Zoonotic tick-borne pathogens contribute to acute febrile illness in rural South Africa

人畜共患蜱传病原体导致南非农村地区出现急性发热性疾病

基本信息

批准号：
10112812
负责人：
Marinda Catharina Oosthuizen
金额：
$ 14.04万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-03-18 至 2024-02-29
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10112812
关键词：
Acute Address Affect Africa Africa South of the Sahara African Anaplasma phagocytophilum Anaplasmosis Animals Area Arthropod Vectors Bacterial Infections Bartonella Borrelia Canis familiaris Caring Cattle Clinic Clinical Communicable Diseases Communities Community Health Control Groups Country Coxiella Coxiella burnetii Detection Development Diagnostic tests Disease Disease Management Domestic Animals Ebola virus Ecology Ensure Environment Epidemiology Etiology Evaluation Exposure to Faculty Farming Community Fever Genetic Variation Goals Grant HIV Health High Prevalence Home Human Incidence Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype Infrastructure Interdisciplinary Study Intervention Investigation Laboratories Leptospira Livestock Malaria Medical Mentors Metagenomics Morbidity - disease rate Order Spirochaetales Organism Parasitic Diseases Patients Personal Satisfaction Pilot Projects Populations at Risk Postdoctoral Fellow Poverty Areas Process Province Public Health Q Fever Reporting Research Research Activity Research Personnel Research Support Resources Rickettsia Rift Valley fever virus Rodent Rural Rural Community SARS coronavirus Sampling Sepsis Site South Africa Technology Testing Tick-Borne Diseases Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever Ticks Training Vector-transmitted infectious disease Virus Diseases West Nile virus Wild Animals World Health Organization Zoonoses base burden of illness combat community clinic community living emerging pathogen fighting global health graduate student granulocyte health economics healthy volunteer human pathogen improved influenzavirus innovation knowledge base microbiome microbiome analysis mortality novel pathogen public health relevance response rural South Africa rural area rural poverty spotted fever tick bite tick-borne tick-borne pathogen tool urban area vector control vector tick vector-borne vector-borne infection vector-borne pathogen virome

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT SECTION More than 60% of infectious diseases in humans are spread from animals, often by an arthropod vector. In recent years, vector-borne viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases have emerged or re-emerged in many regions causing global health and economic concerns. The ecology and epidemiology of these diseases are affected by the interrelations between the pathogen, the host and the environment. Vector-borne infections transmitted from wildlife reservoir species to domestic animals or humans are thus of major concern. The Mnisi One Health Platform was established to facilitate research at the cusp of human/livestock/wildlife interface. The Mnisi community is a rural, impoverished area that is situated in the Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. The community shares 75% of its boundary with wildlife reserves, including the Kruger National Park, and provides an environment where there is interaction between humans and domestic and wild animals. The Hans Hoheisen Wildlife Research Station is a well-equipped laboratory on site enabling researchers to process samples on site. The community supports research activities and interventions in return for assistance in an array of health related areas. Using this rich infrastructure, we plan to test the hypothesis that a significant proportion of non-malarial acute febrile illness (AFI) in the Mnisi community can be attributed to tick-borne zoonoses. Some of our early findings suggest that zoonoses, particularly tick bite fever, Q fever and human granulocytic anaplasmosis need to be considered in the investigation of febrile patients presenting for care in Mnisi. In an effort to address this, we plan to study tick-borne pathogens at the wildlife-livestock-human interface, and to identify potential aetiological agents of febrile illnesses in this community. Our first goal is to test samples from human patients who present with non-malarial AFI at the health clinics in the Mnisi community for the presence of zoonotic pathogens using a metagenomic approach. Next we will analyze the microbiome of ticks to determine which tick- borne pathogens are circulating in the community. We believe that ticks act as a focal concentrator of pathogens circulating in the community, and therefore will provide a representative sampling of tick-borne pathogens. Unknown organisms that are detected in both sample sets will be identified as putative pathogens. We then plan to examine a range of samples for the presence of the spotted-fever group rickettsiae, C. burnetii, A. phagocytophilum, Bartonella spp and any other significant putative pathogens identified. The genetic diversity of the organisms identified will be analyzed. The putative tick vector(s) and reservoir hosts will also be identified. Based on this, diagnostic tests can be implemented in rural communities ensuring appropriate interventions and benefiting human health and well-being. This proposal focuses on zoonotic tick-borne diseases in South Africa; our knowledge base of zoonotic tick-borne pathogens impacting human health in South Africa will be expanded and our understanding of the challenges faced by rural communities living at the interface will be enhanced. This will be of value not only for South Africa, but also for other African countries.

项目摘要/摘要部分超过 60% 的人类传染病是由动物传播的，通常是通过节肢动物媒介传播的。近来多年来，媒介传播的病毒、细菌和寄生虫疾病在许多地区出现或重新出现，导致全球健康和经济问题。这些疾病的生态学和流行病学受到病原体、宿主和环境之间的相互关系。媒介传播的感染是从因此，家畜或人类的野生动物宿主物种是人们主要关注的问题。姆尼西一健康平台的建立是为了促进人类/牲畜/野生动物界面尖端的研究。姆尼西人社区是位于南非普马兰加省的一个农村贫困地区。这社区 75% 的边界与野生动物保护区（包括克鲁格国家公园）共享，并提供人类与家畜和野生动物互动的环境。汉斯·霍海森野生动物研究站是一个设备齐全的现场实验室，使研究人员能够在现场处理样本。社区支持研究活动和干预措施，以换取一系列与健康相关的援助地区。利用这一丰富的基础设施，我们计划检验以下假设：很大一部分非疟疾患者姆尼西社区的急性发热性疾病 (AFI) 可归因于蜱传人畜共患病。我们早期的一些研究结果表明，人畜共患病，特别是蜱虫叮咬热、Q 热和人类粒细胞无形体病需要在对姆尼西就诊的发热患者进行调查时考虑。为了解决这个问题，我们计划研究野生动物-牲畜-人类界面上的蜱传病原体，并确定潜在的该社区发热性疾病的病因。我们的首要目标是测试人类患者的样本因人畜共患病而在 Mnisi 社区卫生诊所就诊的非疟疾 AFI 患者使用宏基因组方法识别病原体。接下来，我们将分析蜱虫的微生物组，以确定哪种蜱虫传播的病原体在社区中传播。我们相信蜱虫是病原体的集中者在社区中传播，因此将提供蜱传病原体的代表性样本。在两个样本集中检测到的未知生物体将被识别为推定病原体。然后我们计划检查一系列样品中是否存在斑点热病立克次体、伯内氏立克次体、A. 已鉴定出嗜吞噬细胞、巴尔通体和任何其他重要的推定病原体。遗传多样性将分析所识别的生物体。假定的蜱虫媒介和储存宿主也将被识别。在此基础上，可以在农村社区实施诊断测试，确保采取适当的干预措施和造福人类健康和福祉。该提案重点关注南非的人畜共患蜱传疾病；我们将扩大关于影响南非人类健康的人畜共患蜱传病原体的知识库我们对生活在交界处的农村社区所面临的挑战的了解也将得到加强。这不仅对南非有价值，对其他非洲国家也有价值。