypothalamus that are involved in eliciting distinct behavioral responses. medial amydgala Proposed experiments will address 1- how the MeA processes the complex sensory representation from the AOB, in order to convey information reflecting the behavioral significance of the detected cues to centers in the hypothalamus. 2- the sensory representation of distinct genetically defined populations of neurons in the MeA, and more specifically the responses of two complementary populations of neurons expresing either the enzyme aromatase (Ar) or thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH that are located in distinct areas of the MeA reported to drive mating and defensive behaviors, respectively. 3- the contribution of elementary VNO signals to neuronal activation across the brain using transgenic mouse lines and optogenetic tools that enable the activation of discrete receptor populations corresponding to the detection of predators, as well as male and female conspecifics. In humans, defects in social recognition are the core of poorly understood and debilitating mental disorders such as autism and schizophrenia. Because of their central role in the coding and processing of environmental cues leading to appropriate behavioral responses, the neural principles of social and defensive recognition uncovered in these studies are largely applicable throughout the animal kingdom. Thus, our findings will inform the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders, in which social and sensory communications are impaired.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的目的是调查许多物种中的沃马纳纳纳斯电路如何处理社会化学信号，指导社会互动的信号依赖于信息素的排放和检测。啮齿动物强烈依靠沃马纳纳纳斯系统来检测这些提示并指导遗传预编程的社会和防御行为。我们和其他人最近在理解呕吐器官（VNO）的化学感应检测的分子和旋转基础方面取得了重大进展，并在其主要靶标，辅助嗅球（AOB）中可视化活性的复杂模式。但是，下游大脑区域进行的信息处理是为了引起先天的行为反应。 编码在行为上相关的信号尚未发现。该项目借鉴了新型的电生理，遗传和光遗传学方法，以确定（MEA）单位如何将社会和防御性的感觉线索转化为行为相关信号。 MEA在AOB和下丘脑的不同核之间的呕吐传感器转化中占据了关键位置，这些转化涉及引起独特的行为反应。内侧杏仁核提出的实验将解决1- MEA如何处理AOB的复杂感觉表示，以传达反映检测线索的行为意义的信息，向下丘脑中的中心传达。 2- the sensory representation of distinct genetically defined populations of neurons in the MeA, and more specifically the responses of two complementary populations of neurons expresing either the enzyme aromatase (Ar) or thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH that are located in distinct areas of the MeA reported to drive mating and defensive behaviors, respectively. 3- the contribution of elementary VNO signals to neuronal使用转基因小鼠线和光遗传学工具在整个大脑之间激活与人类的捕食者以及男性和女性的疾病相对应的离散受体种群，这是社会识别中的缺陷，是对自动症和精神分裂的核心作用的核心。这些研究中发现的社会和防御识别原则在整个动物王国基本上适用。因此，我们的发现将为精神障碍的诊断和治疗提供信息，在这些障碍中，社会和感觉沟通受到损害。