Household Triclosan and Triclocarban Use and the Developing Infant Microbiome

家庭三氯生和三氯卡班的使用与婴儿微生物群的发育

• 批准号: 8791686
• 负责人: Julie Parsonnet
• 金额: $ 31.95万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-01-14 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8791686
• 关键词: Accounting; Affect; Age; Antibiotics; Automobile Driving; Biocide; Birth; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Chemicals; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Cohort Studies; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Development; Diet; Disease; Endocrine; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Event; Evolution; Exposure to; Feces; Food; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Growth; Health; Home environment; Household; Human; Human Microbiome; Human Milk; Hygiene; Immune system; Immunologics; Incidence; Individual; Infant; Infection; Intention; Learning; Life; Mediating; Metabolic; Metabolism; Microbe; Mothers; Newborn Infant; Oral; Organism; Outcome; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Phase; Population; Predisposition; Pregnant Women; Rain; Randomized; Recombinant DNA; Research; Research Personnel; Saliva; Sampling; Self Care; Shapes; Skin; Soaps; Solid; Structure; Surface; Swab; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Toothpaste; Triclosan; Urine; Water; Work; arm; base; cohort; forest; frontier; fungus; human subject; immune function; intrapartum; killings; microbial; microbicide; microbiome; response; transmission process; triclocarban; urinary

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The infant microbiome evolves over early life, with the first year being of particular importance. Increasingly, investigators speculate that the sequence of microbial acquisition and the diversity of the microbiome influence immunologic, endocrinologic and metabolic development. Thus, anything that modifies the microbiome may alter infant growth and even long-term health and well-being. Over the last 50 years, microbicides in commercial household cleaning and personal care products have become ubiquitous in the U.S. The most common--triclosan and triclocarban (TCs)-permeate a vast assortment of commercial products. Due to their widespread use, triclosan is found in 50% of surface water and 75% of human urine samples. TCs have a broad spectrum of activity, killing Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as fungi. The effects of these biocides on the human microbiome--and more specifically on the microbiota of infants--remain unknown. This team is currently conducting a longitudinal cohort study (STORK) to assess the consequences of intrapartum and childhood infectious diseases on infant growth. Within the STORK cohort, households were randomized to commercial products with and without TCs to determine whether these chemicals affect the incidence of infection. In the current proposal, this work will be expanded to understand the effects of these microbicides on the developing infant microbiome. It is hypothesized that household TC use will modify the evolution of infant microbiota, reducing their diversity and altering their community structure, potentially leading to differences in growth, metabolism and immune function. The specific aim, then, is to determine whether membership and structure of infant microbiota correlate with household TC use. To assess this specific aim, deep 16S rDNA sequencing will be conducted on collected stool, saliva, and skin swab samples from mothers and their newborns. Samples will be collected every four months until the children reach the age of three years. Urine will be tested for triclosan exposure and information on child growth, infectious diseases symptoms, and antibiotic use will be accessed weekly. All this work will be done on previously collected samples with no additional human subjects contact. Analyses will include: intention-to- treat comparisons of the children's microbiota based on microbicide randomization; exposure comparisons of the children's microbiota based on high and low urinary levels of triclosan; and a comparison of mothers' and their children's microbiota stratified by microbicide arm. An enlarging body of work indicates that environmental exposures early in development shape susceptibility to disease later in life. How much of the relationship between environmental exposure and host outcome is actually mediated by microbiota is a great unknown. This study will lay groundwork for exploring this new frontier of research.

描述（由申请人提供）：婴儿微生物组在早期的生命中演变，第一年特别重要。研究人员越来越多地推测，微生物获取的序列以及微生物组的多样性影响免疫学，内分泌和代谢发育。因此，任何修改微生物组的事物都可能改变婴儿的生长，甚至改变长期健康和福祉。 在过去的50年中，商业家庭清洁和个人护理产品中的微生物在美国已无处不在 - 最常见的 - triclosan和triclocarban（TCS） - 多种商业产品。由于它们的广泛使用，在50％的地表水和75％的人类尿液样品中发现了三氯生。 TC具有广泛的活性，可杀死革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌以及真菌。这些杀菌剂对人类微生物组的影响 - 更具体地说是对婴儿的微生物群 - 未知。 该团队目前正在进行一项纵向队列研究（Stork），以评估产前和儿童传染病对婴儿生长的后果。在Stork队列中，家庭被随机分配给有或没有TC的商业产品，以确定这些化学物质是否影响感染的发生率。在当前的建议中，这项工作将扩展，以了解这些微生物对发育中的婴儿微生物组的影响。假设家庭TC的使用将改变婴儿菌群的演变，减少其多样性并改变其社区结构，并可能导致 生长，代谢和免疫功能的差异。因此，具体的目的是确定婴儿菌群的成员资格和结构是否与使用家庭TC相关。为了评估这一特定目的，将对母亲及其新生儿的粪便，唾液和皮肤拭子样品进行深16S rDNA测序。样本将每四个月收集一次，直到孩子们达到三岁。尿液将接受三氯生的暴露和有关儿童生长，传染病症状以及抗生素使用的信息。所有这些工作都将在没有其他人类接触的先前收集的样本上完成。分析将包括：基于菌心随机化的儿童菌群的意图比较；基于三氯生的高和低尿液水平的儿童菌群的暴露比较；并比较母亲及其子女的菌群通过菌心臂分层。 扩大的工作表明，在生命后期，环境暴露在发育形式的早期易感性易感性。实际上，微生物群介导了环境暴露和宿主结果之间的关系是一个伟大的未知。这项研究将为探索这一新的研究前沿奠定基础。