Low-Cost, Low-Dose Flat Panel X-ray Detectors with a Novel Semiconductor

采用新型半导体的低成本、低剂量平板 X 射线探测器

基本信息

批准号：
10245281
负责人：
Amlan Datta
金额：
$ 73.23万
依托单位：
CAPESYM, INC.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-04-15 至 2023-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10245281
关键词：
Affect Air Anions Area Atmosphere Cations Characteristics Charge Chemicals Custom Densitometry Deposition Detection Development Diagnostic Diagnostic radiologic examination Digital Radiography Direct Costs Dose Dose-Rate Electronics Electrons Exhibits Extravasation Film Fluoroscopy Gamma Rays Goals Grain Image Imaging Phantoms Industrialization Iodides Lead Light Mammography Measurement Medical Medical Imaging Modernization Modification Performance Phase Photons Process Property Radiation Dose Unit Research Resolution Roentgen Rays Scanning Selenium Semiconductors Signal Transduction Source Structural defect Techniques Technology Testing Therapeutic Thick Vertebral column Work attenuation base bone cold temperature cone-beam computed tomography cost density detector digital image guided radiation therapy imager imaging modality interest miniaturize monomethylammonium ion next generation novel perovskite programs prototype quantum research clinical testing response sensor soft tissue tomosynthesis vapor

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract After decades of advances in medical imaging, X-ray based imaging modalities are still the backbone of modern general and targeted diagnostic and therapeutic imaging. With the advent of flat panel detector technology, flat panel X-ray imagers (FPXIs) are now widely used in digital radiography, fluoroscopy, digital tomosynthesis, image-guided radiation therapy, and cone beam computed tomography. The majority of commercial FPXIs are based on scintillators and rely on indirect conversion of X-rays to photons and then to electronic signals, and a smaller portion is based on amorphous selenium (a-Se) semiconductor films that directly convert absorbed X- rays to an electronic signal. The indirect FPXIs have high detective quantum efficiency (DQE) over the energy range of interest (up to 140kVp) and are used in most of the flat panel imaging applications. However, the isotropic propagation of light in the scintillators adversely affects the quality of obtained images, and high radiation doses are needed to obtain images with acceptable brightness and contrast. On the other hand, a-Se based direct-conversion panels have excellent spatial resolution and DQE, but only up to 40kVp, due to low absorptivity of a-Se at higher energies. Thus, the use of direct-conversion FPXIs is currently limited only to soft- tissue applications, primarily mammography. In this program, we will develop direct-conversion FPXIs with a novel semiconductor sensor with high sensitivity at X-ray energies up to 140kVp. In Phase I, the feasibility of this semiconductor X-ray sensor was evaluated and excellent results in terms of sensitivity, response linearity, charge transport properties, and stability were obtained. The Phase II program is focused on demonstration of X-ray imagers based on the novel sensor, including large area FPXIs suitable for transitioning to clinical testing, and scalable X-ray scanner modules suitable for medical, scientific research, and industrial imaging applications.

项目概要/摘要经过数十年医学成像的进步，基于 X 射线的成像方式仍然是现代医学的支柱一般和有针对性的诊断和治疗成像。随着平板探测器技术的出现，平板探测器平板 X 射线成像仪 (FPXI) 目前广泛应用于数字放射线摄影、透视、数字断层合成、图像引导放射治疗和锥形束计算机断层扫描。大多数商业 FPXI 是基于闪烁体并依赖于 X 射线间接转换为光子，然后转换为电子信号，以及较小的部分基于非晶硒 (a-Se) 半导体薄膜，可直接转换吸收的 X- 射线转变为电子信号。间接 FPXI 具有较高的能量检测量子效率 (DQE) 感兴趣的范围（高达 140kVp）并用于大多数平板成像应用。然而，闪烁体中光的各向同性传播会对获得的图像质量产生不利影响，并且高需要辐射剂量才能获得具有可接受的亮度和对比度的图像。另一方面，a-Se 基于直接转换的面板具有出色的空间分辨率和 DQE，但由于低电压，只能达到 40kVp a-Se 在较高能量下的吸收率。因此，直接转换 FPXI 的使用目前仅限于软转换组织应用，主要是乳房X线照相术。在本计划中，我们将开发带有新型半导体传感器，在 X 射线能量高达 140kVp 时具有高灵敏度。第一阶段的可行性该半导体 X 射线传感器经过评估，在灵敏度、响应线性度、获得了电荷传输性能和稳定性。第二阶段计划的重点是示范基于新型传感器的 X 射线成像仪，包括适合过渡到临床测试的大面积 FPXI，以及适用于医疗、科学研究和工业成像应用的可扩展 X 射线扫描仪模块。