DNA Analysis in Multi-Phase Microfabricated Devices

多相微加工器件中的 DNA 分析

基本信息

批准号：
7901447
负责人：
Mark A BURNS
金额：
$ 32.39万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2008-08-01 至 2012-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7901447
关键词：
Acute American Antibiotic Resistance Antibiotics Area Back Bacterial Infections Bacterial Typing Bacteriophages Biochemical Biological Assay Chronic Chronic Disease Chronically Ill Clinical Common Cold Communicable Diseases Cystic Fibrosis DNA analysis Detection Devices Disease Drops Drug Prescriptions Environment Gases Genetic Genetic Materials Genomics Health Care Costs Healthcare Systems Hospitalization Image Individual Infection Infectious Agent Knowledge Laboratories Lead Left Life Ligation Liquid substance Location Measures Medical Methods Microbe Microfluidic Microchips Microfluidics Monitor Movement Nasal Lavage Fluid Nucleotides Office Visits Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Phase Physicians Physicians&apos Offices Population Preparation Primary Care Physician Process Product Labeling Protocols documentation Reaction Reagent Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Infections Respiratory tract structure Sampling Satellite Viruses Series Source Sputum Surface Swab System Systems Analysis Temperature Testing Time Training Viral Viral Load result Virus Virus Diseases Work base cost cystic fibrosis patients design and construction effective therapy feeding fight against genetic analysis improved lost work time meetings microchip pathogen pressure respiratory sensor software development

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Infectious diseases represent a significant healthcare cost burden. For bacterial infections, especially chronic ones, antibiotics are selected for treatment not knowing whether the drugs selected are appropriate for the infecting pathogen. Although viral infections have few effective treatments, patients desire medication before they leave their primary care physician's office. Antibiotics are often prescribed for viral infections because the patient demands them not realizing they are ineffective, or the physician provides them as a precautionary measure. Clearly, rapidly and accurately identifying infectious pathogens will lead to fewer unnecessary prescriptions, reduced hospitalization time, and a reduction in the spread of antibiotic resistant microbes. We propose to develop a genetic analysis microfluidic system that uses a single pneumatic input for fluidic control, and a multiplexed reaction system for species identification. The device will use a series of reaction chambers followed by a separation channel to determine the class of infecting agents and their specific resistance to antibiotics. We will target pathogens associated with acute (the common cold) and chronic (multiple-species bacterial) respiratory infections for our main applications. We choose these target areas for several reasons. First, for our strategy of small device size, we need a sample with sufficient pathogenic load to complete an analysis patient material from a swab, sputum, or nasal wash for these diseases typically has high pathogen numbers. Second, understanding the different pathogen species and strains and their infection time course could lead to better treatment and lower the use of antibiotics. Finally, the device can easily be extended to other viruses, bacterial agents, or genomic analysis with merely a change in the reagents.

描述（由申请人提供）：传染病代表着重大的医疗费用负担。对于细菌感染，尤其是慢性感染，选择抗生素进行治疗，不知道所选择的药物是否适合感染病原体。尽管病毒感染几乎没有有效的治疗方法，但患者在离开初级保健医师办公室之前就希望用药。抗生素通常是针对病毒感染的，因为患者要求他们没有意识到自己无效，或者医生将其作为预防措施。显然，迅速，准确地识别感染性病原体将导致不必要的处方，减少住院时间以及抗生素耐药性微生物的蔓延减少。我们建议开发一种遗传分析的微流体系统，该系统使用单个气动输入进行流体控制，以及用于物种鉴定的多重反应系统。该设备将使用一系列反应室，然后使用分离通道来确定感染剂的类别及其对抗生素的特异性。我们将针对与急性（普通感冒）和慢性（多种细菌）呼吸道感染相关的病原体。我们选择这些目标区域的原因有几个。首先，对于我们的小设备尺寸策略，我们需要一个具有足够致病负荷的样品，以从拭子，痰液或鼻腔洗涤中完成分析患者材料，通常具有很高的病原体数量。其次，了解不同的病原体物种和菌株及其感染时间过程可能会导致更好的治疗并降低抗生素的使用。最后，该设备可以轻松地扩展到其他病毒，细菌剂或基因组分析，而试剂仅发生变化。