Drivers with Alcohol Use Disorders: At high risk for crashes?

患有酒精使用障碍的驾驶员：发生车祸的风险很高吗？

基本信息

批准号：
8113687
负责人：
ROBERT B VOAS
金额：
$ 15万
依托单位：
PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-07-01 至 2013-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8113687
关键词：
Accounting Affect Alcohol Laws Alcohol abuse Alcohol consumption Alcohol dependence Alcoholic beverage heavy drinker Alcohols Automobile Driving Behavior Behavioral Blood alcohol level measurement Blood specimen Breath Tests Burn injury Case-Control Studies Cities Collection Commit Comorbidity Consumption Contractor Contracts Coupled DSM-IV Data Data Collection Dependence Developed Countries Diagnosis Disease Drops Drug usage Drunk driving Evaluation Research Exhibits Face Female Funding Health education Heavy Drinking Interview Jail Law Enforcement Laws Letters Link Liquid substance Location Logistics Measures Minority Groups Monitor National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Oral Pharmaceutical Preparations Policies Population Positioning Attribute Prevalence Prevention Prevention program Protocols documentation Records Recruitment Activity Relative (related person)Relative Risks Research Institute Research Personnel Resources Risk Risk Estimate Risk-Taking Role Safety Scientist Specificity Surveys Time United States Vulnerable Populations Work alcohol and other drug alcohol use disorder base binge drinker breath alcohol measurement case control cost court design drinking drugged driving evidence base falls high risk impaired driving performance programs public drinking public health relevance success trafficking treatment program

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application seeks funding to take advantage of a unique opportunity provided by a $6 million National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) program to conduct the first-ever case-controlled study of the relative risk of drugged driving. That study will recruit 2,500 crash-involved drivers and 5,000 comparison drivers to participate in roadside interviews that will collect breath tests for BAC and oral fluid and blood samples to identify drug involvement. NHTSA has contracted with PIRE to conduct the drug risk study, providing an opportunity for using it as a framework for adding-on a study of the relative risk of crash involvement of drivers with alcohol use disorders. The proposed add-on would also identify hardcore drinking drivers through their driving records to determine their prevalence in traffic crashes. The add-on study would also provide for the collection and analysis of crash records to determine crash responsibility, which will permit for the first time the calculation of relative risk of causing a crash, rather than simply being involved in a crash. Finally, the add-on study, through the collection of information on alcohol use disorders on the drivers in the NHTSA drug risk study, will permit the determination of the relative risk of drivers with comorbid alcohol and drug use problems. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Public Health Relevance Statement This study is directed at the prevention of the 13,000 fatalities caused by alcohol-related crashes involving impaired drivers each year in the United States. It will determine the prevalence of drivers with alcohol use disorders in traffic crashes and provide information to policymakers concerned with treatment and prevention programs.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请寻求资金，以利用 600 万美元的国家公路交通安全管理局 (NHTSA) 计划提供的独特机会，开展首次关于药后驾驶相对风险的病例对照研究。该研究将招募 2,500 名发生车祸的司机和 5,000 名对比司机参加路边访谈，收集 BAC 呼气测试以及口腔液和血液样本，以确定是否涉及药物。 NHTSA 已与 PIRE 签订合同，开展药物风险研究，提供了一个机会，可以将其用作框架，对患有酒精使用障碍的驾驶员发生车祸的相对风险进行补充研究。拟议的附加功能还将通过驾驶记录识别顽固的酒后驾驶员，以确定他们发生交通事故的几率。附加研究还将提供碰撞记录的收集和分析，以确定碰撞责任，这将首次允许计算导致碰撞的相对风险，而不是简单地卷入碰撞。最后，这项附加研究通过收集 NHTSA 药物风险研究中驾驶员酒精使用障碍的信息，将能够确定患有酒精和药物使用问题的驾驶员的相对风险。公共健康相关性：公共健康相关性声明这项研究旨在预防美国每年因醉酒驾驶导致的 13,000 人死亡。它将确定交通事故中患有酒精使用障碍的驾驶员的患病率，并向有关治疗和预防计划的政策制定者提供信息。