Neural Reactivity to Stress

神经对压力的反应

• 批准号: 7845775
• 负责人: Peter J Gianaros
• 金额: $ 19.75万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7845775
• 关键词: Accounting; Acute; Amygdaloid structure; Anterior; Area; Atherosclerosis; Base of the Brain; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Genetics; Behavioral Medicine; Biological; Blood; Blood Pressure; Brain; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Carotid Arteries; Carotid Atherosclerotic Disease; Cessation of life; Clinical; Communities; Coronary heart disease; Coupling; Dorsal; Early treatment; Etiology; Event; Exhibits; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Health; Human; Hyperactive behavior; Individual; Individual Differences; Insula of Reil; Lead; Life; Link; Longevity; Midbrain structure; Modification; Morbidity - disease rate; Myocardial Infarction; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institute of Mental Health; Neural Pathways; Neurosecretory Systems; Participant; Pattern; Peripheral; Persons; Phenotype; Platelet Factor 4; Play; Preventive Intervention; Process; Protocols documentation; Psychological Stress; Public Health; Reaction; Regulation; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Signal Transduction; Specific qualifier value; Stress; Symptoms; System; Testing; Thick; Time; To specify; Ultrasonography; Woman; aged; blood oxygen level dependent; blood oxygenation level dependent response; cardiovascular risk factor; cingulate cortex; depressive symptoms; design; disability; heart disease risk; high risk; indexing; intima media; men; mind body interaction; neural patterning; neuroimaging; novel; pre-clinical; premature; psychologic; psychological stressor; psychosocial; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; stressor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A person's tendency to show exaggerated blood pressure reactions to acute psychological stressors is associated with an increased risk for preclinical atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries, which is a known predictor of premature disability and death by coronary heart disease. However, the neural pathways that link psychological stress to exaggerated blood pressure reactivity and risk for carotid atherosclerosis in humans are unknown. Supported by preliminary results, this project tests the central hypothesis that exaggerated blood pressure reactivity to psychological stress and greater preclinical carotid atherosclerosis are commonly associated with stress-induced hyperactivity in a network of brain systems that both process psychological stressors and regulate autonomic, neuroendocrine, and cardiovascular activity. These brain systems include functional subdivisions of the cingulate cortex, insula, and amygdala. To test specific predictions of this central hypothesis, three specific aims will be evaluated in a representative community sample of 75 men and 75 women (aged 30-50 years) who are asymptomatic for clinical cardiovascular disease and who are well characterized for known and emerging demographic, anthropometric, biological, and psychosocial cardiovascular risk factors. Participants will complete a battery of psychological stress tasks to elicit blood pressure reactivity in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) session; they will also complete a non-invasive carotid ultrasound protocol to assess preclinical atherosclerosis. Aim 1 tests the prediction that exaggerated blood pressure reactivity to the stressor battery will be associated with a greater activation (as revealed by greater fMRI blood oxygen level-dependent [BOLD] responses) in the perigenual, dorsal, and posterior cingulate cortex, the anterior insula, and the amygdala. Aim 2 tests the prediction that greater activation in these brain systems to the stressor battery, but not to a non-stressor control task, will be associated with more preclinical atherosclerosis (as indicated by greater carotid intima-media thickness) after accounting for other cardiovascular risk factors. Aim 3 tests the prediction that stressor-induced activation in these brain systems is a stable response tendency of individuals, as determined by the test-retest reliability of stressor-induced fMRI BOLD responses in 30 participants who will be tested in 2 repeat fMRI sessions separated by 8 weeks. Health-related significance: The proposed study is designed to specify the neural pathways that may link psychological stress to exaggerated cardiovascular reactivity and preclinical atherosclerosis. The information provided by this study may reveal a novel stress-related neural phenotype that could be targeted by brain-based interventions for early modification in pre-symptomatic people at high risk for coronary heart disease. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Submitted in response to PA-07-046: Research on Mind-Body Interactions and Health. The broad objective of this project is to delineate the human brain systems that centrally link individual differences in cardiovascular reactions to stress and risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). From a public health perspective, it is important to delineate these brain systems to (1) understand the neural pathways by which psychological stress leads to cardiovascular reactions that may increase CHD risk and (2) identify markers of stress-related neural activity that could be objectively identified and possibly targeted for early modification in people at risk for future CHD.

描述（由申请人提供）：一个人表现出对急性心理压力源的夸大血压反应的趋势与颈动脉动脉临床前动脉粥样硬化的风险增加有关，这是冠心病过早残疾和死亡的已知预测指标。但是，将心理压力与夸张的血压反应性和颈动脉粥样硬化的风险联系起来的神经途径尚不清楚。在初步结果的支持下，该项目检验了一个中心假设，即夸张的血压反应对心理压力和更大的临床前颈动脉粥样硬化通常与应激诱导的脑系统网络中的压力诱导的多动症有关，这些网络既可以处理心理压力源和调节自主教，神经内分泌和神经内分泌，以及神经内分泌以及神经内分泌，以及心血管活动。这些大脑系统包括扣带回皮质，岛和杏仁核的功能细分。为了测试该中心假设的具体预测，将在75名男性和75名女性（30-50岁）的代表性社区样本中评估三个特定目标，这些样本无症状，这些妇女无症状，这些临床心血管疾病无症状，并且以已知和新兴的人群为特征，人体测量，生物学和心理心血管危险因素。参与者将完成一系列心理压力任务，以在功能磁共振成像（fMRI）会议上引起血压反应性；他们还将完成一种非侵入性颈动脉超声方案，以评估临床前动脉粥样硬化。 AIM 1测试了以下预测：夸张的对应激电池的血压反应性将与更大的激活有关（如较大的fMRI血液氧依赖性[BOLD]反应[BOLD]的反应），前侧和后扣带皮质，前侧cotterex，岛和杏仁核。 AIM 2测试以下预测：在考虑其他心血管血管库后，这些大脑系统中的更大激活将与更临床前的动脉粥样硬化（如大颈动脉内膜膜厚度）相关联，而不是应力控制任务，而不是进行非压力控制任务。风险因素。 AIM 3测试了以下预测：这些大脑系统中应激源引起的激活是个体的稳定响应趋势，这取决于应激源诱导的fMRI fIMRI BOLD反应的重测可靠性，其中30名参与者将在2个重复fMRI疗程中进行测试，而分隔了2个重复fMRI会议。到8周。与健康相关的意义：拟议的研究旨在指定可能将心理压力与夸张的心血管反应性和临床前动脉粥样硬化联系起来的神经途径。这项研究提供的信息可能揭示了一种与压力相关的新型神经表型，该表型可以由基于大脑的干预措施作为针对冠心病风险高风险的症状的早期修饰的针对性。公共卫生相关性：响应PA-07-046的响应：关于思维互动和健康的研究。该项目的广泛目的是描绘人脑系统，这些人脑系统将心血管反应的个体差异与压力和冠心病风险（CHD）联系起来。从公共卫生的角度来看，重要的是要描绘这些大脑系统以（1）了解心理压力导致心血管反应的神经途径可能会增加CHD风险，并且（2）确定与压力相关的神经活动的标记，这可能是可能是客观地确定并可能针对有未来CHD风险的人的早期修改。