Probing the Biophysical Basis of Large-Scale Brain Dynamics Using Simultaneous PET/fMRI and EEG/PET/fMRI

使用同步 PET/fMRI 和 EEG/PET/fMRI 探索大规模脑动力学的生物物理基础

• 批准号: 10619126
• 负责人: Jingyuan Chen
• 金额: $ 24.76万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-15 至 2025-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10619126
• 关键词: Address; Alzheimer' s Disease; Arousal; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Binding; Biophysics; Blood Vessels; Brain; Brain Mapping; Brain region; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; Coupled; Disease; Dissociation; Dopamine; Electroencephalography; Exhibits; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Glucose; Goals; Grant; Health; Human; Length; Link; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Mentors; Metabolic; Methodology; Modality; Nature; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neuromodulator; Neurons; Neurosciences; Norepinephrine; Outcome; Pathologic; Pattern; Physiology; Population; Positron-Emission Tomography; Process; Protocols documentation; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Rest; Sampling; Scanning; Schizophrenia; Sensitivity and Specificity; Series; Signal Transduction; Specificity; Stimulus; Structure; Syndrome; Techniques; Time; Training; Translational Research; Variant; Visual; blood oxygen level dependent; career; clinical biomarkers; clinical translation; cognitive task; cost; fluorodeoxyglucose; functional magnetic resonance imaging/electroencephalography; glucose metabolism; hemodynamics; innovation; interest; multimodality; neural; neurochemistry; neuroimaging; neuron component; neurophysiology; neuroregulation; novel; programs; signal processing; skills; statistics; stem; tool; vascular factor

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been broadly employed to map large-scale brain dynamics in healthy and diseased populations. Withal its high spatial localization and accessibility to deep brain structures, fMRI suffers from several key limitations, including its vulnerability to systemic physiology and inaccessibility to various neuromodulatory processes, that hinder its use in deciphering the fundamental neurophysiological basis of large-scale brain dynamics. The innovation of this proposal lies in the addition to fMRI of concurrent PET imaging, a modality with higher neuronal specificity and accessibility to a myriad of metabolic and neurochemical processes, to address the essential limitations of fMRI, being an indirect marker of neural activity. Functional PET (fPET) is a recently innovated technique with the potential to track functionally relevant metabolic changes. Specifically, we will first pioneer an analytical framework to link large-scale brain dynamics with concurrent fPET signals; then as a first application, employ this framework to illuminate the neuronal changes linked with naturalistic arousal fluctuations and the metabolic underpinnings of complex network behavior. The outcomes of this proposal will lay the foundation for a long-term independent research program that employs this novel multi-modal technique to probe various neuronal, vascular, energetic and neuromodulatory mechanisms underlying large-scale brain dynamics, and ultimately identifies how disruption of any facets of these mechanisms leads to various pathological syndromes. This candidate has in-depth training in signal processing, statistics, state-of-the-art fMRI and concurrent EEG/fMRI methodology. With additional training in advanced PET methodology, multi-modal integration, neuroscience as well as clinical translational research skills enabled by this grant mechanism, she will be well versed to begin an independent career focusing on 1) developing analytical toolsets to facilitate the application of advanced neuroimaging techniques; and 2) integrating multi- faceted functional information to investigate the biophysical underpinnings of large-scale brain functional dynamics in health and disease.

功能磁共振成像（fMRI）已广泛用于绘制健康和患病种群中的大规模脑动力学。 fMRI凭借其高空间定位和对深脑结构的可及性，受到了几个关键局限性，包括其对系统生理的脆弱性和对各种神经调节过程的无法访问，这阻碍了其在大型大脑动力学的基本神经生理基础上的使用。该提案的创新在于并发同时使用PET成像的fMRI，一种具有较高神经元特异性的模式以及对无数代谢和神经化学过程的可访问性，以解决FMRI的基本局限性，是神经活动的低调标记。功能PET（FPET）是一种最近创新的技术，具有跟踪与功能相关的代谢变化的潜力。具体而言，我们将首先先驱一个分析框架，以将大规模的大脑动力学与并发的FPET信号联系起来。然后，作为第一个应用程序，采用该框架来阐明与自然主义唤醒波动和复杂网络行为的代谢基础相关的神经元变化。该提案的结果将奠定长期独立研究计划的基础，该计划采用这种新型的多模式技术来探测大型大脑动力学的各种神经元，血管，能量和神经调节机制，并最终确定如何破坏这些机制的各种机制导致各种病理学综合征。该候选人在信号处理，统计数据，最先进的fMRI和并发EEG/FMRI方法方面进行了深入的培训。通过对该赠款机制启用的高级PET方法论，多模式整合，神经科学以及临床翻译研究技能的额外培训，她将精通独立职业，重点关注1）开发分析工具集以促进高级神经影像学技术的应用； 2）整合多个功能信息，以研究健康和疾病中大型大脑功能动态的生物物理基础。