Enhancing Motivation for Physical Activity to Reduce the Risk of Falls

增强身体活动的动力以降低跌倒的风险

• 批准号: 8003309
• 负责人: Siobhan Kathleen McMahon
• 金额: $ 3.47万
• 依托单位: ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-19 至 2012-08-18
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8003309
• 关键词: Accident and Emergency department; Address; Admission activity; Adoption; Age; Behavior; Behavioral; Cessation of life; Communities; Confusion; Dependence; Elderly; Equilibrium; Fall prevention; Financial cost; Fracture; Gait; Health; Hospital Nursing; Immobilization; Incidence; Individual; Injury; Instruction; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Knowledge; Life; Maintenance; Measures; Mental Depression; Motivation; Muscle Weakness; Nursing Homes; Outcome; Pattern; Persons; Physical activity; Pilot Projects; Population; Preventive; Process; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Rural Community; Target Populations; Testing; United States; efficacy testing; fall risk; falls; fear of falling; fitness; frailty; innovation; programs; public health relevance; sedentary; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Unintentional falls among community-dwelling older adults are a common, serious and potentially preventable public health problem. In the United States, the annual incidence of fall related injuries per 100,000 persons was 4616 in 2001, rising to 5252 in 2008. The annual incidence of fall related deaths per 100,000 persons was 29.3 in 2000, rising to 41.86 in 2006. Older adults are particularly vulnerable to falls as they age. The consequences of falls are significant to both individuals and communities exerting a negative impact on the health of older adult populations. Potential consequences include fractures, fear of falling, emergency room, hospital and nursing home admissions, dependence, confusion, immobilization, depression, and death. Significant modifiable fall risk factors include muscle weakness, gait problems, and balance problems. While researchers have demonstrated the positive effects of fall preventive physical activity, the majority of older adults remain sedentary and the rate of falls continues to increase. Older adults participate in regular physical activity and fitness activities less often than younger populations; disparities are greater among older adults who are poor and living in rural communities. While knowledge about causes, risk factors, and efficacious physical activity to prevent falls has grown exponentially in the last several decades, bridging the gap between research and practice continues to be a challenge. As a strategy to address the gap between research and practice, the proposed study will utilize a tested theory, the wellness motivation theory, to address behavioral change in combination with instruction for physical activity. The target population of the proposed pilot intervention study includes rural community dwelling older adults, an understudied population in this field. Innovative measures of fall risk (balance) and physical activity patterning will include an accelerometer with remote sensitivity. Primary aims of the proposed pilot study include (a) examining acceptability and feasibility of the wellness motivation intervention, and (b) pilot testing the efficacy of the wellness motivation intervention to increase contextual resources, behavioral change process variables, the behavioral outcome of physical activity, and health outcome of fall risk reduction (increased balance and strength). The proposed study is the first step in a program of research focusing on the prevention of falls and frailty among older adults. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Unintentional falls among community-dwelling older adults are a common, serious, and potentially preventable public health problem. Researchers have demonstrated the positive effects of physical activity to prevent falls, yet the majority of older adults do not engage in everyday physical activity behaviors. The purpose of the proposed pilot study is to examine the efficacy, feasibility, and acceptability of an intervention that utilizes a behavioral change theory (the wellness motivation theory) to promote the adoption and maintenance of physical activities that reduce falls among rural community-dwelling older adults.

描述（由申请人提供）：居住在社区的老年人中无意间跌倒是一个常见，严重且可能可预防的公共卫生问题。在美国，2001年每100,000人的跌倒相关伤害的每年发生率为4616，2008年上升到5252。每100,000人的跌倒相关死亡人数年龄在2000年为29.3，2006年上升到41.86。跌倒的后果对个人和社区都对老年人人口的健康产生负面影响。潜在的后果包括骨折，恐惧，急诊室，医院和疗养院入院，依赖，混乱，固定，抑郁和死亡。明显的可修改秋季危险因素包括肌肉无力，步态问题和平衡问题。尽管研究人员证明了跌倒预防性体育锻炼的积极影响，但大多数老年人仍然久坐不动，跌倒率继续增加。与年轻人相比，老年人参加常规的体育锻炼和健身活动的频率少。在贫穷和居住在农村社区的老年人中，差异更大。尽管有关原因，危险因素和有效的身体活动的知识在过去几十年中呈指数增长，但弥合研究和实践之间的差距仍然是一个挑战。为了解决研究和实践之间差距的策略，拟议的研究将利用经过测试的理论，健康动机理论来解决行为变化与体育活动的指导相结合。拟议的试点干预研究的目标人群包括居住的农村社区，这是该领域的一个研究人口。跌落风险（平衡）和体育锻炼模式的创新度量将包括具有遥感的加速度计。拟议的试点研究的主要目的包括（a）检查健康动机干预的可接受性和可行性，以及（b）测试健康动机干预措施的疗效以增加上下文资源，行为变化过程变量，体育锻炼的行为结果以及降低风险降低风险的健康结果（增加平衡和强度）。拟议的研究是一项研究计划的第一步，重点是预防老年人跌倒和脆弱。 公共卫生相关性：居住在社区的老年人中无意间跌倒是一个普遍，严重且可能可预防的公共卫生问题。研究人员证明了体育活动对防止跌倒的积极影响，但大多数老年人并未从事日常体育锻炼行为。拟议的试点研究的目的是检查采用行为改变理论（健康动机理论）的干预措施的疗效，可行性和可接受性，以促进对体育活动的采用和维持，从而减少农村社区居住老年人的跌倒。