Cocaine, Appetitive Memory and Neural Connectivity

可卡因、食欲记忆和神经连接

• 批准号: 8111544
• 负责人: Suchismita Ray
• 金额: $ 12.01万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-04-01 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8111544
• 关键词: Affect; Amygdaloid structure; Anterior; Area; Attention; Behavior; Bioinformatics; Brain; Brain region; Chronic; Cocaine; Cocaine Users; Cognitive; Conscious; Consult; Cues; Data Analyses; Disease; Dorsal; Drug usage; Educational workshop; Environment; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Hippocampus (Brain); Human; Imaging Techniques; Individual; Insula of Reil; Intervention; Knowledge; Left; Light; Link; Memory; Mentors; Modeling; Neurobiology; Neurocognitive; Participant; Performance; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacotherapy; Phase; Play; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention program; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Risk; Role; Sampling; Semantic memory; Semantics; Smoker; Smoking; Stimulus; Substance Addiction; Substance abuse problem; System; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Training; Treatment outcome; Unconscious State; addiction; career development; cocaine exposure; cocaine use; cognitive neuroscience; craving; experience; extrastriate visual cortex; high risk; implicit memory; interest; memory process; memory recognition; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; operation; relating to nervous system; research study; symposium; theories; tool; treatment program

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary. This revised K01 application will provide specialized training in cognitive neuroscience that utilizes functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) as a research tool. Cognitive experimental tasks, brain regions of interest (ROIs) and multiple brain connectivity data analysis approaches will be used to understand neural mechanisms that underlie implicit and explicit memory processes that impart risk for problematic drug use behavior in youthful samples who vary in cocaine exposure, and how these mechanisms are affected by cognitive manipulations. The training and research plans will directly advance the candidate's goal of developing an independent line of transdisciplinary research that investigates spreading of activation in semantic memory for appetitive stimuli that links the processes of memory and craving, and supports persistence of chronic cocaine use in humans. Brain areas related to memory and craving and connectivity between memory and craving related brain areas will be examined during the performance of implicit and explicit memory tasks that will include cocaine and neutral picture cues. The areas of career development include (1) formal training in the theory and application of functional neuroimaging using fMRI; (2) formal training in neurobiology of substance abuse, and expanding candidate's prior training in cognitive neuroscience; (3) developing a background in bioinformatics needed to conduct functional imaging data analyses; and (4) integrating fMRI as a tool, cognitive neuroscience, and addictions research. These goals will be accomplished through coursework, workshops, seminars, and conferences and through extensive one-on- one as well as collective mentoring and consulting with investigators whose research is directly relevant to the goals of this application. The candidate's institutional environment provides strong support to accomplish these goals. In Experiment 1, individuals at high- vs. low-risk for developing cocaine use disorder and those who are chronic cocaine smokers will take part in an implicit semantic priming paradigm that will include a study phase and a picture/non-picture decision test; and an explicit picture recognition task. During the explicit recognition task, participants will decide whether a particular stimulus seen on the screen was presented during the study phase. Established memory and craving related brain ROIs and connectivity between memory and craving related ROIs will be examined during these tasks. In Experiment 2, at-risk and chronic cocaine smokers' neurocognitive mechanisms will be examined using the same tasks, except that they will also perform an additional attention demanding task during the study phase. Brain ROIs and connectivity analyses will be used to reveal the underlying neural substrates involved in the restricted activation in semantic memory. Knowledge gained from this research can be used ultimately to build a more nuanced perspective of 'neurocognitive influences' that can be used to tailor addiction treatment intervention strategies to individual needs, better predict treatment outcome, and develop more targeted pharmacotherapies. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Relevance. This application applies cutting-edge fMRI techniques and is the first study to examine neural mechanisms that underlie implicit and explicit memory processes for cocaine-related stimuli in individuals who vary in cocaine exposure. Brain areas related to memory and craving and connectivity between memory and craving related brain areas will be explored while individuals perform implicit and explicit memory tasks involving cocaine and neutral picture cues. This approach to understanding neural and cognitive influences that underlie risk for addiction and characterize chronic cocaine users will contribute to the candidate's ability to conduct research on the integrated operation of the autonomic nervous and neural systems, which constitute a multi-system vulnerability to substance addiction, and will be useful for clinicians seeking to make prevention and treatment programs more effective.

描述（由申请人提供）：项目摘要。修订后的 K01 应用程序将提供认知神经科学方面的专门培训，利用功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 作为研究工具。认知实验任务、大脑感兴趣区域（ROI）和多个大脑连接数据分析方法将用于了解隐性和显性记忆过程背后的神经机制，这些机制会给可卡因暴露程度不同的年轻样本带来有问题的吸毒行为的风险，以及这些机制如何受到认知操作的影响。培训和研究计划将直接推进候选人开发独立的跨学科研究的目标，该研究调查连接记忆和渴望过程的食欲刺激的语义记忆激活的传播，并支持人类长期使用可卡因的持续性。在执行包括可卡因和中性图片线索在内的内隐和外显记忆任务期间，将检查与记忆和渴望相关的大脑区域以及记忆和渴望相关大脑区域之间的连接性。职业发展领域包括（1）功能磁共振成像功能神经影像理论和应用的正式培训； (2) 药物滥用神经生物学的正式培训，并扩大候选人之前的认知神经科学培训； (3) 培养进行功能成像数据分析所需的生物信息学背景； (4) 将功能磁共振成像作为一种工具、认知神经科学和成瘾研究相结合。这些目标将通过课程作业、讲习班、研讨会和会议以及通过广泛的一对一以及集体指导和咨询与本申请的目标直接相关的研究人员来实现。候选人的制度环境为实现这些目标提供了强有力的支持。在实验1中，患可卡因使用障碍的高风险和低风险的个体以及长期吸食可卡因的个体将参加隐式语义启动范例，其中包括研究阶段和图片/非图片决策测试；以及明确的图片识别任务。在显式识别任务中，参与者将决定在研究阶段是否呈现了屏幕上看到的特定刺激。在这些任务中将检查已建立的记忆和渴望相关的大脑 ROI 以及记忆和渴望相关的 ROI 之间的连接性。在实验2中，将使用相同的任务来检查高危和长期可卡因吸烟者的神经认知机制，只不过他们在研究阶段还将执行一项额外的需要注意力的任务。大脑投资回报率和连接性分析将用于揭示语义记忆中受限激活所涉及的潜在神经基质。从这项研究中获得的知识最终可用于建立“神经认知影响”的更细致的视角，可用于根据个人需求定制成瘾治疗干预策略，更好地预测治疗结果，并开发更有针对性的药物疗法。 公共卫生相关性：相关性。该应用程序应用了尖端的功能磁共振成像技术，是第一项研究可卡因暴露程度不同的个体对可卡因相关刺激的内隐和外显记忆过程的神经机制。当个体执行涉及可卡因和中性图片线索的内隐和外显记忆任务时，将探索与记忆和渴望相关的大脑区域以及记忆和渴望相关大脑区域之间的连接。这种了解成瘾风险和长期可卡因使用者特征的神经和认知影响的方法将有助于候选人对自主神经和神经系统的综合运作进行研究的能力，自主神经和神经系统构成了对物质成瘾的多系统脆弱性，对于寻求更有效的预防和治疗计划的临床医生来说将会很有用。