How stopping movement affects working memory

停止运动如何影响工作记忆

• 批准号: 8743097
• 负责人: Adam Robert Aron
• 金额: $ 16.79万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-30 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8743097
• 关键词: Affect; Area; Auditory; Basal Ganglia; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Models; Brain; Cognitive; Cognitive Science; Data; Electrodes; Electroencephalography; Figs - dietary; Hand; Implant; Interruption; Leg; Link; Measures; Methods; Mind; Modeling; Motor; Motor Cortex; Motor Evoked Potentials; Movement; Parkinson Disease; Patients; Physiologic pulse; Psychiatry; Publishing; Scalp structure; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Skeletal Muscle; Sorting - Cell Movement; Stimulus; Structure of subthalamic nucleus; System; Systems Theory; Telephone; Testing; Time; Training; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; base; cognitive neuroscience; experience; frontal lobe; healthy volunteer; indexing; innovation; memory process; muscular system; neuromechanism; novel; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; sound; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We all experience the sort of situation where, during a conversation, we are interrupted by a salient external signal (a 'novel'), e.g. a breaking window. We quickly orient to the novel, and then find that our train of thought, or more specifically our working memory (WM), has been interrupted. This proposal tests the theory that one reason for this WM decrement is because the salient stimulus activates the brain's motor stopping network, and this network has global effects on currently active motor and non-motor cortical contents. Based on our published and preliminary data we advance for the following neural systems model: a) novels act as stop signals, generating a rapid motor stop via the brain's global stopping network, b) this network is implemented via the subthalamic nucleus (STN) of the basal ganglia, c) activation of the STN leads to a widespread pulse of suppression on thalamocortical drive, d) as all motor and non-motor representations (including WM) are partly sustained by thalamocortical drive, there is a temporary interruption which manifests as a WM decrement. Validating this model has far-reaching significance for better understanding the relationship between stopping and WM in cognitive psychology; for better understanding the relation between the 'over-stopped' state in PD and cognitive inflexibility, and for advancing a new theory of distractibility, relevant for psychiatry. We test the model in PD patients and in healthy volunteers. In PD patients we will examine how stopping affects WM while we simultaneously record local field potentials from implanted STN electrodes and scalp EEG from the frontal cortex. We expect that stopping-induced activity in the STN will correspond with reductions in the cortical marker for WM, thus linking the putative global STN stop signal with a decrement in WM. In healthy volunteers we will use Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of motor cortex as a surrogate probe of the global STN stop signal. We expect that the degree of global motor suppression measured by this method will correspond with the decrement in WM induced by stop signal as well as novels.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们都经历了这种情况，在谈话中，我们被一个显着的外部信号（“小说”）打断了，例如一个断窗。我们迅速地与小说定向，然后发现我们的思想列车或更具体的工作记忆（WM）被打断了。该建议检验了这样的理论，即WM降低的原因之一是因为显着刺激激活了大脑的运动停止网络，并且该网络对当前有效的运动和非运动皮质含量具有全球影响。基于我们已发布和初步数据，我们可以推进以下神经系统模型：a）小说充当停止信号，通过大脑的全球停止网络产生快速电动机停止，b）通过丘脑下核（STN）的基础核（STN）实现该网络，c，c，c的激活都会导致所有人的脉动均可及时纳入Thalamocort and thalamocort and thalamocoral and thalamocortal and thalamocoral and thalamocoral and thalamocoral（ WM）部分由丘脑皮层驱动器维持，存在暂时的中断，表现为WM降低。验证该模型具有深远的意义，可以更好地理解认知心理学中的停止与WM之间的关系；为了更好地理解PD中的“过度停滞”状态与认知僵化性之间的关系，以及推进与精神病学有关的新的分散性理论。我们在PD患者和健康志愿者中测试该模型。在PD患者中，我们将检查停止如何影响WM，同时我们从植入的STN电极和额叶皮质的头皮脑电图中记录局部田间电位。我们预计STN中停止诱导的活性将与WM的皮质标记中的降低相对应，从而将假定的全局STN停止信号与WM的减少联系起来。在健康的志愿者中，我们将使用运动皮层的经颅磁刺激作为全局STN停止信号的替代探针。我们期望通过该方法测量的全局运动抑制程度与停止信号和小说引起的WM的减少相对应。

项目成果

Stop-related subthalamic beta activity indexes global motor suppression in Parkinson's disease.

• DOI: 10.1002/mds.26732
• 发表时间: 2016-12
• 期刊: MOVEMENT DISORDERS
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Wessel, Jan R.;Ghahremani, Ayda;Udupa, Kaviraja;Saha, Utpal;Kalia, Suneil K.;Hodaie, Mojgan;Lozano, Andres M.;Aron, Adam R.;Chen, Robert
• 通讯作者: Chen, Robert