Universal basic income and structural racism in the US South: Differences in health service utilization between older African American men with and without experiences of recent incarceration

美国南部的全民基本收入和结构性种族主义：近期有或没有入狱经历的老年非裔美国男性在医疗服务利用方面的差异

• 批准号: 10622335
• 负责人: Brooke E.E. Montgomery
• 金额: $ 113.85万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF ARKANSAS FOR MED SCIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-05-14 至 2027-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10622335
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affect; African American; Aging; Area; Black Populations; Black race; Breathing; Capital; Caring; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Chronically Ill; Communities; Community Health; Complex; Correctional Institutions; Discrimination; Disease; Economic Policy; Economics; Education; Emotional; Empirical Research; Ensure; Epidemiology; Family; Financial Hardship; Generations; Geography; HIV; Health; Health Disparities Research; Health Policy; Health behavior; Healthcare Systems; Imprisonment; Income; Individual; Intervention; Justice; Literature; Low income; Marketing; Methods; Minority Groups; Outcome Study; Overdose; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Police; Policies; Poverty; Race; Racial Segregation; Recording of previous events; Recurrence; Research; Resources; Risk; Role; Structural Racism; Testing; Time; Trauma; United States; Wages; Writing; behavioral health; black men; design; efficacy study; experience; health care availability; health care service; health care service utilization; health difference; health service use; low socioeconomic status; male health; men; novel; physical conditioning; population health; protective factors; racial disparity; racial health disparity; recidivism; reincarceration; residence; segregation; social; transmission process; Accounting; Address; Affect; African American; Aging; Area; Black Populations; Black race; Breathing; Capital; Caring; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Chronically Ill; Communities; Community Health; Complex; Correctional Institutions; Discrimination; Disease; Economic Policy; Economics; Education; Emotional; Empirical Research; Ensure; Epidemiology; Family; Financial Hardship; Generations; Geography; HIV; Health; Health Disparities Research; Health Policy; Health behavior; Healthcare Systems; Imprisonment; Income; Individual; Intervention; Justice; Literature; Low income; Marketing; Methods; Minority Groups; Outcome Study; Overdose; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Police; Policies; Poverty; Race; Racial Segregation; Recording of previous events; Recurrence; Research; Resources; Risk; Role; Structural Racism; Testing; Time; Trauma; United States; Wages; Writing; behavioral health; black men; design; efficacy study; experience; health care availability; health care service; health care service utilization; health difference; health service use; low socioeconomic status; male health; men; novel; physical conditioning; population health; protective factors; racial disparity; racial health disparity; recidivism; reincarceration; residence; segregation; social; transmission process

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Structural racism and discrimination (SRD) are complex and drive racial inequities. SRD has sustained racial health disparities in the United States, driven disproportionate incarceration risk among Black men, and systematically restricted minority populations from health, wealth, and prosperity. As a result, diminished income earning ability for generations of Black people has led to economic devastation and poor health. Importantly, older and aging Black men continue to earn less than their White counterparts and the income gap is continuing to widen. Even when accounting for education, research has shown that the rising wage gap is attributable to workforce experience and opportunity, hiring and wage discrimination, and incarceration. Difficulty attaining prevailing wages among older Black men affects family stability, the ability for communities to thrive, and population health. Geography, place, and proximity to capital and markets are underlying drivers of health behavior and healthcare access. As a result, older and aging Black men in particular have demonstrated one of the strongest epidemiologic relationships between low socioeconomic status, residence in communities with endemic poverty, and chronic disease. The proposed Stage 3 efficacy study aims to test a novel intervention that directly reduces the racial income gap by providing a universal basic income (UBI). UBI is intended to promote and protect Black men's health through the influx of capital and subsequent increases in personal agency and social connections. We hypothesize that providing UBI of $500 per month for six months will result in increased healthcare utilization among chronically-ill, older and aging, low-income Black men. Secondarily, we hypothesize that the effect of UBI will depend on whether an individual has a recent history of incarceration, such that no incarceration history combined with UBI will demonstrate the best study outcomes. Empirical research examining UBI among older Black men and its capacity to overturn SRD are lacking in the extant literature. Much of the health disparities research intended to inform health and economic policy originated from limited perspectives of older and aging Black men. Dr. W.E.B. Du Bois said in The Souls of Black Folk that for Black people, “discouragement is an unwritten word”. This study draws on that inspiration as it ultimately seeks to fundamentally overturn the economic oppression and brutality that has defined the Black experience for generations.

项目摘要/摘要 结构性种族主义和歧视（SRD）是复杂的，并且推动了种族不平等。 SRD持续种族 美国的健康差异，驾驶黑人的不成比例事件风险， 系统地受到健康，财富和繁荣的限制。结果，减少了 几代黑人的收入赚钱能力导致经济破坏和健康状况不佳。 重要的是，年龄较大和老化的黑人的收入比白人同行的收入少于收入差距 正在继续扩大。即使考虑教育的情况，研究也表明工资差距的上升是 归因于劳动力经验和机会，雇用和工资歧视以及事件。 在年长的黑人中占用普遍钱包的困难会影响家庭稳定，这是社区的能力 蓬勃发展和人口健康。地理，地点和靠近资本和市场是驱动因素的基本驱动因素 健康行为和医疗保健访问。结果，尤其是年龄较大的黑人男性 证明了低社会经济地位，居住地之间的牢固流行病学关系之一 在患有内在贫困和慢性疾病的社区中。拟议的第3阶段有效研究旨在测试 通过提供普遍的基本收入（UBI）直接减少种族收入差距的新颖干预措施。 UBI 旨在通过资本的影响和随后的增加来促进和保护黑人的健康 个人代理和社会联系。我们假设提供六个月每月500美元的UBI 在慢性，年龄较大和衰老的低收入黑人男性中，将导致增加医疗保健利用。 其次，我们假设UBI的影响将取决于个人是否具有最近的历史 监禁，因此没有被监禁史与UBI相结合，将表现出最佳的研究结果。 在老年黑人中检查UBI及其推翻SRD的能力的实证研究缺乏 现存的文学。旨在为健康和经济政策提供信息的许多健康差异研究 起源于年龄较大和衰老的黑人的有限观点。 W.E.B.博士杜波伊斯在灵魂中说 黑人对黑人来说，“灰心是一个不成文的词”。这项研究借鉴了这一灵感 它最终试图从根本上推翻定义黑人的经济压迫和野蛮行为 几代人的经验。