The Effect of Social Influence on Effort-Cost Decision-Making in Schizophrenia: From Mechanisms to Real-World Associations

社会影响对精神分裂症努力成本决策的影响：从机制到现实世界关联

• 批准号: 10751286
• 负责人: Jaisal Taara Merchant
• 金额: $ 4.77万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-05 至 2025-07-04
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10751286
• 关键词: Agreement; Anhedonia; Anterior; Behavioral; Clinical assessments; Collection; Decision Making; Development; Disease; Ecological momentary assessment; Expenditure; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Influentials; Intervention; Laboratories; Life; Link; Literature; Measures; Methods; Motivation; Nature; Occupational; Participant; Performance; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Principal Investigator; Probability; Reporting; Reproducibility; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Resources; Rewards; Role; Schizophrenia; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Social Processes; Suggestion; Symptoms; System; Techniques; Time; Training; Ventral Striatum; Work; base; cingulate cortex; contextual factors; cost; design; functional disability; functional outcomes; high reward; interest; motivated behavior; motivational processes; multimodality; neural; neural circuit; neural correlate; neuroimaging; peer; peer influence; pleasure; response; social; social factors; social influence; social relationships; tool; training opportunity

PROJECT SUMMARY/ ABSTRACT Deficits in motivated behavior and effort-cost decision-making (ECDM) are core to schizophrenia and related disorders (SZ). ECDM paradigms show that SZ are less likely to use contextual information (e.g., reward magnitude and probability) to drive decisions about whether to exert high effort for rewards. As such, they are less likely to expend effort in situations when it would benefit them the most to do so. These motivational deficits have been closely linked to functional outcomes and their treatment remains ineffective, highlighting the need to examine factors that could enhance ECDM in SZ. Social influence (e.g., the presence of information about peer decisions) has been shown to drive ECDM in healthy individuals (HC), particularly in conditions of low reward or probability (when the other contextual factors may be less likely to independently do so). While there is very little literature examining the role of social influence on effort in SZ, there is some evidence that SZ may increase effort expenditure in response to social encouragement and that (unlike in HC) this may particularly be the case in conditions of high reward magnitude. Thus, social factors could enhance ECDM in SZ by increasing effort in the conditions in which it would be most beneficial to do so-- conditions in which SZ demonstrate the most impairments. Consistent with behavioral findings that SZ are less likely to use reward-related information to inform effortful decisions, they also may show reduced reward-related modulation in neural regions associated with effective ECDM: ventral striatum, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex. Interestingly, these regions overlap with those involved in response to peer information and social reward, raising the possibility that social information may modulate decisions about effort in SZ by activating neural systems that play a role in effective ECDM. Further, to understand whether and for whom these laboratory-based neural and behavioral markers of social influence on ECDM might lead to functional benefit in SZ, it is critical to examine how they relate to individual differences in real-world reports of social motivation. Thus, this proposal seeks to use a multimethod framework (e.g., behavioral task, fMRI, EMA) to examine whether social information modulates decisions about effort expenditure in SZ as it does in HC, the neural bases of these decisions, and real-world individual differences in social motivation that are associated with this relationship. Results from the proposed study could elucidate the nature of social and motivational impairments in SZ and inform intervention efforts to ameliorate these impairing deficits. The realization of this project will allow the applicant to receive training in: 1) neuroimaging techniques and analysis, 2) the link between social processes and motivated behavior in SZ, 3) EMA design, collection and analysis, 4) research rigor and reproducibility, and 5) professional development. This project will help the candidate accomplish her goal of becoming an independent principal investigator that uses multimodal approaches to investigate the mechanisms and real-world correlates of social and motivational impairments in SZ.

项目摘要/摘要 动机行为和努力成本决策（ECDM）的缺陷是精神分裂症和相关的核心 疾病（SZ）。 ECDM范式表明，SZ不太可能使用上下文信息（例如奖励 幅度和概率）提出有关是否付出巨大奖励的决策。因此，他们是 在这样做最大的情况下，在这种情况下消耗付出的可能性较小。这些动机赤字 与功能结果密切相关，其治疗仍然无效，强调了需要 检查可以增强SZ中ECDM的因素。社会影响力（例如，有关同伴的信息 已证明自己的决策可以推动健康个体（HC）的ECDM，尤其是在奖励低的条件下或 概率（当其他上下文因素可能独立这样做的可能性较小时）。虽然很少 研究了社会影响对SZ努力的作用的文献，有一些证据表明SZ可能会增加 响应社会鼓励的努力支出，并且（与HC不同）可能尤其如此 在高奖励幅度的条件下。因此，社会因素可以通过增加努力来增强SZ的ECDM 这样做最有益的条件 - SZ表现最多的条件 障碍。与行为的发现一致，即SZ不太可能将与奖励相关的信息用于 为努力的决定提供依据，他们还可能显示与奖励相关的调节减少 带有有效的ECDM：腹侧纹状体，腹侧前额叶皮层和前扣带回皮层。有趣的是， 这些地区与响应同伴信息和社会奖励的参与的地区重叠，提高了 社会信息可能会通过激活神经系统来调节有关SZ努力的决策的可能性 在有效的ECDM中发挥作用。此外，了解这些基于实验室的神经以及是谁 社会影响对ECDM的行为标记可能会导致SZ功能益处，至关重要 它们与现实世界中社会动机报告中的个体差异有关。因此，该提议试图 使用多方法框架（例如行为任务，fMRI，EMA）检查社交信息是否是否 调节有关SZ的努力支出的决定，就像在HC中所做的那样，这些决定的神经基础以及 与这种关系相关的社会动机上的现实世界差异。结果 拟议的研究可以阐明SZ中社会和动机障碍的性质，并为干预提供信息 改善这些障碍的努力。该项目的实现将使申请人接收 培训：1）神经影像学技术和分析，2）社会过程与动机之间的联系 SZ的行为，3）EMA设计，收集和分析，4）研究严格和可重复性，5）专业 发展。该项目将帮助候选人实现成为独立校长的目标 使用多模式方法研究社会机制和现实世界的研究者 和SZ的动机障碍。