Investigating linkages between arsenic exposure, diabetes, and COVID-19 infections and risks on the Navajo Nation

调查砷暴露、糖尿病和 COVID-19 感染之间的联系以及纳瓦霍族的风险

• 批准号: 10246534
• 负责人: Stephanie Russo Carroll
• 金额: $ 18.46万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10246534
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Address; Adult; Advocate; Area; Arsenic; COVID-19; COVID-19 mortality; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 prevention; Cardiovascular Diseases; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Cessation of life; Communities; Community Health Education; Coronavirus; Country; Data; Data Set; Death Rate; Decision Analysis; Decision Making; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease Outbreaks; Effectiveness of Interventions; Elderly; Environmental Health; Environmental Risk Factor; Exposure to; Focus Groups; Food Energy; Fright; Funding; Future; Goals; Government; Government Officials; Health; Health Food; Health education; Heating; Heavy Metals; High Prevalence; Home; Hour; Household; Individual; Infrastructure; Intervention; Knowledge; Language; Link; Local Government; Lung diseases; Medical; Metals; Methods; Navajo; Participant; Persons; Plumbing; Policies; Public Health; Public Health Practice; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; SARS-CoV-2 infection; Secure; Social Workers; Source; Surveys; Time; Tribes; Uncertainty; United States Indian Health Service; Uranium; Water; base; combat; comorbidity; contaminated water; effectiveness evaluation; falls; first responder; high risk; infection rate; infection risk; meetings; member; pandemic disease; prevent; response; socioeconomics; tribal lands

Project Summary The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has generated fear and uncertainty as COVID-19 cases and fatalities spread across the globe. COVID-19 infection rates on tribal lands are more than four times the US national average and are still increasing. In the US, the highest COVID-19 infection rate per capita is on the Navajo Nation, the second largest federally recognized tribe. COVID-19 cases and deaths for the Navajo Nation continue to rise as COVID-19 cases have begun to decline in some of the initially hardest hit states. There are many reasons that Diné people (Navajo) are at higher risk for COVID- 19 infections, complications, and death including, but not limited to food, energy and water-insecurities, high prevalence of underlying medical conditions (comorbidities), and environmental health factors. However, we do not have direct evidence that the lack of access to healthy foods, high prevalence of diabetes, and heavy metal-contaminated water are responsible for increased COVID-19 infections on the Navajo Nation. There is an urgent need to identify the environmental and individual risk factors associated with COVID-19 infection rates and deaths among Navajo Nation residents to inform new strategies and policies to mitigate the current spread of COVID-19 and prevent future outbreaks. Our long-term goal is to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 and other outbreaks on the Navajo Nation. Our research objective is to identify individual and environmental risk factors for COVID-19 infection and death among Navajo Nation residents. We hypothesize that individuals with comorbidities (e.g., diabetes), in low socioeconomic situations (e.g., households without indoor plumbing), and/or living with access to water sources with inorganic contaminants will have a higher risk of COVID-19 infection and death. The rationale for the proposed research is that, once the specific risk factors for COVID-19 infection and death are known on the Navajo Nation, it will be possible to develop useful community education strategies, public health messaging and interventions that may benefit these high-risk communities. AIM 1: Identify environmental and individual risk factors for COVID-19 infection and death by Chapter (regions) on the Navajo Nation within 6 months. AIM 2: Identify community education mechanisms, public health messaging and interventions to mitigate risk factors for COVID-19 infection and death in Navajo Nation. AIM 3: Determine effectiveness of community education and public health messaging on knowledge of public health practices (e.g. water sources, distribution) to prevent COVID-19 infection and death among Navajo Nation residents. The Navajo Nation is actively addressing COVID-19, the Navajo Nation needs access to data-driven analyses for decision-making. We have chosen to focus on secondary data for the initial project activities for multiple reasons.

项目概要 严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2 (SARS-CoV-2) 大流行引起了恐惧和 随着 COVID-19 病例和死亡人数在全球范围内蔓延，部落土地上的 COVID-19 感染率存在不确定性。 是美国全国平均水平的四倍多，并且仍在增加，在美国，COVID-19 的发病率最高。 纳瓦霍部落的人均感染率是联邦政府认可的第二大部落。 随着一些地区的 COVID-19 病例开始下降，纳瓦霍族的病例和死亡人数继续上升 迪内族（纳瓦霍族）感染新冠病毒的风险较高的原因有很多。 19 感染、并发症和死亡，包括但不限于食物、能源和水不安全、高 然而，我们确实了解潜在医疗状况（合并症）和环境健康因素的患病率。 没有直接证据表明缺乏健康食品、糖尿病患病率高以及重度肥胖 受金属污染的水是导致纳瓦霍族地区 COVID-19 感染增加的原因。 迫切需要确定与 COVID-19 感染相关的环境和个人风险因素 纳瓦霍族居民的死亡率和死亡率，为缓解当前的新战略和政策提供信息 我们的长期目标是减轻 COVID-19 的传播。 我们的研究目标是确定个人和环境的情况。 我们对纳瓦霍族居民中 COVID-19 感染和死亡的危险因素进行了调查。 患有合并症（例如糖尿病），社会经济状况较差（例如没有室内管道的家庭）， 和/或生活在含有无机污染物的水源中，感染 COVID-19 的风险较高 拟议研究的理由是，一旦确定了 COVID-19 的特定危险因素。 纳瓦霍族部落的感染和死亡已为人所知，因此有可能开展有用的社区教育 可能使这些高风险社区受益的策略、公共卫生信息和干预措施 AIM 1： 按章节（地区）确定 COVID-19 感染和死亡的环境和个人风险因素 纳瓦霍族在 6 个月内目标 2：确定社区教育机制、公共卫生信息。 以及减轻纳瓦霍族 AIM 3 地区 COVID-19 感染和死亡风险因素的干预措施： 确定社区教育和公共卫生信息传递对公共卫生知识的有效性 纳瓦霍族中预防 COVID-19 感染和死亡的做法（例如水源、分配） 纳瓦霍族部落正在积极应对新冠肺炎 (COVID-19) 问题，纳瓦霍族部落需要获得数据驱动的服务。 我们选择将重点放在初始项目活动的辅助数据上。 多种原因。