RISK FACTORS FOR ALCOHOLISM IN NATIVE AMERICANS

美洲原住民酗酒的危险因素

• 批准号: 7869233
• 负责人: CINDY L EHLERS
• 金额: $ 70.17万
• 依托单位: SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-09-26 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7869233
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Affective; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcoholism; Alcohols; American Indians; Anxiety; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Brain; Brain scan; Child; Clinical; Communities; Comorbidity; County; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Data Set; Death Rate; Dependence; Development; Disease; Electroencephalography; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic group; European; Exposure to; Family history of; Gender; Genes; Genetic; Goals; Indigenous; Investigation; Lead; Longitudinal Studies; Marijuana; Measures; Medical; Mental disorders; Mission; Native Americans; Neurobiology; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Phenotype; Population; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Prevalence; Prevention; Research; Research Personnel; Reservations; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Symptoms; Tribes; United States; Youth; adolescent alcohol; adolescent alcohol exposure; alcohol exposure; alcohol measurement; alcohol related problem; alcohol use disorder; alcohol use initiation; alcohol-related death; base; behavior measurement; binge drinking; design; drinking; early adolescence; experience; genetic analysis; high risk; neurobehavioral; neuropsychological; problem drinker; programs; psychological outcomes; psychosocial; social; treatment program; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): American Indians have historically experienced numerous problems with alcohol since its introduction into their culture by European settlers. Although tribes differ with regard to the use of alcohol Native Americans, as a group, have the highest alcohol-related death rates of all ethnic groups in the United States. However, how and why alcoholism is more prevalent in some Native American communities remains unclear. The overall objective of this research plan is to enhance understanding of the biological risk and protective factors related to alcohol dependence and alcohol-related problems in reservation dwelling Indians indigenous to San Diego county (collectively called Mission Indians). The studies proposed in this application include cross-sectional studies in Mission Indian adults and adolescents, as well as longitudinal studies in Native American children and adolescents. This design allows for the investigation of specific genetic and environmental risk factors existing both prior to alcohol exposure and during the development of drinking patterns. The four aims of the study are: 1) To find identifiable neurobiological factors in Native American youth who progress from alcohol use to abuse, and to dependence. 2) To document whether exposure to high levels of alcohol in adolescence lead to specific and detrimental medical and psychological outcomes. 3)To investigate whether Mission Indians have a unique clinical course of alcoholism or a specific pattern of co-morbidity with other psychiatric disorders. 4) To determine why Native American Mission Indian adults are at such high risk for alcoholism through the identification of genetic and environmental variables. These studies have the potential to verify whether Native Americans have any specific biological/genetic, psychosocial or behavioral factors that may help to explain the high risk for alcoholism within the tribes evaluated. The identification of such variables may potentially be useful in the development of specific prevention and treatment programs for this population as well as other Native American tribes.

描述（由申请人提供）：自从欧洲定居者引入其文化以来，美国印第安人一直遇到许多酒精问题。尽管部落在使用美国原住民的使用方面有所不同，但作为一个群体，在美国所有种族中，与酒精相关的死亡率最高。但是，在某些美洲原住民社区中，酒精中毒的方式以及为什么酗酒尚不清楚。该研究计划的总体目的是增强对与酒精依赖和酒精相关问题有关的生物学风险和保护因素的理解，而与圣地亚哥县土著居民（统称为Mission Indians”中的保留印第安人居住的印第安人。该应用程序中提出的研究包括在印度成年人和青少年任务的横断面研究，以及对美洲原住民儿童和青少年的纵向研究。这种设计允许研究在酒精暴露之前和饮酒方式发展之前存在的特定遗传和环境风险因素。该研究的四个目的是：1）在美国原住民青年中找到可识别的神经生物学因素，他们从饮酒到滥用和依赖。 2）记录在青春期中暴露于高水平的酒精含量是否会导致特定和有害的医学和心理结果。 3）调查印第安人的宣教是酗酒的独特临床过程，还是与其他精神病患者合并的特定模式。 4）确定为什么通过鉴定遗传和环境变量来确定印度成年人的酗酒风险如此之高。这些研究有可能验证美洲原住民是否具有任何特定的生物/遗传，社会心理或行为因素，这些因素可能有助于解释所评估的部落中酒精中毒的高风险。此类变量的识别可能有可能在为该人群以及其他美国原住民部落的特定预防和治疗计划的制定中有用。