The contribution of semantic bias to false memory in healthy aging

语义偏差对健康老龄化中错误记忆的贡献

• 批准号: 10749657
• 负责人: Isabelle Lorraine Moore
• 金额: $ 3.78万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-14 至 2025-08-13
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10749657
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Age; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Clinical; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Cues; Data; Dementia; Elderly; Episodic memory; Event; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Impaired cognition; Knowledge; Link; Longevity; Measures; Memory; Memory impairment; Mission; Perception; Population; Predisposition; Quality of life; Research; Retrieval; Semantic memory; Semantics; Testing; Time; amnestic mild cognitive impairment; cognitive change; episodic memory impairment; experience; experimental study; healthy aging; improved; indexing; insight; neural; neural patterning; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; semantic processing; spatiotemporal; young adult

Project Summary/Abstract Memory concerns are prevalent in healthy cognitive aging and are associated with lower quality of life. False memory – remembering events differently than how they happened – increases across the lifespan. Older adults also show a shift toward semantic memory – memory for concepts – and away from episodic memory – memory for events within a spatiotemporal context. However, it is unclear how the shift toward semantic memory con- tributes to increased false memory in older adults. An improved understanding of the mechanisms that give rise to false memories across the lifespan will be the first step toward alleviating memory concerns in healthy aging. Using a combination of behavioral and neuroimaging approaches, this proposal aims to directly link semantic bias to false memory in older adults. Experimental paradigms traditionally used to investigate false memory capi- talize upon semantic overlap between study items to produce robust false memory effects; however, experiences can also temporally overlap, or occur close together in time. Temporal overlap may differentially impact false memory across the lifespan. Young adults can leverage temporal information to support true memories, and preliminary data suggests that young adults can also utilize temporal information to reject false memories. How- ever, older adults may have greater difficulty utilizing temporal information and thus be more susceptible to falsely remembering. Therefore, identifying the relative contributions of semantic and episodic processing will improve understanding of false memory increases in older adults. This proposal tests the hypothesis that older adults' bias toward semantic processing modulates encoding mechanisms to promote false memory. To determine the extent to which semantic versus episodic processing contribute to false memory, young and older adults will complete a behavioral task in which temporal and semantic overlap between study items is manipulated, and then com- plete a test of false memory. To establish a link between older adults' semantic bias and neural representations of true and false memories, semantic overlap will be manipulated between study items and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) will be used to measure neural pattern similarity for true and false memories in young and older adults. The proposed research is directly in line with the mission of the NIA, as the results of this pro- posal will provide insight into memory impairments in healthy aging and serve as a first step towards ameliorating memory concerns to improve quality of life in older adulthood. Because healthy aging is characterized by subtle cognitive changes, it can be difficult to distinguish between cognitive declines due to typical aging and those due to amnestic mild cognitive impairments or Alzheimer's Disease. Thus, a more thorough understanding of how the mechanisms that give rise to false memories change in healthy aging will also provide a foundation for further disambiguation of healthy aging from dementia.

项目摘要/摘要 记忆问题在健康的认知衰老中普遍存在，并且与较低的生活质量有关。错误的 记忆 - 记住事件与发生方式不同 - 整个生命周期都会增加。老年人 还显示向语义记忆的转变 - 概念的记忆 - 远离情节记忆 - 记忆 对于时空上下文中的事件。但是，目前尚不清楚向语义记忆的转变如何结合 致敬老年人的虚假记忆力增加。对产生的机制有了改进的理解 在整个生命周期中，虚假的记忆将是减轻健康衰老中记忆问题的第一步。 该建议旨在直接链接语义，结合行为和神经影像学方法的结合 老年人对虚假记忆的偏见。传统上用来研究错误记忆的实验范例 - 研究项目之间的语义重叠，以产生强大的错误记忆效应；但是，经验 也可以暂时重叠，或者及时近距离发生。时间重叠可能会差异地影响错误 整个生命周期的记忆。年轻人可以利用临时信息来支持真实的回忆，并且 初步数据表明，年轻人还可以利用临时信息来拒绝虚假记忆。如何- 有史以来，老年人使用临时信息可能会有更大的困难，因此更容易受到虚假的影响 记住。因此，确定语义和情节处理的相对贡献将改善 了解老年人的虚假记忆增加。该提案检验了老年人偏见的假设 确定语义处理调节编码机制以促进错误记忆的程度。 语义与情节处理有助于虚假记忆，年轻人和老年人将完成 一个行为任务，在研究项目之间进行暂时和语义重叠，然后进行临时重叠，然后进行。 请测试错误的内存。在老年人的语义偏见和神经表示之间建立联系 在真实和虚假的记忆中，语义重叠将在研究项目和功能磁性之间操纵 共振成像（fMRI）将用于测量年轻记忆的神经元模式相似性 和老年人。拟议的研究直接符合NIA的使命，这是该研究的结果 Posal将洞悉健康衰老的记忆障碍，并作为改善的第一步 记忆问题以改善成年旧的生活质量。因为健康衰老的特征是微妙 认知变化，很难区分典型衰老和应得的认知能力下降 敏感的轻度认知障碍或阿尔茨海默氏病。那，对如何更彻底地了解 导致健康衰老的错误记忆变化的机制也将为进一步的基础 对痴呆症健康衰老的歧义。