Examining differential effects of state equality-promoting policies on harmful alcohol use among sexual and gender minority adults in the U.S.: an econometrics approach for causal inference

检查州促进平等政策对美国性少数和性别少数成年人有害饮酒的不同影响：因果推断的计量经济学方法

• 批准号: 10752039
• 负责人: Caitlin Marie Turner
• 金额: $ 3.97万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10752039
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohols; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Data; Disparity; Educational Status; Employment; Environment; Gender; Gender Role; General Population; Goals; Housing; Individual Differences; Intervention; Laws; Lesbian Gay Bisexual; Libido; Link; Literature; Measures; Mentorship; Methods; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Names; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Policies; Population; Research; Research Personnel; Services; Sex Orientation; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Social Policies; Specific qualifier value; Strategic Planning; Variant; Woman; alcohol consequences; alcohol research; binge drinking; career; cisgender; disparity reduction; econometrics; evidence base; gender minority; gender minority group; gender minority health; gender minority health disparity; hate crimes; indexing; men; minority disparity; minority stress; mortality; public policy on alcohol; sex assigned at birth; sexual minority; sexual minority disparity; sexual minority men; sexual minority women; skills; social determinants; social stigma; training opportunity; transgender men; transgender women

ABSTRACT/SUMMARY Hazardous alcohol use and binge drinking, the deadliest form of excessive alcohol use1-3, are substantially more prevalent among sexual and gender minority adults compared to their cisgender straight counterparts4-11. Minority stress from structural stigma drives sexual and gender minority health disparities12-16, but its potential effect on binge drinking and hazardous alcohol use has yet to be rigorously examined. Structural stigma is potentially amenable to intervention by equality-promoting policies at the state level that explicitly name sexual and gender minority people as protected classes in employment, housing, public accommodations, and other essential services17. The extent to which changes in state equality-promoting policies relate to changes in binge drinking and hazardous alcohol use for sexual and gender minority adults compared to their cisgender straight counterparts is unknown and the focus of the proposed study. This study aims to evaluate differential effects of state equality-promoting policies (Aim 1) and key policy domains (Aim 2) on binge drinking and hazardous alcohol use among sexual and gender minority adults. Non- randomized variation in state equality-promoting policies necessitates the application of advanced econometrics methods. To rigorously estimate effects and make causal inferences, triple differences models and identifiability assumptions will be specified to analyze nationally representative data18 on over 72,000 sexual and gender minority adults linked with indices of state equality-promoting policies19 from 2014-2022. The landscape of equality-promoting policies for sexual and gender minority people is ever evolving. This study will offer a timely evidence base to inform needed structural interventions that reduce alcohol-related morbidity and mortality among sexual and gender minority populations. With support from a premier mentorship team, the applicant will build skills in (1) advanced econometrics methods for causal inference, (2) alcohol research and social determinants of harmful alcohol use, and (3) identification of relevant and actionable social policies that influence sexual and gender minority health. Achievement of these training goals will launch the applicant’s career as a successful, independent researcher.

摘要/摘要 危险的酒精使用和暴饮暴食，是多余的酒精使用的最致命形式1-3，基本上是 与Cisgender Drights4-11相比，性少数族裔和性别少数成年人中的普遍性更高。 结构性污名产生的少数压力驱动性和性别少数族裔健康差异12-16，但其潜力 尚未严格检查对暴饮暴食和危险饮酒的影响。 结构性污名可能会通过在州一级促进平等政策的干预措施来进行干预。 明确将性和性别少数人称为就业，住房，公众的受保护阶级 住宿和其他基本服务17。国家平等促进的变化程度 政策与性别和性别少数成年人的暴饮暴食和危险酒精使用有关 与他们的顺式直接对应物相比，尚不清楚，并且是拟议研究的重点。 这项研究旨在评估国家平等促进政策（AIM 1）和关键政策的差异影响 性别和性别少数成年人中饮酒和危险酒精使用的领域（目标2）。非- 国家平等促进政策的随机变化必要 经济学方法。严格估计效果并做出因果推断，三重差异模型 并将指定识别假设以分析全国代表数据18以上的数据18 性别和性别少数族裔成年人与2014 - 2022年的国家平等政策指数有关。 性别和性别少数人的促进平等政策的景观正在发展。这项研究 将提供及时的证据基础，以告知所需的结构性干预措施，以减少与酒精有关的发病率 性别和性别少数群体的死亡率。在一支高超的Mentalship团队的支持下， 申请人将在（1）因果推理的发达经济学方法中建立技能，（2）酒精研究 和有害饮酒的社会决定者，以及（3）确定相关和可行的社会政策 这会影响性别和性别少数群体健康。实现这些培训目标将启动 申请人作为成功的独立研究人员的职业。