Neuroimaging Of Age-Related Changes in Speech Recognition

语音识别中与年龄相关的变化的神经影像学

• 批准号: 8118949
• 负责人: MARK A ECKERT
• 金额: $ 39.99万
• 依托单位: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-01 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8118949
• 关键词: Abbreviations; Accounting; Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Anisotropy; Anterior; Attention; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Brodmann' s area; Characteristics; Clinical; Cognitive; Complex; Data; Development; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Elderly; Environment; Exhibits; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Galvanic Skin Response; Goals; Hearing; Hippocampus (Brain); Individual; Inferior frontal gyrus; Intervention; Lead; Link; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Metabolic; Middle frontal gyrus structure; Neuraxis; Neurobiology; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Pathway interactions; Performance; Peripheral; Phenotype; Play; Presbycusis; Psyche structure; Reliance; Research; Role; Speech; Stimulus; Structure; Structure of superior temporal sulcus; Superior temporal gyrus; System; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Thick; age related; aging brain; base; cingulate cortex; clinically relevant; design; entorhinal cortex; experience; frontal lobe; frontal lobe cortex; hearing impairment; improved; interest; morphometry; neuroimaging; programs; relating to nervous system; research study; speech recognition; therapy design; white matter

This project examines the structure and function of neural systems that are hypothesized to contribute to age-related declines in speech recognition. Large age-related differences in speech recognition are observed in complex and demanding listening environments for reasons that are unclear. Aging brains undergo extraordinary changes and there is little understanding of how these changes limit or preserve cognitive abilities. We propose to track the aging of two neural systems that play central roles in hypotheses for declines in speech recognition. Aim 2.1 tests the hypothesis that age-related anatomical declines in brain regions that support speech recognition lead to increased reliance on attention-related frontal cortex for word recognition in normal hearing adults. Aim 2.2 tests the hypothesis that older adults with normal hearing exhibit speech recognition declines when additive anatomical declines within speech-related and attention-related systems limit the ability to attend to degraded speech. Aim 2.3 tests the hypothesis that the most common form of age-related hearing loss, metabolic presbyacusis, leads to compensatory changes within speech-related and attention-related systems. This project uses brain activation experiments to define speech-responsive brain regions where anatomical declines may explain the connection between the aging brain and speech recognition difficulties. This project will provide an understanding of the age-related neurobiological changes that people with normal hearing and with hearing loss experience and thereby provide a foundation for improving the speech recognition of older adults through the development of intervention strategies that are based on the peripheral and central nervous system changes that occur with age.

该项目研究了神经系统的结构和功能，这些神经系统被假设有助于 与年龄相关的语音识别能力下降。语音识别中与年龄相关的巨大差异 在复杂且要求较高的聆听环境中观察到的现象，原因尚不清楚。大脑老化 经历了非凡的变化，但人们对这些变化如何限制或保护却知之甚少 认知能力。我们建议追踪在假设中发挥核心作用的两个神经系统的老化 因为语音识别能力下降。目标 2.1 检验以下假设：与年龄相关的解剖学衰退 支持语音识别的大脑区域导致对与注意力相关的额叶皮层的依赖增加 听力正常的成年人的单词识别能力。目标 2.2 检验以下假设：患有正常疾病的老年人 当与语音相关的和 与注意力相关的系统限制了关注退化言语的能力。目标 2.3 检验假设 与年龄相关的听力损失最常见的形式是代谢性老年性耳聋，会导致代偿性变化 在与语音相关和注意力相关的系统中。该项目使用大脑激活实验来定义 言语反应大脑区域的解剖学衰退可能解释了衰老之间的联系 大脑和语音识别困难。该项目将帮助人们了解与年龄相关的问题 听力正常和听力损失的人经历的神经生物学变化，从而 为通过开发提高老年人的语音识别能力奠定基础 基于周围和中枢神经系统变化的干预策略 年龄。