Understanding recovery from alcohol use disorder: Longitudinal observation of two voluntary temporary abstinence periods

了解酒精使用障碍的恢复：两个自愿临时戒酒期的纵向观察

• 批准号: 10740677
• 负责人: Dylan K Richards
• 金额: $ 18.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-15 至 2028-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10740677
• 关键词: Abstinence; Adult; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Area; Behavior; Behavioral Mechanisms; Costs and Benefits; DSM-V; Decision Making; Development; Disease remission; Disparate; Dryness; Ethnic Origin; Facebook; Goals; Grant; Heavy Drinking; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Literature; Longitudinal, observational study; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Motivation; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Participant; Patient Care; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Population; Postdoctoral Fellow; Principal Investigator; Process; Prospective Studies; Public Health; Publishing; Quality of life; Recovery; Research; Research Activity; Research Design; Research Personnel; Sampling; Self Determination; Self Direction; Self Efficacy; Sex Differences; Surveys; Symptoms; Testing; TikTok; Training; Training Activity; alcohol abstinence; alcohol free; alcohol use disorder; behavior change; behavioral economics; biopsychosocial; career development; clinical practice; cohort; craving; design; drinking; ethnic difference; ethnic diversity; follow up assessment; hazardous drinking; improved; innovation; novel; precision medicine; preference; prospective; psychologic; racial difference; racial diversity; recruit; reinforcer; sex; skills; sobriety; sustained recovery; theories; training opportunity

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Alcohol use disorder (AUD) in the U.S. is a significant public health concern. NIAAA recently proposed an operational definition of recovery from AUD to advance research in this area, including: 1) remission from DSM-5 AUD, 2) cessation from heavy drinking, and 3) improvements in biopsychosocial functioning and quality of life. Knowledge gained from studying recovery as operationally defined by NIAAA using novel methodological and theoretical approaches has great potential to inform clinical practice and improve patient care for those suffering from AUD. Most people who recover from AUD never receive treatment, and yet very little is known about the process of “natural” recovery in the absence of intervention. Voluntary temporary abstinence campaigns, such as “Dry January” and “Sober October,” are month-long periods of abstinence from alcohol that are increasing in popularity. As self-initiated change attempts for a defined period, these campaigns provide a unique means for studying natural AUD recovery. Longitudinal observational studies of voluntary temporary abstinence campaigns can be used to test theoretically informed predictors of recovery during and after participation in the campaign. The proposed study will test two disparate theories, self- determination theory and behavioral economic theory, both of which are novel theories of mechanisms underlying AUD recovery. Self-determination theory explains behavior change based on internalization of motivation, whereas behavioral economic theory explains behavior change based on benefits and costs of competing behaviors. Testing both theories will provide critically important information about how individuals may initiate (or not) and maintain (or not) self-directed changes in behavior during and following intended participation in a voluntary temporary abstinence campaign. Our objective in this proposal is to leverage two voluntary temporary abstinence campaigns to comprehensively investigate the tenets of self-determination theory and behavioral economic theory to better understand AUD recovery. We will recruit sex-balanced and racially/ethnically diverse online samples who meet criteria for past-year AUD, engaged in past-month hazardous drinking, and intend to participate in either Dry January (n = 125) or Sober October (n =125). Participants will complete a baseline assessment prior to participation in voluntary temporary abstinence and follow-up assessments 3, 6, and 12 months after. This innovative design will allow us to examine natural AUD recovery, as defined by NIAAA, in the context of voluntary temporary abstinence campaigns (Aim 1), and to test the processes of recovery described by self-determination theory (Aim 2) and behavioral economic theory (Aim 3). Exploratory analyses will ascertain differences in theoretical predictions and test sex and racial/ethnic differences for Aims 2 and 3. Each aspect of the research design and associated training goals were chosen deliberately to enhance the candidate’s training and facilitate the transition to independent alcohol researcher.

项目概要/摘要 酒精使用障碍 (AUD) 在美国是一个重大的公共卫生问题，NIAAA 最近提出了一项建议。 AUD 恢复的操作定义，以推进该领域的研究，包括： 1) 缓解 DSM-5 AUD，2) 停止酗酒，以及 3) 生物心理社会功能和质量的改善 NIAAA 使用小说研究恢复所获得的知识。 方法论和理论方法在指导临床实践和改善患者方面具有巨大的潜力 大多数 AUD 康复者从未接受过治疗，但也接受过治疗。 在没有自愿临时干预的情况下，人们对“自然”恢复的过程知之甚少。 禁欲运动，例如“干燥一月”和“清醒十月”，是为期一个月的禁欲期 随着在一定时期内自发的改变尝试，这些酒精越来越受欢迎。 活动为研究 AUD 自然恢复提供了一种独特的方法。 自愿临时禁欲运动可用于测试理论上的康复预测因素 拟议的研究将测试两种不同的理论：自我理论。 决定论和行为经济学理论，都是新颖的机制理论 基本的澳元复苏理论解释了基于内部化的行为变化。 动机，而行为经济学理论根据收益和成本解释行为变化 测试这两种理论将提供关于个体如何竞争的至关重要的信息。 可能会在预期期间和之后发起（或不）并维持（或不）自我导向的行为改变 参与自愿临时禁欲运动 我们此提案的目标是利用两个因素。 自愿临时禁欲运动，全面调查自决原则 理论和行为经济学理论，以更好地理解澳元复苏，我们将招募性别平衡和 种族/族裔多样化的在线样本，符合过去一年澳元的标准，过去一个月从事过哪些活动 有害饮酒，并打算参加“一月禁酒”(n = 125) 或“十月清醒”(n = 125)。 参与者将在参与自愿暂时禁欲之前完成基线评估 3、6 和 12 个月后的后续评估这种创新设计将使我们能够检查自然 AUD。 根据 NIAAA 的定义，在自愿临时禁欲运动（目标 1）的背景下实现康复，并 测试自我决定理论（目标 2）和行为经济理论描述的恢复过程 （目标 3）探索性分析将确定理论预测和测试性别和种族/民族的差异。 目标 2 和 3 的差异。选择了研究设计的每个方面和相关的培训目标 有意加强候选人的培训并促进向独立酒精研究员的过渡。