Decoding temporal features of speech in the auditory system using fMRI

使用功能磁共振成像解码听觉系统中语音的时间特征

• 批准号: 7999467
• 负责人: Daniel Arthur Abrams
• 金额: $ 4.76万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-01 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7999467
• 关键词: Auditory; Auditory system; Biological; Brain; Clinical; Data; Discrimination; Elderly; Elements; Event; Fingerprint; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Hearing; Human; Impairment; Individual; Influentials; Knowledge; Language; Measures; Methods; Population; Population Study; Reading; Signal Transduction; Sorting - Cell Movement; Speech; Speech Perception; Speech Sound; Stimulus; Structure; Testing; Time; Work; base; millisecond; novel; public health relevance; research study; response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Temporal features in the speech signal are essential for normal speech perception in most languages. Nevertheless, the neuroanatomical basis for decoding temporal elements of speech in the human auditory system remains elusive. The primary goal of the proposed work is to test an influential hypothesis that describes how the central auditory system decodes two perceptually-relevant ranges of temporal modulations in speech: temporal modulations in the range of 150-300 msec and 20-50 msec. To this end, we will employ novel and powerful methods for probing central auditory function using functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In one experiment, functional MRI will measure brain responses to speech stimuli that vary in these two temporal modulation ranges to identify neuroanatomical "fingerprints" associated with specific temporal features in speech. A second fMRI experiment will measure brain responses to speech sounds that vary according to rapidly changing spectral features to identify neuroanatomical structures underlying the discrimination of stop-consonant phonemes. Results will provide important knowledge regarding the structure and function of the human auditory system, and will further elucidate the biological bases of speech and language. These data will provide an essential foundation for studying populations who suffer from auditory temporal deficits associated with speech and language function, including reading-impaired and elderly individuals. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Properly hearing the "timing" of events in speech is critical for speech understanding, and here we seek to understand how the brain is able to efficiently sort-out timing information in speech. This is an important question since auditory timing deficits have been seen in clinical populations with hearing and language impairments, including elderly and reading-impaired individuals. Understanding how the healthy brain sorts-out auditory timing information will help us understand brain deficits in these clinical populations.

描述（由申请人提供）：语音信号中的时间特征对于大多数语言中的正常语音感知至关重要。然而，在人类听觉系统中解码语音的时间要素的神经解剖学基础仍然难以捉摸。拟议工作的主要目标是检验一个有影响力的假设，该假设描述了中央听觉系统如何解码语音中的时间调制范围：150-300毫秒和20-50毫秒的时间调制范围：时间调制范围。为此，我们将使用新颖而强大的方法使用功能磁共振成像（MRI）来探测中央听觉功能。在一个实验中，功能性MRI将测量在这两个时间调节范围内各种语音刺激的大脑反应，以识别与语音中特定时间特征相关的神经解剖学“指纹”。第二个功能磁共振成像实验将测量大脑对语音的反应，这些言语随着迅速变化的光谱特征而变化，以识别歧视停止谐音音素的神经解剖结构。结果将提供有关人类听觉系统的结构和功能的重要知识，并将进一步阐明语音和语言的生物学基础。这些数据将为研究与语音和语言功能相关的听觉时间缺陷的人群（包括阅读受损和老年人）提供的基础。 公共卫生相关性：正确听到语音中事件的“时间”对于语音理解至关重要，在这里，我们试图了解大脑如何能够在语音中有效地解决时间表。这是一个重要的问题，因为在听力和语言障碍（包括老年人和阅读受损的人）的临床人群中，听觉时序缺陷已经存在。了解健康的大脑分类如何有助于我们了解这些临床人群中的大脑缺陷。