ALCOHOLISM RISK: PSYCHOBIOLOGICAL ALCOHOL EFFECTS IN MEN

酗酒风险：酒精对男性的心理生物学影响

• 批准号: 3111954
• 负责人: VICKI E POLLOCK
• 金额: $ 24.24万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-08-01 至 1994-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3111954
• 关键词: adult human (21+); alcoholism /alcohol abuse; alcoholism /alcohol abuse information system; belief; breath tests; caucasian American; cortisol; diagnostic tests; disease /disorder proneness /risk; dosage; electrical potential; encephalography; genetic markers; health behavior; human subject; male; personality; placebos; prolactin; psychobiology; psychomotor function; psychomotor reaction time; questionnaires; sign /symptom

Men with positive family histories of alcoholism constitute one group at high risk (HR) for developing alcoholism. The proposed research assesses the general hypotheses that psychological and physiological characteristics distinguish HR and control subjects while sober, and also after acute alcohol administration. Healthy, 18 to 26 year old, non-problem drinking caucasian males will serve as subjects. The HR group will be defined as men with at least one male biological relative evidencing symptoms indicative of alcoholism; matched controls will consist of men without family histories of alcoholism or other psychiatric disorder. All subjects will undergo a two phase screening process, with final selection based upon the results of structured DSM-III-R criteria. Using multiple measures in a double-blind, placebo-controlled experiment, each subject will undergo evaluation in four experimental sessions, during which either alcohol (0.5, 0.75, 1.0 ml/kg) or placebo is orally administered. Physiological and psychological measures are acquired prior to, and at multiple temporal points following beverage administrations. The design thus provides a basis for verifying that HR and control group differences are specifically attributable to alcohol, and for assessing specific dose effects. Physiological measures will consist of indices derived from the electroencephalogram; the auditory event related potential (elicited by an oddball paradigm, to permit P3 assessment); the pattern reversal visual evoked potential; serum prolactin; serum cortisol; and, breath alcohol level. Psychological measures will consist of subjective reports of intoxication, anxiety and somatic symptoms; observer-ratings of subjects; and, reaction time and visuomotor performance. Potential mediators of HR and control group differences elicited by alcohol administration can be evaluated on the basis of placebo session data, and on the basis of additional measures obtained while they are sober (personality; beliefs and expectations of alcohol effects; platelet monoamine oxidase activity). In summary, this is the first dose response study of alcohol effects in men at high risk for alcoholism to include such a broad array of physiological and psychological measures in a double blind, placebo-controlled, within- subject design. The design, by providing a basis for evaluating interaction between subject risk status, alcohol dosage, physiological markers, and psychological factors will contribute to knowledge about processes relevant to alcoholism and etiological theories concerning its development.

有酗酒的家庭历史积极的男人在 发展酒精中毒的高风险（HR）。 拟议的研究评估 一般假设心理和生理特征 清醒时区分人力资源和控制受试者 酒精管理。 健康，18至26岁的非问题，饮酒白人男性将服务 作为主题。 人力资源组将被定义为至少一个男性的男性 生物学相对证明的症状表明酒精中毒；匹配 控制措施将由没有酗酒的家庭历史或 其他精神疾病。 所有受试者都将经历两个阶段 筛选过程，最终选择的结果 结构化DSM-III-R标准。 在双盲，安慰剂对照实验中使用多个测量 每个主题将在四个实验会议中进行评估，期间 酒精（0.5、0.75、1.0 mL/kg）或安慰剂是口服的 管理。 生理和心理措施是在事先获得的 在饮料管理之后的多个时间点上。 因此，该设计为验证HR和对照组提供了基础 差异是特别归因于酒精的，并且用于评估 特定剂量效应。 生理措施将包括从 脑电图；听觉事件相关的潜力（由 奇数范式，以允许P3评估）；模式逆转视觉 诱发潜力；血清催乳素；血清皮质醇；而且，呼吸酒精 等级。 心理措施将包括 中毒，焦虑和躯体症状；受试者的观察者评估； 并且，反应时间和视觉运动性能。 人力资源的潜在介体 酒精给药引起的对照组差异可能是 根据安慰剂会话数据进行评估，并根据 在清醒时获得的其他措施（个性；信念和 对酒精影响的期望；血小板单胺氧化酶活性）。 总而言之，这是对男性酒精影响的第一个剂量反应研究 酒精中毒的风险很高，包括如此广泛的生理 以及双盲，安慰剂对照，内部的心理措施 主题设计。 设计，通过提供评估的基础 受试者风险状况，酒精剂量，生理学之间的相互作用 标记和心理因素将有助于了解 与酒精中毒和病因理论相关的过程 发展。