Maternal dietary intake of omega 3 fatty acids and birth defects

母亲膳食中欧米伽 3 脂肪酸的摄入量与出生缺陷

• 批准号: 10575495
• 负责人: Dorothy Kim Waller
• 金额: $ 7.8万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-18 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10575495
• 关键词: Abbreviations; Acids; Address; Algae; Area; Arthritis; Brain; Carbon; Case/Control Studies; Clinical; Code; Confidence Intervals; Congenital Abnormality; Congenital Heart Defects; Consumption; Country; Data; Databases; Diet; Dietary intake; Disease; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Eating; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Environmental Pollutants; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Fishes; Folic Acid; Food; Frequencies; Funding Mechanisms; Heart Abnormalities; Heart Diseases; Human; Hypertension; Infant; Intake; Interview; Link; Measures; Modeling; Mothers; Neural Tube Defects; Nurses' Health Study; Nutrient; Odds Ratio; Oils; Omega-3 Fatty Acids; Phenotype; Plant Sources; Plants; Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids; Population Study; Pregnancy; Prevention; Questionnaires; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Risk; Seafood; Site; Source; Soybeans; Sterile coverings; Subgroup; Testing; Tissues; Vinegar; Woman; alpha-Linolenic Acid; bioaccumulation; dietary; dietary supplements; docosapentaenoic acid; manufacture; marine; methyl group; mother nutrition; offspring; pi bond; prevent; response

-ABSTRACT It is well established that low levels of dietary folic acid are associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects. However, no other dietary nutrient has been clearly associated with birth defects. We propose to use the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) to assess the association between maternal diets low in omega 3 fatty acids and birth defects. The NBDPS, one of the largest population based studies of birth defects, interviewed 40,029 US mothers who delivered infants between 1997 and 2011. It includes 50 clinically well defined birth defect phenotypes. Dietary information was collected using a 58-item food frequency questionnaire developed by Willett and colleagues for The Nurses Health Study. In a preliminary analysis of NBDPS data for approximately 20,000 pregnancies, 31 percent of mothers reported eating little or no fish (a leading source of omega 3 fatty acids). This analysis examined 22 birth defects and observed that mothers who consumed as little as 1-3 servings of fish per month had a lower risk of having offspring with 5 of these birth defects. In addition, a small case control study found that mothers who consume diets high in fish have a reduced risk of heart defects. We are requesting support to undertake analyses of the final NBDPS database of 40,009 pregnancies. We will assess associations between three different levels of fish consumption (1-3 servings per month, 1 serving per week and 2 or more servings per week) and 50 different birth defect phenotypes. We will also assess associations between three other measures of maternal intake of omega 3 fatty acids and 50 birth defects, including two measures of plant sources of dietary omega 3 fatty acids. This project entails 1) coding of responses for up to 4,000 dietary supplements, 2) main analyses of 200 adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, 3) testing multiple regression models to evaluate confounding and 4) analyses of sensitivity and bias. Including the 2 sensitivity analyses and the analyses of misclassification bias, we will calculate 650 adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. The observation many women eat little or no fish, suggests that the percent of birth defects that may be explained by low fish consumption in the US could be relatively high compared to countries where fish consumption is higher. However, many women prefer not to eat fish because of concerns about the environmental contaminants that bio-accumulate in them. Hence it is important to not only understand the effect of fish consumption on birth defects but to also understand the effect of dietary intake of omega 3 fatty acids from plant sources on birth defects. We hypothesize that intake of plants rich in omega 3 fatty acids may also be protective against birth defects and could therefore serve as an alternative source of protective omega 3 fatty acids.

-抽象的 众所周知，饮食中叶酸含量低与神经病风险增加有关。 管缺陷。然而，没有其他膳食营养素与出生缺陷明确相关。我们建议 使用国家出生缺陷预防研究 (NBDPS) 来评估母亲饮食之间的关联 欧米伽 3 脂肪酸含量低，不会导致出生缺陷。 NBDPS 是最大的基于人口的出生缺陷研究之一，采访了 40,029 名美国人 1997 年至 2011 年间生下婴儿的母亲。其中包括 50 种临床明确的出生缺陷 表型。使用由 58 项食物频率调查问卷收集的饮食信息 威利特和同事进行护士健康研究。 对大约 20,000 次怀孕的 NBDPS 数据进行初步分析，其中 31% 据母亲报告，她们很少吃鱼或根本不吃鱼（鱼是欧米伽 3 脂肪酸的主要来源）。本次分析 检查了 22 种出生缺陷，发现仅食用 1-3 份鱼的母亲 每月生出患有其中 5 种出生缺陷的后代的风险较低。另外，还有一个小案例对照 研究发现，饮食中富含鱼类的母亲患心脏缺陷的风险较低。 我们请求支持对包含 40,009 例妊娠的最终 NBDPS 数据库进行分析。 我们将评估三种不同水平的鱼类消费之间的关联（每月 1-3 份，1 份） 每周和每周 2 份或更多份）和 50 种不同的出生缺陷表型。我们还将评估 母亲摄入 omega-3 脂肪酸的其他三项指标与 50 种出生缺陷之间的关联， 包括两种膳食 Omega 3 脂肪酸植物来源的测量值。 该项目需要 1) 对多达 4,000 种膳食补充剂的反应进行编码，2) 对 200 种膳食补充剂进行主要分析 调整优势比和 95% 置信区间，3) 测试多元回归模型以评估混杂因素 4) 敏感性和偏倚分析。包括2次敏感性分析和误分类分析 偏差，我们将计算 650 个调整后的比值比和 95% 置信区间。 许多妇女很少吃鱼或不吃鱼的观察结果表明，出生缺陷的百分比可能是由 与鱼类消费低的国家相比，美国的鱼类消费量可能相对较高 消费较高。然而，出于对环境的担忧，许多女性不愿意吃鱼。 在其中生物积累的污染物。因此，重要的是不仅要了解鱼的作用 食用欧米伽 3 脂肪酸对出生缺陷的影响，同时了解膳食中摄入植物欧米伽 3 脂肪酸的影响 出生缺陷的来源。我们假设摄入富含 omega 3 脂肪酸的植物也可能​​具有保护作用 对抗出生缺陷，因此可以作为保护性 omega 3 脂肪酸的替代来源。