Greater Caribbean Center for Ciguatera Research

大加勒比雪卡研究中心

基本信息

批准号：
10443682
负责人：
Michael Parsons
金额：
$ 5.63万
依托单位：
FLORIDA GULF COAST UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-30 至 2024-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10443682
关键词：
Abdominal Pain Affect Alabama Bradycardia Caribbean region Cell Wall Cells Cellular biology Ciguatera Poisoning Ciguatoxins Communities Consumption Coupled Detection Development Diagnosis Diarrhea Dinophyceae Disease Disease Outbreaks Dysesthesias Educational Activities Event Exposure to Fisheries Fishes Florida Flowers Food Webs Frequencies Future Gambierdiscus Geography Goals Growth High temperature of physical object Hypotension Institution Ion Channel Gating Island Laboratories Link Lipids Louisiana Malignant Neoplasms Measures Medical Membrane Metabolic Biotransformation Metabolism Mexico Molecular Movement Muscle Myalgia Nature Nausea Nerve Nerve Tissue Neurologic Signs Neurologic Symptoms Neurotoxins Oceanography Output Permeability Persons Physiological Play Prevention Process Production Pruritus Public Health Puerto Rico Recreation Research Research Project Grants Rest Risk Role Science Scientist Sea Seafood Secure Stress Surface Symptoms Temperature Testing Tetrodotoxin Texas Toxic effect Toxin Translating United States United States Virgin Islands Universities Vomiting Vulnerable Populations Water Work bioaccumulation climate change community engagement contaminated fish coral economic impact experience exposed human population gastrointestinal symptom genotoxicity gulf coast marine mortality neuronal excitability novel organizational structure response seafood poisoning sodium ion synergism toxic algae voltage

项目摘要

Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is the most common form of phycotoxin-borne seafood illness across the globe, affecting tens of thousands of people annually. CFP is caused by the consumption of seafood (primarily reef fish) contaminated with ciguatoxins. Gambiertoxins, precursors of ciguatoxins produced by the (sub)tropical benthic dinoflagellate genus Gambierdiscus, enter reef food webs when herbivores and detritivores consume Gambierdiscus directly or indirectly by grazing on macroalgae. These precursor molecules are transferred to higher trophic levels by bioaccumulation, bioconversion and biomagnification until they reach predatory finfish species that are targeted in many commercial and recreational fisheries. When people subsequently consume the contaminated fish, they are exposed to the toxins, thereby experiencing CFP. Historically, CFP outbreaks have been linked with warm water temperatures and coral reef impacts, both of which are expected to increase in the setting of climate change. Consequently, CFP is predicted to increase on geographic and temporal scales. For example, although CFP is endemic to the Caribbean, the Florida Keys, and South Florida, CFP appears to be expanding northwards into the Gulf of Mexico, highlighted by the recent identification of toxic fish in the Flower Garden Marine Sanctuary off of the Texas/Louisiana coast. Ciguatoxin is a novel type of voltage-gated ion channel toxin. In nerve tissues, ciguatoxin causes a tetrodotoxin-sensitive increase in sodium ion permeability and depolarization of the resting membrane. Depending on the magnitude of the depolarization, the consequence can be an increase in excitability of the neuronal membrane or a depolarizing type of conduction block at high concentrations. The onset of CFP is typically characterized by gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms and signs typically persist for days to weeks, with vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, dysesthesia, pruritus, myalgia being common. Severe cases of ciguatera may involve hypotension and bradycardia, but fatalities are rare. Occasionally, neurological signs may persist for several months. Remarkably, the diagnosis of ciguatera is still largely dependent on the astuteness of the clinician. In the absence of a confirmatory laboratory test, a sizable proportion of cases still go undiagnosed and unreported. The enigmatic nature of CFP events, coupled with a lack of sustained scientific research on the environmental and physiological factors that contribute to outbreaks, has hindered progress in the development of management strategies to protect people against exposure to ciguatoxins. The purpose of this project, therefore, is to establish a Greater Caribbean Center for Ciguatera Research to 1) examine the role climate change may play in the geographic and temporal expansion of CFP into more temperate latitudes; 2) obtain a better understanding of the toxic metabolites produced by certain Gambierdiscus strains, and the subsequent transfer and biotransformation of these compounds into coastal/reef food webs; and 3) study the genotoxicity and impacts on cellular metabolism caused by these toxins upon exposure.

雪卡鱼中毒（CFP）是全球最常见的藻毒素传播的海鲜疾病，每年影响数万人。 CFP 是由食用海鲜（主要是珊瑚礁）引起的鱼）被雪卡毒素污染。甘比尔毒素，（亚）热带地区产生的雪卡毒素的前体底栖甲藻属 Gambierdiscus，当食草动物和食腐动物进食时进入珊瑚礁食物网 Gambierdiscus 直接或间接通过吃大型藻类而产生。这些前体分子被转移到通过生物累积、生物转化和生物放大达到更高的营养水平，直到到达掠食性鱼类许多商业和休闲渔业的目标物种。当人们随后消费时受污染的鱼会接触到毒素，从而经历 CFP。历史上，CFP 曾爆发过与温暖的水温和珊瑚礁影响有关，预计这两者都会增加在气候变化的背景下。因此，预计 CFP 在地理和时间尺度上都会增加。例如，虽然 CFP 是加勒比海地区、佛罗里达群岛和南佛罗里达州的特有种，但 CFP 似乎正在向北扩张到墨西哥湾，最近在“花”中发现有毒鱼就凸显了这一点德克萨斯州/路易斯安那州海岸附近的花园海洋保护区。雪卡毒素是一种新型电压门控离子通道毒素。在神经组织中，雪卡毒素会导致河豚毒素敏感的钠离子渗透性增加和静息膜的去极化。根据去极化的程度，结果可能是神经元膜的兴奋性增加或传导的去极化类型高浓度时阻断。 CFP 的发病典型特征是胃肠道和神经系统疾病症状和体征通常持续数天至数周，包括呕吐、腹泻、恶心、腹痛、常见感觉迟钝、瘙痒、肌痛。雪卡的严重病例可能会导致低血压和心动过缓，但死亡情况很少见。有时，神经系统症状可能会持续几个月。值得注意的是，雪卡的诊断仍然在很大程度上取决于临床医生的敏锐度。在没有一个尽管经过确认性实验室检测，仍有相当大比例的病例未被确诊和报告。神秘的 CFP 事件的性质，加上缺乏对环境和生理的持续科学研究导致疫情暴发的因素阻碍了制定管理战略的进展保护人们免受雪卡毒素的侵害。因此，该项目的目的是建立一个更大的加勒比雪卡研究中心 1）研究气候变化可能在地理和气候变化中发挥的作用 CFP 暂时扩展到更温带的纬度； 2）加深对有毒物质的认识某些 Gambierdiscus 菌株产生的代谢物，以及随后的转移和生物转化这些化合物进入沿海/珊瑚礁食物网； 3）研究遗传毒性和对细胞代谢的影响因接触这些毒素而引起。