Vascular toxicities of environmental tobacco particulates in children

环境烟草颗粒对儿童的血管毒性

• 批准号: 7894959
• 负责人: John Anthony Bauer
• 金额: $ 18.28万
• 依托单位: RESEARCH INST NATIONWIDE CHILDREN'S HOSP
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-16 至 2012-07-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7894959
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Age; Animals; Appearance; Arterial Injury; Blood Vessels; Blood flow; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Cell Count; Cellular biology; Cessation of life; Child; Child Nutrition; Child health care; Childhood; Chronic; Coronary Arteriosclerosis; Country; Development; Disease; Endothelial Cells; Environment; Environmental Tobacco Smoke; Equation; Flow Cytometry; Forearm; Functional disorder; Goals; Growth Factor; Health; Heart; Heart Diseases; Hemostatic function; Inflammation; Injury; Investigation; Label; Link; Lipids; Maintenance; Measures; Medical; Metabolic; Modeling; Obesity; Outpatients; Overweight; Oxidative Stress; PTPRC gene; Particulate; Patients; Pediatric Hospitals; Performance; Pilot Projects; Plasma; Plethysmography; Population; Population Research; Positioning Attribute; Prevalence; Primary Health Care; Public Health; Recruitment Activity; Regression Analysis; Research; Research Infrastructure; Risk Factors; Smoke; Statistical Data Interpretation; Stem cells; Stress; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco smoke; Toxic effect; United States; Weight; adiponectin; blood lipid; cell type; design; improved; in vivo; inflammatory marker; innovation; non-smoker; obesity in children; oxidation; pandemic disease; public health relevance; respiratory; response; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Links between environment tobacco smoke (ETS) and cardiovascular diseases in adults are well established. Many forms of chronic cardiovascular disease are initiated in childhood and/or young adulthood, and at least one quarter of children in the United States are exposed to ETS. In addition to ETS, childhood overweight and obesity (affecting about one-third of the pediatric population) is an important independent risk factor associated with cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Several recent studies in adult humans and animals suggest that obesity is a setting of chronic systemic inflammation, leading to metabolic and cardiovascular consequences. Although ETS, adiposity and inflammation often co-exist in children, their relationships and their impact on vascular performance prior to adult disease have not been addressed. Our hypothesis is that inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress caused by ETS are potentiated by obesity and effect vascular function in children. The overall goal is to improve the health of children and adults through research on the early development of cardiovascular disease, especially in the presence of ETS. Our aims are to: 1. Test the hypothesis that ETS induced vascular dysfunction in children is magnified in the presence of obesity. ETS-exposed and unexposed children ages 9-18 will be recruited. Children with normal BMI (<85% per age) and elevated BMI (>95% per age) will be studied in parallel. Forearm blood flow (FBF) will be determined by plethysmography as an assessment of endothelial performance in vivo. Vascular performance will be investigated in relation to vascular responses, blood lipids, inflammation markers, adiponectin, oxidative stress, and endothelial injury. 2. Test the hypothesis that circulating levels of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) are predicted by ETS exposures in children and that obesity magnifies this effect. EPC counts will be determined in normal weight and obese youth and adolescents (both exposed and unexposed to ETS) by flow cytometry. EPC concentrations will be related to vascular responses, blood lipids, inflammation markers, adiponectin, oxidative stress, and endothelial injury. Relationships between degree and duration of ETS exposure and measured endpoints will be determined with covariate regression analyses and preliminary structural equation modeling. Defining the relationship and mechanisms of multi-risk factors (ETS and obesity) for cardiovascular disease in childhood as a result of this study will have significant implications for child and adult health. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The scientific links between environment tobacco smoke (ETS) and heart diseases, the number one killer in the country, in adults are well established. The relationship between ETS exposure and damage to the heart and blood vessels during childhood has not been studied. Meanwhile, childhood obesity has recently been described as the "new pandemic of the new millennium" and also has negative effects on heart health. The objective of this study is to define the relationship between ETS, obesity, and blood vessel function in children. A result of this study will have significant implications for child and adult health.

描述（由申请人提供）：成人烟草烟雾（ETS）与心血管疾病之间的联系已良好。许多形式的慢性心血管疾病是在童年和/或成年期开始的，在美国，至少有四分之一的儿童暴露于ETS。除ETS外，童年的超重和肥胖症（影响小儿人口的三分之一）是成年期与心血管疾病相关的重要独立危险因素。对成年人和动物的一些最新研究表明，肥胖是慢性全身性炎症的设置，导致代谢和心血管后果。尽管ETS，肥胖和炎症经常在儿童中共存，但他们的关系及其对成人疾病之前血管表现的影响尚未得到解决。我们的假设是，ETS引起的炎症，内皮功能障碍和氧化应激受到儿童的肥胖和作用血管功能的增强。总体目标是通过研究心血管疾病的早期发展，尤其是在ETS存在的情况下，改善儿童和成人的健康。我们的目的是：1。检验以下假设：在肥胖存在下，ETS诱导的儿童血管功能障碍会放大。 ETS暴露和未暴露的9-18岁儿童将被招募。 BMI正常（<85％）和BMI升高（> 95％）的儿童将并行研究。前臂血流（FBF）将通过体内内皮性能的评估来确定。血管性能将与血管反应，血脂，炎症标记，脂联素，氧化应激和内皮损伤有关。 2。检验以下假设：内皮祖细胞（EPC）的循环水平通过儿童的ETS暴露预测，肥胖会放大这种作用。 EPC计数将通过流式细胞仪以正常体重和肥胖的青少年和青少年（均暴露于ET的暴露和未暴露）确定。 EPC浓度将与血管反应，血脂，炎症标记，脂联素，氧化应激和内皮损伤有关。 ETS暴露和测量终点的程度与持续时间之间的关系将通过协方差回归分析和初步结构方程建模确定。由于这项研究，定义多风险因素（ETS和肥胖症）对心血管疾病的关系和机制将对儿童和成人健康产生重大影响。公共卫生相关性：环境烟雾烟（ETS）与心脏病之间的科学联系，该国排名第一的杀手在成年人中已经建立了良好。尚未研究ETS暴露与儿童时期对心脏和血管的损害之间的关系。同时，儿童肥胖最近被描述为“新千年的新大流行”，对心脏健康也有负面影响。这项研究的目的是定义儿童ET，肥胖和血管功能之间的关系。这项研究的结果将对儿童和成人健康产生重大影响。

项目成果

Secondhand smoke exposure and hair nicotine in children: age-dependent differences.

儿童二手烟暴露和头发尼古丁：年龄依赖性差异。

• DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntr269
• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
• 作者: Groner,JudithA;Huang,Hong;Nicholson,Lisa;Kuck,Jennifer;Boettner,Bethany;Bauer,JohnA
• 通讯作者: Bauer,JohnA