Local labor market contexts and substance use in young and middle adulthood: Using agent-based modeling to guide substance use prevention strategies

当地劳动力市场环境和青壮年的物质使用：使用基于主体的模型来指导物质使用预防策略

• 批准号: 10740252
• 负责人: Sehun Oh
• 金额: $ 17.51万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2028-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10740252
• 关键词: Acceleration; Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Alcohols; Analgesics; Appalachian Region; Area; Award; Behavior; Categories; Characteristics; Cocaine; Collaborations; Communities; County; Crime; Data; Development; Development Plans; Disease; Disparate; Doctor of Philosophy; Drug Prescriptions; Drug usage; Economics; Employment; Employment Opportunities; Epidemic; Epidemiology; Etiology; Family; Feeling hopeless; Fentanyl; Frustration; Future; Geography; Goals; Health; Heroin; Illicit Drugs; Individual; Industry; Injury; Instruction; Intervention; Knowledge; Laws; Light; Link; Manuals; Marijuana; Marketing; Measures; Mediator; Mental disorders; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Methamphetamine; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; National Longitudinal Survey of Youth; Occupational; Occupations; Ohio; Opioid; Outcome; Overdose; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Policies; Policy Developments; Population; Positioning Attribute; Prevention; Prevention Research; Prevention strategy; Preventive; Probability; Public Health; Public Policy; Reporting; Research; Research Activity; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Role; Science; Series; Services; Shapes; Shock; Social Policies; Social Work; Structure; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; Supervision; Surveys; System; Testing; Time; Training; Training Activity; Training Programs; Translational Research; United States; Urban Community; Violence; Wages; Work; Workplace; behavioral health; career development; contextual factors; cost; design; disability; disability risk; experience; experimental study; geographic difference; healing; improved; local economy; manufacture; marijuana legalization; methamphetamine use; models and simulation; mortality; opioid use; overdose death; overdose risk; pandemic disease; physical conditioning; pill; polysubstance use; prescription monitoring program; research study; rural counties; skills; socioeconomics; statistics; substance use; substance use prevention; synthetic opioid; trend

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: This K01 Mentored Research Scientist Development Award will provide the candidate, Sehun Oh, PhD., with protected time and resources to facilitate his transition to research independence in substance use and prevention research. Although we have been observing disconcerting rates of substance-related problems, including overdose (OD) deaths, in communities with declining economic opportunities (especially in the Appalachian and Rust Belt areas), we do not have firm theoretical and empirical evidence to explain how local labor market contexts may affect substance use (SU) and development of substance use disorder (SUD) and OD as well as what effective policy interventions might reverse the trends. Building on his interdisciplinary background in economics, substance use epidemiology, and social policy, the candidate will engage in structured training and research activities to acquire substantive and methodological expertise to elucidate the role of local labor market contexts in SU/SUD/OD. Specifically, the proposed career development plan is designed to achieve three training goals: (1) deepening the candidate’s understanding of local economic contexts (especially the types and qualities of available jobs) as a key etiology of substance use problems and its socioeconomic, physical, and behavioral health mechanisms; (2) developing expertise in agent-based modeling and supporting methods (causal inference and spatial analysis) for local SU/SUD/OD projections; and (3) gain hands-on experiences in research translation and dissemination to inform prevention policy development. A series of training activities have been carefully designed, including coursework in epidemiology, public policy, developmental economics and social work; individualized instruction; mentored training; and research collaborations over five years. This training also will be achieved by conducting a minimum of three research studies that address the following aims: (1) elucidating the role of the local labor market (re)structuring in SU/SUD among individuals in young/middle adulthood, (2) developing agent-based models to make SU/SUD/OD projections in Ohio until 2030 and to conduct policy experiments to assess the preventive effects of employment and substance supply-related interventions. To address these aims, the candidate will integrate and analyze various administrative and survey data (related to local labor market contexts, SU/SUD/OD, and other environmental characteristics); test the effects of industry-specific job availability (and its changes) and socioeconomic/physical/behavioral health mediators on SU/SUD/OD; develop agent-based modeling to make robust projections in Ohio based on local labor market outlook; and conduct simulated experiments to assess the preventive impacts of employment- and substance supply-related policies using agent-based models. By the end of the award period, the candidate will be positioned as one of the few investigators in the United States with the requisite knowledge and skills to use systems science and simulation modeling to inform substance use prevention policies, especially for communities experiencing economic restructuring and/or contractions.

项目摘要/摘要： 这个K01指导的研究科学家发展奖将为候选人Sehun Oh，Phd。 保护时间和资源，以促进他过渡到研究物质使用和 预防研究。尽管我们一直在观察到与物质有关的问题的不安全率，但 包括过量（OD）死亡，在经济机会下降的社区中（尤其是在 阿巴拉契亚和锈带地区），我们没有坚定的理论和经验证据来解释如何本地 劳动力市场环境可能会影响物质使用（SU）和物质使用障碍（SUD）的发展和 OD以及哪些有效的政策干预措施可能会扭转趋势。建立跨学科 经济学，物质使用流行病学和社会政策的背景，候选人将参与结构化 培训和研究活动以获得实质性和方法论专业知识，以阐明当地的作用 SU/SUD/OD中的实验室市场环境。具体而言，拟议的职业发展计划旨在实现 三个培训目标：（1）加深候选人对当地经济环境的理解（尤其是 可用工作的类型和质量）是物质使用问题及其社会经济的关键病因 身体和行为健康机制； （2）在基于代理的建模和支持方面发展专业知识 本地SU/SUD/OD项目的方法（因果推理和空间分析）； （3）实践 研究翻译和传播的经验，以告知预防政策制定。一系列 培训活动已经过精心设计，包括流行病学，公共政策课程， 发展经济学和社会工作；个性化指导；指导培训；和研究 合作五年。这项培训也将通过至少进行三项研究来实现 解决以下目的的研究：（1）阐明当地劳动力市场（RE）在SU/SUD中的作用 （2）开发基于代理的模型以制造SU/SUD/OD 俄亥俄州的预测直到2030年，并进行政策实验以评估就业的预防作用 和与物质供应相关的干预措施。为了解决这些目标，候选人将整合和分析 各种行政和调查数据（与当地劳动力市场环境，SU/SUD/OD有关，其他 环境特征）；测试特定于行业的工作可用性（及其变化）和 SU/SUD/OD的社会经济/物理/行为健康调解人；基于开发代理的建模来制作 基于当地劳动力市场前景，俄亥俄州的强大项目；并进行模拟实验以评估 使用基于代理的模型，与就业和物质供应相关政策的预防作用。由 奖励期末，候选人将被定位为美国为数不多的调查员之一 凭借必要的知识和技能，用于使用系统科学和仿真建模来为物质使用提供信息 预防政策，尤其是对于经历经济修发和/或收缩的社区。