Adolescent ENDS Use, Nicotine Metabolism and Toxicant Exposure

青少年电子烟使用、尼古丁代谢和有毒物质暴露

基本信息

批准号：
9332356
负责人：
MARK L RUBINSTEIN
金额：
$ 23.78万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-08-15 至 2019-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9332356
关键词：
1-Butanol 17 year old Acrolein Acrylamides Address Adolescence Adolescent Adult Affect Age Anabasine Area Behavior Benzene Biological Breathing Butadiene Carcinogens Child Cigarette Cigarette Smoker Clinical Treatment Conflict (Psychology)Control Groups Cotinine Data Dependence Development Dose E-learning Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Electronic cigarette Enrollment Ethylene Oxide Exposure to Formaldehyde Frequencies Glycerol Hydrolysis Individual Internet Intervention Investigation Marketing Measurement Measures Mediator of activation protein Metabolism Mind Nicotine Nicotine Dependence Parents Pattern Poison Policy Maker Policy Making Population Prevalence Prevention Preventive Intervention Propylene Glycols Questionnaires Reporting Research Research Design Risk Risk Factors Safety Saliva Salivary Sampling Schools Smoke Solvents Teenagers Time Tobacco Toxicant exposure Urine Weaning Withdrawal Youth addiction age group aged carcinogenicity cigarette smoking design early experience environmental tobacco smoke exposure hydroxycotinine in vivo metabolic rate non-smoker non-smoking oxidation propylene oxide prospective public health relevance racial and ethnic racial diversity social social media toxicant uptake vapor web site

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The prevalence of electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) use among adolescents is increasing exponentially, with significant use among non-traditional cigarette (TC) smokers. It is imperative that we learn how ENDS affect adolescents because these products contain the addictive ingredient nicotine, so continued use is likely to promote dependence. Given the rapid uptake of ENDS among teens, there is a critical need to understand the safety of these products in adolescents, including 1) how use contributes to toxicant exposure and 2) identification of possible biologic mediators of usage and dependence, such as the nicotine metabolic rate. Objective: We will investigate the presence of toxicants and examine the influence of the rate of nicotine metabolism on use behaviors and nicotine dependence in adolescent ENDS-only users. Specific Aims: Investigate the level of toxicants including propylene oxide, acrolein, ethylene oxide, benzene, acrylamide, formaldehyde, and 1,3, butadiene found in adolescent ENDS-only users (AIM 1). Examine the association between the rate of nicotine metabolism measured by the salivary 3'hydroxycotinine/cotinine ratio and the frequency of ENDS use and reported dependence in adolescent ENDS-only users (AIM 2). Study Design: Using a cross-sectional design with 180 ENDS-only using adolescents (13-17 years of age) we will examine how ENDS use contributes to toxicant exposure. We will also assess whether an individual's rate of nicotine metabolism may be a biologic mediator of ENDS use and dependence. Urine samples will be analyzed for anabasine, NNAL and toxicant levels in ENDS-only users and a control group of 20 similarly aged adolescent non-smokers/non-ENDS users. ENDS behavior questionnaires and nicotine dependence scales will be administered. Saliva samples will be obtained for determination of the nicotine metabolic rate. ENDS-only usage will be verified by cotinine, and differentiated from TC exposure by the measurement of urine anabasine and NNAL. Significance: The use of ENDS has surpassed use of TC among adolescents. Because most adults addicted to TCs began during adolescence, it is essential that we understand the biological impact of ENDS use in adolescents, as we have done with TCs. The proposed study is an important step toward achieving this ultimate objective for several reasons. First, determining the in vivo toxicant load in adolescent ENDS users can provide vital prevention information for prospective users, policy makers and clinicians. Second, identifying biologic risk factors, such as the nicotine metabolic rate, that may promote heavier ENDS use and dependence is a step toward the development of successful prevention and ENDS cessation interventions in this age group. Results from this study will provide the necessary pilot data to pursue longitudinal investigations into patterns of adolescent ENDS use, toxicant exposure, and development of dependence.

描述（由申请人提供）：电子尼古丁传送系统 (ENDS) 在青少年中的使用率呈指数级增长，其中非传统卷烟 (TC) 吸烟者的使用量显着增加我们必须了解 ENDS 如何影响青少年，因为这些产品。含有成瘾成分尼古丁，因此持续使用可能会促进依赖性。鉴于青少年对电子尼古丁传送系统的快速吸收，迫切需要了解这些产品对青少年的安全性，包括青少年。 1) 使用如何导致毒物暴露，2) 识别可能的使用和依赖的生物介质，例如尼古丁代谢率目的：我们将调查毒物的存在并检查尼古丁代谢率对使用行为的影响。青少年仅使用 ENDS 的尼古丁依赖性具体目标：调查有毒物质的水平，包括环氧丙烷、丙烯醛、环氧乙烷、苯、丙烯酰胺、在仅使用 ENDS 的青少年中发现甲醛和 1,3, 丁二烯 (AIM 1) 检查通过唾液 3' 羟基可替宁/可替宁比率测量的尼古丁代谢率与青少年 ENDS 使用频率和报告的依赖之间的关联。仅使用 ENDS 的用户（AIM 2）：对 180 名仅使用 ENDS 的青少年（13-17 岁）进行横断面设计。我们将研究 ENDS 的使用如何导致毒物暴露。我们还将评估个体的尼古丁代谢率是否可能是 ENDS 使用和依赖的生物调节因素，并将分析仅使用 ENDS 的使用者的尿液样本中的新烟碱、NNAL 和毒物水平。对照组将接受 20 名年龄相近的非吸烟者/非 ENDS 使用者的 ENDS 行为调查问卷和尼古丁依赖量表唾液样本。所获得的用于确定尼古丁代谢率的数据将通过可替宁进行验证，并通过尿液新烟碱和 NNAL 的测量来与 TC 暴露进行区分。意义：在青少年中，ENDS 的使用已经超过了 TC 的使用。青少年时期就开始对 TC 成瘾，因此我们必须了解 ENDS 使用对青少年的生物学影响，就像我们对 TC 所做的那样。拟议的研究是实现这一目标的重要一步。首先，确定青少年 ENDS 使用者的体内毒物负荷可以为潜在使用者、政策制定者和忠实者提供重要的预防信息；其次，确定可能促进尼古丁代谢率的生物风险因素。大量使用电子尼古丁传送系统和依赖电子尼古丁传送系统是向该年龄组成功预防和停止电子尼古丁传送系统干预措施迈出的一步。这项研究的结果将为对青少年电子尼古丁传送系统使用、有毒物暴露和发展的模式进行纵向调查提供必要的试点数据。依赖性。