An Ecologically Valid Application of Self-Determination Theory to Understand Responsible Alcohol Use

自决理论在生态学上的有效应用，以理解负责任的饮酒

• 批准号: 10264866
• 负责人: Dylan K Richards
• 金额: $ 6.6万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10264866
• 关键词: Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Behavior; Behavioral; Cognitive; Competence; Data; Development; Ecological momentary assessment; Environment; Etiology; Future; Grant; Harm Reduction; Health Promotion; Human; Individual Differences; Intervention; Intoxication; Knowledge; Life; Maintenance; Mentors; Methods; Modeling; Motivation; Outcome; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Principal Investigator; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Research Activity; Research Design; Research Personnel; Sampling; Self Determination; Training; Training Activity; addiction; alcohol behavior; alcohol intervention; alcohol measurement; alcohol misuse; alcohol research; base; behavior change; biological sex; brief intervention; career; design; drinking; ethnic diversity; innovation; novel; post-doctoral training; pressure; psychologic; racial and ethnic; recruit; reduced alcohol use; research study; responsible alcohol use; satisfaction; sex; theories; training opportunity; university student; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY Alcohol misuse among young adults in the U.S. is a significant public health concern. Protective behavioral strategies (PBS) are cognitive-behavioral strategies used before, during, or immediately after drinking to reduce alcohol use, intoxication, and/or alcohol-related harms. Using PBS appears to be an effective means of harm-reduction, though PBS-based interventions are unlikely to have reached their full potential. While much is known about motivation for drinking, surprisingly little is known about motivation for engaging in PBS. Better understanding of motivation for PBS use can inform the development of novel interventions that motivate young adults to use such behaviors. Self-determination theory (SDT) is a general theory of human motivation that has been applied to understand a wide range of health-promoting behaviors, though its application to alcohol research has been limited. SDT proposes that there are different types of motivation that vary in the extent to which they are self-determined. For example, people may engage in a behavior because they feel pressured to do so (i.e., controlled motivation) or because they value the behavior (i.e., autonomous motivation). According to SDT, autonomous motivation is more likely to result in the initiation and maintenance of health-promoting behaviors than controlled motivation. Autonomous motivation is posited to be facilitated by environments that satisfy the basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Our objective in this proposal is to use an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) design to comprehensively investigate the tenets of SDT to better understand PBS use. Specifically, we will retain a racially/ethnically diverse, sex-balanced sample of college student (n = 90) and non-college attending young adult drinkers (n = 90) who are self-determined (n = 30/30; highest in autonomous motivation, lowest in amotivation), highly motivated (n = 30/30; high in both autonomous and controlled motivation), and low/amotivated (n = 30/30; relatively high on amotivation and low on both autonomous and controlled motivation) to use PBS to complete a 4-week EMA study. This innovative design will allow us to efficiently evaluate the tenets of SDT as applied to using PBS at both the within-subjects (Aim 1) and between-subjects level (Aim 2), clarifying novel targets for alcohol interventions that could result in sustained behavioral change. Each aspect of the research design was chosen deliberately to enhance the applicant’s training. Potential moderators of the within-subjects associations between SDT constructs and alcohol-related outcomes will be examined to help inform future intervention tailoring (Exploratory Aim).

项目概要 美国年轻人滥用酒精是一个重大的公共卫生问题。 策略（PBS）是在饮酒之前、期间或之后立即使用的认知行为策略 减少饮酒、中毒和/或与酒精相关的伤害 使用 PBS 似乎是一种有效的方法。 减少危害，尽管基于 PBS 的干预措施不太可能充分发挥其潜力。 令人惊讶的是，人们对饮酒的动机了解甚少，但对参与 PBS Better 的动机却知之甚少。 了解 PBS 使用的动机可以为开发新的干预措施提供信息，从而激励 自我决定理论（SDT）是人类动机的一般理论。 它已被应用于理解各种促进健康的行为，尽管它的应用 SDT 认为酒精的研究是有限的，不同类型的动机各不相同。 例如，人们可能因为感觉而做出某种行为。 被迫这样做（即受控动机）或因为他们重视这种行为（即自主 根据 SDT，自主动机更有可能导致启动和维持 促进健康的行为比受控动机更被认为是由自主动机促进的。 满足自主性、能力和关联性的基本心理需求的环境。 本提案的目标是使用生态瞬时评估（EMA）设计来全面评估 研究 SDT 的原则，以更好地了解 PBS 的使用，具体来说，我们将保留种族/民族的特征。 多样化、性别平衡的大学生样本 (n = 90) 和非大学就读的年轻成年饮酒者 (n = 90) 具有自我决定性（n = 30/30；自主动机最高，无动机最低），高度 积极性（n = 30/30；自主性和受控性动机均较高）和低/积极性（n = 30/30； 相对较高的无动力和较低的自主和受控动机）使用 PBS 来完成 为期 4 周的 EMA 研究将使我们能够有效评估 SDT 的原则。 在受试者内部（目标 1）和受试者间水平（目标 2）使用 PBS，阐明新的目标 研究设计的各个方面都可能导致持续的行为改变。 故意选择以加强申请人内部科目的培训。 将检查 SDT 结构与酒精相关结果之间的关联，以帮助为未来提供信息 干预定制（探索性目标）。