Challenging Allergies: The Search for a Magic Bullet for Pediatric Food Allergies

挑战过敏：寻找治疗儿童食物过敏的灵丹妙药

基本信息

批准号：
10578414
负责人：
JILL A FISHER
金额：
$ 4.95万
依托单位：
UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-07-12 至 2026-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10578414
关键词：
Accidents Adolescent Advocate Affect Allergens Allergic Allergy to peanuts American Benefits and Risks Biomedical Research Black race Books Cessation of life Child Childhood Clinic Clinical Trials Data Development Empirical Research Enrollment Ethnic Population Ethnography Family Food Food Hypersensitivity Funding Grant Guidelines Health Hypersensitivity Interview Investments Life Literature Low income Magic Manuscripts Marketing Medical Modeling Parents Pathway interactions Patients Perception Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacologic Substance Powder dose form Private Practice Privatization Protocols documentation Public Health Qualifying Quality of life Reaction Reporter Research Research Personnel Risk Safety Sales Sampling Social Sciences Stress Structure Therapeutic Therapeutic Intervention Treatment/Psychosocial Effects Underrepresented Minority United States United States Food and Drug Administration United States National Institutes of Health Work Writing aged clinical practice effective therapy experience food allergen food avoidance innovation interest lens novel therapeutics racial population recruit research and development risk perception treatment comparison urban area

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY This project proposes empirical research and a scholarly book on the medicalization and pharmaceuti- calization of food allergies. One out of every 13 US children has a food allergy, and nearly half of those children are allergic to multiple foods. Because food allergies can be life-threatening, a significant amount of biomedical research and development has been invested in finding effective therapies. These novel therapeutic options—including one recent FDA-approved drug, an array of clinical trials, and even un- regulated food-based treatments—have attracted considerable parental interest despite potentially sig- nificant risks. Indeed, preliminary research indicates that parents often have a higher tolerance for the risks of these medical treatments compared to the risks from food. I am currently completing an ethnographic study of peanut allergy clinical trials, and the proposed project will expand and continue this line of research for the scholarly book through three specific aims: (1) ex- plore the experiences and perceptions of parents of children with peanut or other food allergies who have not pursued clinical trials, (2) document how unregulated food allergy treatments are being offered through private practices, and (3) integrate empirical findings from Aims 1 & 2 with my current ethno- graphic work on food allergy clinical trial participation. For Aim 1, I will conduct 30 interviews with par- ents who are (a) practicing avoidance of their children's food allergens with no additional treatment, (b) treating their children's peanut allergy with the FDA-approved drug, or (c) treating their children's food allergies with unregulated therapies. For Aim 2, I will conduct 10 interviews with clinicians who offer unregulated food-based treatments for food allergies to analyze how they describe their practices, includ- ing any safety protocols they have in place. The book manuscript will be written as part of Aim 3, wherein I will use data from both projects to provide a comprehensive view of food allergy therapeutics. The proposed project is significant because it will provide rich information about how US families navi- gate food allergies as a part of everyday life as well as a condition that increasingly justifies risky thera- peutic interventions. This project is innovative because food allergy therapeutics have not been examined from a critical social science perspective, and there has been no empirical research comparing the per- spectives of parents who choose different medical pathways to manage their children's food allergies or comparing how stakeholders perceive potential differences between FDA-approved, investigational, and unregulated food allergy treatments. Food allergies are certainly a health threat, but this new era of food allergy therapeutics marks a transition in which the condition is being more intensely and problematically medicalized.

项目概要该项目提出了关于医疗化和药学的实证研究和学术书籍每 13 个美国儿童中就有一个患有食物过敏，其中近一半有食物过敏。儿童对多种食物过敏，因为大量食物过敏可能会危及生命。生物医学研究和开发已投入到寻找有效的治疗方法上。治疗选择——包括 FDA 最近批准的一种药物、一系列临床试验，甚至是未受监管的食品治疗——尽管有潜在的潜在症状，但仍引起了家长的极大兴趣事实上，初步研究表明，父母通常对风险有更高的容忍度。与食物的风险相比，这些药物治疗的风险。我目前正在完成花生过敏临床试验的人种学研究，以及拟议的项目将通过三个具体目标扩展并继续这本学术书籍的研究方向：（1）前探究对花生或其他食物过敏的儿童的父母的经历和看法未进行临床试验，(2) 记录如何提供不受监管的食物过敏治疗通过私人实践，以及（3）将目标 1 和 2 的实证结果与我当前的民族- 关于食物过敏临床试验参与的图解工作对于目标 1，我将与参与者进行 30 次访谈。 (a) 在不进行额外治疗的情况下避免孩子的食物过敏原，(b) 使用 FDA 批准的药物治疗孩子的花生过敏，或 (c) 处理孩子的食物对于目标 2，我将与提供治疗方案的专家进行 10 次访谈。针对食物过敏的不受监管的基于食物的治疗方法，以分析他们如何描述其做法，包括- 本书的手稿将作为目标 3 的一部分编写。我将使用这两个项目的数据来提供食物过敏治疗的全面视图。拟议的项目意义重大，因为它将提供有关美国家庭如何导航的丰富信息。将食物过敏视为日常生活的一部分，并且越来越证明这种情况是有风险的治疗该项目具有创新性，因为食物过敏疗法尚未得到检验。从批判性社会科学的角度来看，目前还没有实证研究比较父母选择不同的医疗途径来控制孩子的食物过敏或比较利益相关者如何看待 FDA 批准的、研究的和不受监管的食物过敏治疗确实对健康构成威胁，但这是食品的新时代。过敏疗法标志着一种转变，在这种转变中，病情变得更加严重和有问题医疗化。