Behavioral and neural characteristics of adaptive speech motor control

自适应语音运动控制的行为和神经特征

• 批准号: 10562043
• 负责人: LUDO MAX
• 金额: $ 49.18万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-01-15 至 2027-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10562043
• 关键词: Acceleration; Acoustics; Adult; Affect; Articulation; Auditory; Basal Ganglia; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Cell Nucleus; Central Nervous System; Characteristics; Child; Client; Clinical; Clinical Protocols; Compensation; Complex; Computer Assisted; Computer Models; Databases; Deep Brain Stimulation; Development; Developmental apraxia; Electrodes; Etiology; Feedback; Frequencies; Future; Generations; Goals; Hearing; Impairment; Implant; Individual; Instruction; Jordan; Knowledge; Laboratories; Learning; Limb structure; Longevity; Maintenance; Modeling; Motor; Movement; Nature; Neurologic; Output; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patients; Play; Policies; Procedures; Process; Production; Public Health; Research; Role; Sensory; Series; Signal Transduction; Speech; Speech Development; Speech Disorders; Speech Sound; Structure of subthalamic nucleus; Stuttering; Techniques; Thalamic structure; Theoretical model; Time; Translational Research; Update; Work; auditory feedback; base; experimental study; improved; innovation; insight; motor behavior; motor control; motor learning; neural; neural circuit; neurophysiology; neuroregulation; novel; novel strategies; prevent; programs; sensor technology; sequence learning; skills; speech accuracy; therapy development

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Sensorimotor learning plays a critical role in the acquisition and refining of all skilled movements, including speech production. From early babbling to fully mature speech articulation, auditory-motor learning reflects central nervous system processes involved in acquiring and updating neural representations of the intricate motor-to-auditory transformations from motor commands to vocal tract movements and speech sound output. Auditory-motor learning is also believed to play an important role in the etiology of developmental speech disorders such as stuttering and childhood apraxia of speech. Over the past two decades, the PI’s laboratory has made important contributions to the field’s understanding of the key mechanisms underlying such speech auditory-motor learning in children and adults. We now propose a novel series of experiments, combining behavioral learning paradigms with a highly innovative neurophysiological approach that allows us to both modulate and record subcortical neural activity. Specifically, we aim to investigate (a) how speech auditory- motor learning can be enhanced and how decay of learning can be minimized, (b) whether feedforward auditory-motor learning also drives updates in feedback control policies, (c) which theoretical insights can be gained from the subset of individuals who are “followers” and paradoxically use a control strategy that leads to increasing auditory error rather than adaptation, and (d) whether, at the neural level, cerebellar and basal ganglia circuits play a distinct role in speech auditory-motor learning versus other forms of speech motor learning. The inclusion of experiments on the neural bases of auditory-motor learning leverages state-of-the-art sensing technology available in very recent Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) implants with electrodes in either thalamic ventral intermediate nucleus (receiving cerebellar output) or subthalamic nucleus (basal ganglia). Overall, these integrated experiments will elucidate the processes, mechanisms, and neural substrates involved in speech auditory-motor learning. They will also reveal the developmental progression of auditory- motor learning, differences in auditory-motor learning between children and adults, as well as similarities and differences in speech sensorimotor learning vs. limb sensorimotor learning. Furthermore, given that auditory- motor adaptation paradigms cause speakers to implicitly alter their speech output quickly and without effort, this line of work supports the future long-term goal of developing novel, computer-assisted clinical procedures that induce adaptive changes in speech behavior by systematically altering the speaker’s auditory feedback. Thus, the work is directly relevant to public health as the generated knowledge will deepen our understanding of typical speech development, the maintenance of speech articulation skills throughout the lifespan, and fundamental sensorimotor mechanisms underlying developmental speech disorders while simultaneously paving the way for highly innovative clinical techniques for the treatment of a variety of speech disorders.

项目概要/摘要 感觉运动学习在所有熟练动作的习得和完善中起着至关重要的作用，包括 从早期的牙牙学语到完全成熟的言语发音，听觉运动学习反映了这一过程。 中枢神经系统过程涉及获取和更新复杂的神经表征 从运动命令到声道运动和语音输出的运动到听觉的转换。 听觉运动学习也被认为在言语发展的病因学中发挥着重要作用 在过去的二十年里，PI 的实验室研究了诸如口吃和儿童失用症等疾病。 为该领域理解此类演讲背后的关键机制做出了重要贡献 我们现在提出了一系列新颖的实验，结合了儿童和成人的听觉运动学习。 行为学习范式具有高度创新的神经生理学方法，使我们能够 具体来说，我们的目标是研究（a）语音听觉- 可以增强运动学习以及如何最大程度地减少学习衰退，（b）是否前馈 听觉运动学习还推动反馈控制策略的更新，（c）哪些理论见解可以 从作为“追随者”的个体子集获得并自相矛盾地使用导致 增加听觉错误而不是适应，以及（d）在神经水平上，小脑和基底细胞是否 与其他形式的言语运动相比，神经节回路在言语听觉运动学习中发挥着独特的作用 听觉运动学习神经基础的实验利用了最先进的技术。 最新的深部脑刺激 (DBS) 植入物中采用了传感技术，电极位于 丘脑腹侧中间核（接收小脑输出）或丘脑底核（基底神经节）。 总的来说，这些综合实验将阐明过程、机制和神经基质 他们还将揭示听觉运动学习的发展进程。 运动学习、儿童和成人听觉运动学习的差异以及相似点和相似点 言语感觉运动学习与肢体感觉运动学习的差异此外，考虑到听觉。 运动适应范式导致说话者快速且毫不费力地隐式改变其语音输出， 该工作线支持开发新颖的计算机辅助临床程序的未来长期目标 通过系统地改变说话者的听觉反馈来引起言语行为的适应性变化。 因此，这项工作与公共卫生直接相关，因为产生的知识将加深我们的理解 典型的言语发展、在整个生命周期中维持言语表达技能，以及 发育性言语障碍的基本感觉运动机制，同时 为治疗各种言语障碍的高度创新的临床技术铺平了道路。