Identifying Patterns of BMI Development and Associated Behavioral, Social, Environmental, Genetic, and Biological Factors for Children from 3-10 Years

确定 3-10 岁儿童的 BMI 发展模式以及相关行为、社会、环境、遗传和生物因素

• 批准号: 10713863
• 负责人: Robert G Weaver
• 金额: $ 63.16万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-20 至 2028-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10713863
• 关键词: 10 year old; Acceleration; Affect; Age; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Factors; Body Patterning; Body mass index; Body measure procedure; Calendar; Case Study; Child; Darkness; Data; Deceleration; Development; Dietary intake; Environmental Risk Factor; Excision; Functional disorder; Genetic; Guidelines; Height; Intervention; Knowledge; Light; Link; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Nursery Schools; Obesity; Outcome; Pattern; Physical activity; Predisposition; Process; Protocols documentation; Psychopathology; Public Health; Research; Risk; Sampling; Schools; Seasons; Sleep; Standardization; Structure; Time; Variant; Weight; Weight Gain; Work; body map; circadian; cohort; critical period; design; falls; fifth grade; innovation; insight; kindergarten; lens; novel; obesity in children; obesogenic; recruit; second grade; sedentary; sex; social; social factors; social relationships; theories; tv watching

Summer (i.e., May-August) is a period of accelerated BMI gain that leads to increases in childhood obesity. Two theories may explain accelerated summer BMI gain. The Circadian and Circannual Rhythm Model (CCRM) posits that BMI gain during summer is biologically driven by the shifting light-dark cycle, with BMI gain accelerating during the summer when days are longer and weight gain outpaces height gain and decelerating during the winter when days are shorter and height gain outpaces weight gain. The Structured Days Hypothesis (SDH) proposes that accelerations in BMI gain during the summer are due to the removal of the structured school day (i.e., school vs no school during summer) which influences children’s engagement in key obesogenic behaviors (physical activity, sedentary/screen time, dietary intake, and sleep). Breaks throughout the school year (1-week fall break, 2-week winter break, 1-week spring break) may also cause accelerated BMI gain. Current accelerated BMI gain research is focused exclusively on summer vs. school year comparisons. These studies measure children in the spring (May prior to summer) and fall (August following summer) exclusively, allowing only for comparisons of BMI gain between the 3 months of summer and the other 9 months of the year. It does not allow for the measure of decelerations in BMI gain predicted by the CCRM during the winter, nor does it allow for the measure of accelerations in BMI gain during the fall, winter, and spring breaks predicted by the SDH. This is a critical limitation in our understanding of WHEN childhood obesity occurs and HOW to treat it. This study will overcome these limitations by identifying monthly patterns in the accelerations and decelerations of children’s height, weight, and BMI gain and the associated behavioral, social, environmental, and biological determinates. We will recruit 3 cohorts (3K, Kindergarten, and Second grade) of 200 children (600 children in total) to participate in a cohort-sequential design. We will collect BMI monthly; obesogenic behaviors (physical activity, sedentary/screen time, dietary intake, and sleep) in the spring, summer, fall, and winter; and social, environmental, and biological information over three years for each cohort. The cohort-sequential design will allow us to map BMI development and seasonal shifts in behaviors 3K to 5th grade. We will accomplish the following specific aims: Aim 1: Identify monthly variations in height, weight, and BMI change in a large and diverse cohort of children (3K to 5th grade, N=600). Aim 2: Examine the relationship between monthly patterns of height, weight, and BMI change with seasonal (fall, winter, spring, summer) patterns in obesogenic behaviors. Aim 3 Exploratory: Examine the relationship of social, environmental, and biological factors with patterns in behaviors and variations in height, weight, and BMI z-score change. This project is significant because it fills a major gap (monthly patterns of BMI z-score gain) in the knowledge about the development of childhood obesity, a widespread public health crisis. This project is innovative because it will be among the first studies to measure BMI gain monthly along with the associated behavioral, social, environmental, and biological determinates that predict accelerated/decelerated BMI gain.

夏季（即 5 月至 8 月）是 BMI 加速增长的时期，导致儿童肥胖率增加 2。 理论可以解释夏季 BMI 加速增长的原因。 夏季期间 BMI 的增加在生物学上是由明暗周期的变化驱动的，夏季期间 BMI 的增加会加速 夏季白天较长，体重增长超过身高增长，冬季则体重增长减慢 白天变短，身高增加超过体重增加。结构化日假说 (SDH) 提出： 夏季 BMI 增加的加速是由于取消了结构化的上课日（即学校与 夏季不上学），这会影响儿童参与关键的肥胖行为（体力活动、 整个学年的休息时间（1 周秋季休息时间，2 周休息时间）。 寒假、1 周春假）也可能导致 BMI 加速增长，目前的研究显示 BMI 加速增长。 这些研究仅关注夏季与学年的比较，对春季（五月）的儿童进行测量。 仅在夏季之前）和秋季（夏季之后的 8 月）之间进行比较，仅允许比较 BMI 增益 夏季的 3 个月和一年中的其他 9 个月不允许测量减速。 CCRM 预测冬季期间的 BMI 增加，也不允许测量 BMI 增加的加速 SDH 预测的秋季、冬季和春季假期期间，这是我们理解的一个关键限制。 儿童肥胖何时发生以及如何治疗该研究将通过确定来克服这些限制。 儿童身高、体重和体重指数增长的每月加速和减速模式以及 相关的行为、社会、环境和生物决定因素。我们将招募 3 个队列（3K、 幼儿园、二年级）200名儿童（总共600名儿童）参与队列序贯设计。 我们将每月收集体重指数；体力活动、久坐/屏幕时间、饮食摄入量和 睡眠）春、夏、秋、冬；以及三年内的社会、环境和生物信息 队列序贯设计将使我们能够绘制每个队列的 BMI 发展和季节性变化。 3K 至 5 年级的行为 我们将实现以下具体目标： 目标 1：识别身高的每月变化， 目标 2：检查大量不同儿童（3K 至五年级，N=600）的体重和 BMI 变化。 身高、体重和体重指数的每月变化模式与季节（秋季、冬季、春季、夏季）之间的关系 目标 3 探索性：检查社会、环境和生物的关系。 行为模式以及身高、体重和 BMI z 分数变化的因素 该项目意义重大。 因为它填补了关于发展的知识的一个主要空白（BMI z 分数增益的每月模式） 儿童肥胖是一种广泛的公共卫生危机，该项目具有创新性，因为它将成为首批项目之一。 研究测量每月体重指数增加以及相关的行为、社会、环境和生物 确定预测加速/减速 BMI 增益。