Cannabis use and risk of falling in older adults

老年人的大麻使用和跌倒风险

• 批准号: 9805312
• 负责人: Thorsten Rudroff
• 金额: $ 20.76万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-15 至 2021-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9805312
• 关键词: Adult; Age; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Area; Benefits and Risks; Brain; Cannabinoids; Cannabis; Cerebrum; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Cognition; Cognitive; Comorbidity; Data; Drug usage; Elderly; Evaluation; Event; Foundations; Gait; General Population; Glucose; Goals; Grant; Health Professional; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Incidence; Individual; Knowledge; Life; Link; Measures; Medical Marijuana; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Motor; Motor Skills; Movement; Multiple Sclerosis; Patients; Physiological; Positron-Emission Tomography; Prevalence; Prevention strategy; Process; Public Health; Reporting; Reproducibility; Research; Risk; Role; Self-Direction; Social Change; Testing; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; aged; chronic pain; cognitive function; fall risk; falls; fear of falling; fluorodeoxyglucose; fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography; frontal lobe; functional decline; functional disability; high risk; marijuana use; marijuana user; mild cognitive impairment; mortality; motor control; motor impairment; neural correlate; neuroregulation; relating to nervous system; uptake

PROJECT SUMMARY The prevalence of cannabis use has increased significantly in recent years among US adults aged ≥ 50 years. With increased availability and use of cannabis by older adults, a rigorous evaluation of the benefits and risks of cannabis use in these individuals is necessary. Aging is characterized by physiological and social changes that make older adults vulnerable to chronic disease and geriatric conditions including cognitive impairment and falls3. Unintentional falls are a common event for older adults and a major cause of morbidity and mortality linked with a decline in functional status and disability. Moreover, falls and cognitive impairment are a “well- known couple”; as older adults with moderate to severe cognitive impairment have a higher risk of falls, with an annual incidence of around 60–80%, which is twice the rate of cognitively normal older adults. Impaired cognitive function is an effect of cannabis use, and there is increasing evidence that those effects may persist later in life. Therefore, the physiological effects of chronic cannabis use may further increase falls in older adults via alterations in gait and cognition. Studies have shown reduced neural activity in the frontal brain networks and associations with increased fear of falling in older adults. It is also known that in regular cannabis users, the effects of cannabis may have an impact on cognitive-motor skills and brain mechanisms that modulate coordinated movement. The goal of this application is to investigate the neural correlates of fall risk and cognitive and motor function in individuals who initiate drug use after the age of 50. We will use FDG-PET to determine brain activity. Fall risk and cognitive/motor function will be assessed with the measures from the NIH Toolbox and a fall risk model. Our central hypothesis is that older chronic cannabis users are at a higher fall risk than older non-users, which is associated with reduced cerebral FDG uptake. This work will lay the foundation for larger grants (R01) investigating the influence of the compound action of different cannabinoids. These results are expected to provide critical and timely data to the public and health professionals regarding the effects of self-directed cannabis use on increased fall risk and if clinicians need to access cannabis use when determining fall risk and deciding prevention strategies.

项目概要 近年来，美国 50 岁以上成年人吸食大麻的比例显着上升。 随着老年人对大麻的获取和使用的增加，需要对大麻的益处和风险进行严格评估 对这些人使用大麻是必要的。衰老的特点是生理和社会变化。 使老年人容易患慢性病和老年病，包括损伤 意外跌倒是老年人的常见事件，也是发病和死亡的主要原因。 此外，跌倒和认知障碍与功能状态下降和残疾有关。 已知的夫妇”；因为患有中度至重度认知障碍的老年人跌倒的风险较高， 年发病率约为 60-80%，是认知功能障碍老年人发病率的两倍。 认知功能是大麻使用的影响，并且越来越多的证据表明这些影响可能持续存在 因此，长期吸食大麻的生理影响可能会进一步增加老年人跌倒的风险。 研究表明，成年人的额叶神经活动减少。 人们还知道，在普通大麻中，网络和协会与老年人对跌倒的恐惧增加有关。 用户，大麻的作用可能会对认知运动技能和大脑机制产生影响， 调节协调运动。 该应用程序的目标是研究跌倒风险与认知和运动功能的神经相关性 50 岁后开始吸毒的人。我们将使用 FDG-PET 来确定大脑活动。 认知/运动功能将使用 NIH 工具箱中的措施和跌倒风险模型进行评估。 我们的中心假设是，老年慢性大麻使用者比老年非使用者有更高的跌倒风险，这 与大脑 FDG 吸收减少有关，这项工作将为更大的资助奠定基础 (R01)。 研究不同大麻素的复合作用的影响预计这些结果。 向公众和卫生专业人员提供有关自我指导影响的关键和及时数据 大麻的使用会增加跌倒风险，以及在确定跌倒风险时扩音器是否需要访问大麻的使用情况以及 决定预防策略。