Spatial Self Boundary, Interpersonal Distance and Social Impairments in Schizophrenia

精神分裂症的空间自我边界、人际距离和社交障碍

• 批准号: 10374251
• 负责人: SOHEE PARK
• 金额: $ 70.55万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2027-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10374251
• 关键词: Awareness; Behavior; Behavioral; Buffers; Chronic; Complex; Cues; Disabled Persons; Disease; Emotional; Environment; Goals; Homeostasis; Impairment; Individual; Interpersonal Relations; Lead; Link; Loneliness; Measures; Mental disorders; Methodology; Methods; National Institute of Mental Health; Neurocognitive; Neurons; Participant; Pattern; Plant Roots; Prevalence; Process; Psychoses; Psychotic Disorders; Reaction Time; Regulation; Research Domain Criteria; Rest; Role; Schizophrenia; Social Behavior; Social Functioning; Social Interaction; Social isolation; Specific qualifier value; Tactile; Testing; To specify; disability; effective intervention; functional outcomes; interest; multisensory; neural correlate; neuroimaging; neurophysiology; neuropsychiatry; nonhuman primate; novel; phenomenological models; psychologic; relating to nervous system; social; social deficits; social factors; social space; tool; virtual reality; virtual reality environment

PROJECT SUMMARY Schizophrenia is a severe and debilitating psychotic disorder, characterized by disturbances of the basic sense of self and social disconnection throughout the course of illness. The proposed project aims to elucidate the impact of self-disturbances in social impairments by focusing on one core aspect of the bodily self, the self-other boundary. An implicit awareness of clearly defined self-boundary is a prerequisite for adaptive interactions with the external world. In individuals with schizophrenia, however, a disrupted self-other boundary complicates the process of distinguishing one’s own behaviors from those of others, thereby undermining social interactions. Loss of social opportunities often leads to social isolation, which further erodes interpersonal relationships and exacerbates self-disturbances, setting up a destructive cycle. Despite the chronicity and prevalence of self-disturbances and social impairments in schizophrenia, common mechanisms underlying disrupted self-other distinction and social impairments have not been extensively investigated. One major hurdle has been a lack of methodological tools to quantify the subjective phenomenology of self-disturbances. We will utilize novel behavioral methods and leverage the technological advances in immersive virtual reality (VR) to investigate two core aspects of self-other interactions in space: (1) the implicit multisensory action space around the self that determines one’s self-other boundary (peripersonal space); (2) the social construct of the interpersonal comfort space (interpersonal distance). To estimate the implicit self- boundary in our participants, we will implement a basic visuo-tactile integration paradigm in VR adapted from neurophysiological studies of multisensory neurons in nonhuman primates. To assess the social comfort space that determines interpersonal distance, we will use the stop-distance paradigm in VR. This approach will allow us to quantify the self-other boundary in the context of social interactions and link to their neural correlates. We will specify mechanisms that connect these constructs to identify more precise targets for treatment. Systematic examination of the peripersonal space and its relation to interpersonal distance regulation may be a first step towards identifying the role of self-disturbances in components of disrupted social behavior. This project will utilize mechanisms underlying multisensory integration processes to understand complex social behavior. Self‐disturbances are common features of a wide range of neuropsychiatric conditions. Indeed, all forms of psychiatric disorders may be conceptualized as maladies of disrupted social homeostasis between the self and the social world. Thus, this approach may be broadly applicable across multiple neuropsychiatric conditions that intersect with self-disorders and social impairments and will contribute towards the goals of the NIMH Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) strategy.

项目概要 精神分裂症是一种严重且使人衰弱的精神障碍，其特征是基本感觉障碍 拟议的项目旨在阐明整个疾病过程中自我和社会脱节的情况。 通过关注身体自我的一个核心方面，即自我他人，来消除自我干扰对社会障碍的影响 对明确界定的自我边界的内隐意识是适应性互动的先决条件。 然而，对于精神分裂症患者来说，自我与他人的界限被破坏，使得外部世界变得更加复杂。 将自己的行为与他人的行为区分开来的过程，从而破坏社会互动。 失去社交机会往往会导致社会孤立，从而进一步侵蚀人际关系和 加剧自我干扰，形成破坏性循环。 尽管精神分裂症患者的自我困扰和社交障碍长期存在且普遍存在，但 自我与他人区别被破坏和社会障碍的潜在机制尚未得到初步解决 调查的一个主要障碍是缺乏量化主观现象学的方法论工具。 我们将利用新颖的行为方法并利用技术进步。 沉浸式虚拟现实（VR）来研究空间中自我与他人互动的两个核心方面：（1）隐式 围绕自我的多感官行动空间，决定了自我与他人的边界（个人周围空间）（2）； 人际舒适空间的社会建构（人际距离） 估计内隐的自我。 边界在我们的参与者中，我们将在 VR 中实现一个基本的视觉-触觉集成范式，改编自 非人类灵长类动物多感觉神经元的神经生理学研究评估社会舒适空间。 决定人际距离的因素是，我们将在 VR 中使用停止距离范式。 我们在社交互动的背景下量化自我与他人的边界，并将其与我们的神经关联联系起来。 将指定连接这些结构的机制，以确定更精确的治疗目标。 对周围空间及其与人际距离调节的关系的系统检查可能是一个 该项目是确定自我干扰在扰乱社会行为的组成部分中的作用的第一步。 将利用多感官整合过程背后的机制来理解复杂的社会行为。 事实上，自我困扰是各种神经精神疾病的共同特征。 精神疾病可以被概念化为自我与他人之间的社会稳态被破坏的疾病。 因此，这种方法可能广泛适用于多种神经精神疾病。 与自我紊乱和社交障碍相交叉，并将有助于实现 NIMH 研究的目标 领域标准 (RDoC) 策略。