A Prospective Study of the Nonmedical use of Prescription Medications by Adolesce

青少年非医疗使用处方药的前瞻性研究

• 批准号: 8013902
• 负责人: CAROL J BOYD
• 金额: $ 59.45万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-03-15 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8013902
• 关键词: Adherence; Adolescent; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Analgesics; Anxiety; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Build-it; Characteristics; Code; Data; Demographic Factors; Drug usage; Epidemiology; Esthesia; Friends; Funding; Gender; Guide prevention; Health; Heterogeneity; Individual; Ingestion; Interdisciplinary Study; Interview; Knowledge; Lead; Legal; Life; Medical; Medicine; Methods; Motivation; Online Systems; Pain; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physicians; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Preventive Intervention; Problem behavior; Prospective Studies; Public Health; Race; Relative (related person); Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Respondent; Risk; Risk Factors; Route; Sampling; Schedule; Schools; Self Medication; Sex Characteristics; Sleep; Structure; Students; Study Section; Substance abuse problem; Surveys; Theoretical model; Time; United States; Update; Variant; Volition; Youth; age group; base; cohort; design; drug classification; falls; innovation; medication compliance; nonmedical use; psychosocial; public health relevance; response; sedative; sex; social; theories; time use; trend; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A Prospective Study of the Nonmedical Use of Prescription Medications by Adolescents is in response to current PA-08-127 (previously PA-07-123). It builds on the research team's previous cross-sectional, exploratory research (RO3 DA018272: RO3 DA 018239) focusing on gender differences in the nonmedical use of scheduled, prescription medications (NUPM) among adolescent and young adult populations. In previous exploratory studies,our research team observed notable heterogeneity among nonmedical users, captured by subtypes characterized by: a) either possession of a legal prescription (or not a legal prescription) and b) motivations (self-treating versus sensation-seeking). While all four subtypes are characterized by volition, two NUPM subtypes involve motives to self-treat, while two other NUPM subtypes involve motives related to sensation-seeking. Additionally, NUPM may involve one's own prescription medication or alternatively, someone else's. The study aims are guided by a theoretical model, drawn from Problem Behavior Theory, which depicts the domains of risk that may lead to NUPM and its consequences. A mixed-method design is proposed; the study includes annual, cross-sectional, web-based surveys over five-years and a longitudinal, panel study that includes face-to-face, semi-structured interviews. The study aims to: 1) investigate the prevalence of medical adherence and the four subtypes of NUPM, the co-occurrence among the subtypes of NUPM, and demographic characteristics associated with each type; 2) identify common patterns of NUPM behaviors across each drug classification (sleep, stimulant, anxiety/sedative, pain); 3) examine the stability/instability of group membership across the 5 points of assessment and the extent to which early trajectories of drug use are associated with substance abuse problems and 4) determine the extent to which the qualitative data converge with quantitative data. Data from this study should be invaluable in planning for new prevention efforts aimed at reducing NUPM among adolescents. Public Health Relevance: The medical and nonmedical use of scheduled prescription medications (e.g. sleep, stimulant, anxiety/sedative, and pain) have increased among adolescents living in the United States, leading to a new set of health risks for this age group. Despite the acknowledged increase in the nonmedical use of prescription medications, relatively little is known about the reasons adolescents engage in this behavior and the negative consequences of their behaviors. The purpose of this study is to advance knowledge about adolescents' medical and nonmedical use of prescription medications with addictive potential in order to better inform prevention efforts.

描述（由申请人提供）：青少年处方药非医疗使用的前瞻性研究是对当前 PA-08-127（以前的 PA-07-123）的回应。它建立在研究团队之前的横断面探索性研究 (RO3 DA018272: RO3 DA 018239) 的基础上，重点关注青少年和年轻人群体中非医疗使用预定处方药 (NUPM) 的性别差异。在之前的探索性研究中，我们的研究团队观察到非医疗用户之间存在显着的异质性，其亚型具有以下特征：a）拥有合法处方（或没有合法处方）和b）动机（自我治疗与寻求感觉）。虽然所有四种亚型都以意志为特征，但两种 NUPM 亚型涉及自我治疗的动机，而另外两种 NUPM 亚型则涉及与寻求感觉相关的动机。此外，NUPM 可能涉及自己的处方药或其他人的处方药。该研究目标以问题行为理论中的理论模型为指导，该模型描述了可能导致 NUPM 及其后果的风险领域。提出了混合方法设计；该研究包括五年来的年度横断面网络调查和纵向小组研究，其中包括面对面的半结构化访谈。该研究的目的是：1）调查医疗依从性和 NUPM 四种亚型的患病率、NUPM 亚型之间的共现情况以及与每种类型相关的人口特征； 2) 识别每种药物分类（睡眠、兴奋剂、焦虑/镇静、疼痛）的 NUPM 行为的常见模式； 3) 通过 5 个评估点检查群体成员的稳定性/不稳定性，以及早期吸毒轨迹与药物滥用问题的关联程度；4) 确定定性数据与定量数据的收敛程度。这项研究的数据对于规划旨在减少青少年 NUPM 的新预防工作非常宝贵。公共卫生相关性：美国青少年对定期处方药（例如睡眠药、兴奋药、焦虑/镇静药和止痛药）的医疗和非医疗使用有所增加，导致该年龄段的人面临一系列新的健康风险。尽管处方药的非医疗使用有所增加，但人们对青少年从事这种行为的原因及其行为的负面后果知之甚少。本研究的目的是增进对青少年对具有成瘾潜力的处方药的医疗和非医疗使用的了解，以便更好地为预防工作提供信息。