WOMEN'S STATUS AND FERTILITY

女性的地位和生育能力

• 批准号: 2378566
• 负责人: KAREN O MASON
• 金额: $ 9.07万
• 依托单位: EAST-WEST CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-03-15 至 2000-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2378566
• 关键词: age at pregnancy; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; education; emotional dependency; epidemiology; female; fertility; human data; human subject; male; marriage /marital status; self concept; social status; socioeconomics; spouse abuse; women's health

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from Investigator's Abstract): The overall aim of this project is to understand the status of women and how it affects their fertility. Both are critical to enhancing the health of women through improving their status and helping them to achieve a healthy fertility regime. Specific aims include understanding which aspects of women's autonomy/power (economic and social) influence their fertility goals and actual fertility; how these influences vary according to social setting; the precise pathways through which these influences occur (important for policy purposes); what determines the level or nature of women's autonomy and power, and whether the dimensions of power/autonomy and their interrelationships vary according to social context; whether proxies for women's power/autonomy used in past studies are valid; and whether power and autonomy can adequately be measured through survey interviews. These goals will be pursued through statistical analysis (supplemented by qualitative data) of two related datasets, the first a five-country comparative study that sampled countries and communities varying in gender traditions, and interviewed married women age 15-39 and their husbands, and, the second, a two- country extension using a similar design and interview schedules (both studies also collected community-level data and conducted focus group discussions of gender issues). The data from both studies have been computerized, cleaned, and subjected to preliminary analysis. In the proposed project, a variety of analyses will be conducted, most importantly: (a) comparative analysis of how social context (country & community) interacts with household traits (class, family type) and personal characteristics of women (age, education, employment, etc.) to influence different aspects of their autonomy and power (freedom of movement, personal control of economic resources, participation in economic and non-economic household decisions, task division of labor and responsibilities, interpersonal control of the wife through intimidation and domestic violence--interrelationships among these different dimensions will also be studied); and (b) comparative analysis of how context, household, and personal traits--most particularly, women's autonomy and power--interact to influence fertility and its proximate determinants (contraceptive knowledge and use, fertility desires, son preference, etc). The project will thus provide an empirical basis on which to understand how best to implement the recent call for women's empowerment as a population stabilization strategy.

描述（根据调查员的摘要进行了改编）： 该项目是要了解妇女的状况及其影响 他们的生育能力。 两者对于增强女性的健康至关重要 通过改善自己的地位并帮助他们实现健康 生育状态。 具体目的包括了解 妇女的自主权/权力（经济和社会）影响她们的生育 目标和实际生育能力； 这些影响如何根据 社交环境；这些影响的确切途径 发生（对于政策目的很重要）；是什么决定水平或 妇女自主权和权力的性质，以及是否尺寸 权力/自治及其相互关系根据社会而有所不同 语境;过去研究中使用的女性权力/自主权的代理人是否 有效；以及是否可以充分衡量权力和自主权 通过调查采访。 这些目标将通过 两个相关的统计分析（补充定性数据） 数据集，第一次进行的五国比较研究 国家和社区的性别传统各不相同，并接受了采访 已婚妇女15-39岁及其丈夫，第二个是两人 使用类似的设计和面试时间表的国家扩展（都 研究还收集了社区级数据并进行了焦点小组 讨论性别问题）。 两项研究的数据已经 计算机化，清洁并进行初步分析。 在拟议的项目中，将进行各种分析，大多数 重要的是：（a）对社会环境的比较分析（国家和 社区）与家庭特质（班级，家庭类型）和 妇女的个人特征（年龄，教育，就业等） 影响其自主权和权力的不同方面（自由 运动，个人控制经济资源，参与 经济和非经济家庭决定，劳动任务部 和责任，通过人际控制妻子 恐吓和家庭暴力 - 其中的间接关系 也将研究不同的维度）； （b）比较分析 关于背景，家庭和个人特质的方式，尤其是 妇女的自主权和权力 - 影响生育能力及 近端决定因素（避孕知识和使用，生育能力 欲望，儿子偏爱等）。 因此，该项目将提供一个 了解如何最好地实施最近的经验基础 呼吁赋予妇女权能作为人口稳定策略。