Cocaine, Appetitive Memory and Neural Connectivity

可卡因、食欲记忆和神经连接

• 批准号: 8111544
• 负责人: Suchismita Ray
• 金额: $ 12.01万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-04-01 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8111544
• 关键词: Affect; Amygdaloid structure; Anterior; Area; Attention; Behavior; Bioinformatics; Brain; Brain region; Chronic; Cocaine; Cocaine Users; Cognitive; Conscious; Consult; Cues; Data Analyses; Disease; Dorsal; Drug usage; Educational workshop; Environment; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Hippocampus (Brain); Human; Imaging Techniques; Individual; Insula of Reil; Intervention; Knowledge; Left; Light; Link; Memory; Mentors; Modeling; Neurobiology; Neurocognitive; Participant; Performance; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacotherapy; Phase; Play; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention program; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Risk; Role; Sampling; Semantic memory; Semantics; Smoker; Smoking; Stimulus; Substance Addiction; Substance abuse problem; System; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Training; Treatment outcome; Unconscious State; addiction; career development; cocaine exposure; cocaine use; cognitive neuroscience; craving; experience; extrastriate visual cortex; high risk; implicit memory; interest; memory process; memory recognition; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; operation; relating to nervous system; research study; symposium; theories; tool; treatment program

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary. This revised K01 application will provide specialized training in cognitive neuroscience that utilizes functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) as a research tool. Cognitive experimental tasks, brain regions of interest (ROIs) and multiple brain connectivity data analysis approaches will be used to understand neural mechanisms that underlie implicit and explicit memory processes that impart risk for problematic drug use behavior in youthful samples who vary in cocaine exposure, and how these mechanisms are affected by cognitive manipulations. The training and research plans will directly advance the candidate's goal of developing an independent line of transdisciplinary research that investigates spreading of activation in semantic memory for appetitive stimuli that links the processes of memory and craving, and supports persistence of chronic cocaine use in humans. Brain areas related to memory and craving and connectivity between memory and craving related brain areas will be examined during the performance of implicit and explicit memory tasks that will include cocaine and neutral picture cues. The areas of career development include (1) formal training in the theory and application of functional neuroimaging using fMRI; (2) formal training in neurobiology of substance abuse, and expanding candidate's prior training in cognitive neuroscience; (3) developing a background in bioinformatics needed to conduct functional imaging data analyses; and (4) integrating fMRI as a tool, cognitive neuroscience, and addictions research. These goals will be accomplished through coursework, workshops, seminars, and conferences and through extensive one-on- one as well as collective mentoring and consulting with investigators whose research is directly relevant to the goals of this application. The candidate's institutional environment provides strong support to accomplish these goals. In Experiment 1, individuals at high- vs. low-risk for developing cocaine use disorder and those who are chronic cocaine smokers will take part in an implicit semantic priming paradigm that will include a study phase and a picture/non-picture decision test; and an explicit picture recognition task. During the explicit recognition task, participants will decide whether a particular stimulus seen on the screen was presented during the study phase. Established memory and craving related brain ROIs and connectivity between memory and craving related ROIs will be examined during these tasks. In Experiment 2, at-risk and chronic cocaine smokers' neurocognitive mechanisms will be examined using the same tasks, except that they will also perform an additional attention demanding task during the study phase. Brain ROIs and connectivity analyses will be used to reveal the underlying neural substrates involved in the restricted activation in semantic memory. Knowledge gained from this research can be used ultimately to build a more nuanced perspective of 'neurocognitive influences' that can be used to tailor addiction treatment intervention strategies to individual needs, better predict treatment outcome, and develop more targeted pharmacotherapies. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Relevance. This application applies cutting-edge fMRI techniques and is the first study to examine neural mechanisms that underlie implicit and explicit memory processes for cocaine-related stimuli in individuals who vary in cocaine exposure. Brain areas related to memory and craving and connectivity between memory and craving related brain areas will be explored while individuals perform implicit and explicit memory tasks involving cocaine and neutral picture cues. This approach to understanding neural and cognitive influences that underlie risk for addiction and characterize chronic cocaine users will contribute to the candidate's ability to conduct research on the integrated operation of the autonomic nervous and neural systems, which constitute a multi-system vulnerability to substance addiction, and will be useful for clinicians seeking to make prevention and treatment programs more effective.

描述（申请人提供）：项目摘要。该修订后的K01应用程序将在认知神经科学方面提供专门的培训，该培训利用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）作为研究工具。认知实验任务，感兴趣的大脑区域（ROI）和多种大脑连接性数据分析方法将用于了解神经机制，这些机制是隐性和明确的记忆过程，这些过程构成了在可卡因暴露的年轻样本中赋予有问题的药物使用行为的风险的风险，以及如何影响这些机制，这些机制如何受到认知操纵的影响。培训和研究计划将直接促进候选人的目标，即开发独立的跨学科研究行，该系列调查了在语义记忆中的激活传播的食用性刺激，该刺激将记忆和渴望的过程联系起来，并支持慢性可卡因在人类中使用的持久性。在内隐和明确的内存任务的执行过程中，将检查与记忆和渴望与渴望相关的大脑区域之间与记忆和渴望之间的连通性有关的大脑区域，其中将包括可卡因和中性图片提示。职业发展领域包括（1）使用fMRI进行功能神经影像学理论和应用的正式培训； （2）对滥用药物的神经生物学的正式培训，并扩大了候选人在认知神经科学领域的先前培训； （3）开发需要进行功能成像数据分析的生物信息学背景； （4）将fMRI作为工具，认知神经科学和成瘾研究。这些目标将通过课程，研讨会，研讨会和会议来实现，并通过广泛的一对一和集体指导和咨询研究人员的研究与该应用程序的目标直接相关的调查人员。候选人的机构环境为实现这些目标提供了强有力的支持。在实验1中，高风险的个人用于发展可卡因障碍，而慢性可卡因吸烟者将参加隐性的语义启动范式，其中包括研究阶段和图片/非图片决策；以及明确的图片识别任务。在明确的识别任务中，参与者将决定是否在研究阶段出现了在屏幕上看到的特定刺激。在这些任务期间，将检查建立的记忆和渴望相关的脑ROI以及与内存与渴望相关的ROI之间的连接。在实验2中，将使用相同的任务检查高危和慢性可卡因吸烟者的神经认知机制，但在研究阶段，他们还将执行额外的注意任务。大脑ROI和连通性分析将用于揭示与语义记忆中受限激活有关的潜在神经底物。从这项研究中获得的知识最终可以用来建立“神经认知影响”的更细微的观点，这些观点可用于根据个人需求来调整成瘾治疗干预策略，更好地预测治疗结果，并开发出更有针对性的药物治疗。 公共卫生相关性：相关性。该应用程序采用了最先进的FMRI技术，并且是第一个研究神经机制的研究，这些神经机制是与可卡因相关的刺激的隐式和明确记忆过程的基础，而可卡因相关的刺激是可卡因暴露的个体。将探索与记忆和渴望与渴望相关的大脑区域之间的与记忆和渴望以及连通性有关的大脑区域，而个人执行涉及可卡因和中性图片提示的隐式和明确的记忆任务。这种理解神经和认知影响的方法是成瘾和表征慢性可卡因使用者的危险，这将有助于候选人对自主神经神经和神经系统进行综合操作进行研究的能力，该研究构成了多系统的脆弱性，这将构成对毒品成瘾的多种系统脆弱性，并将对临床医生有用，以使临床医生寻求使预防和治疗计划更有效。