Characterizing Acute Exercise Response in Restrictive Eating Disorders

限制性饮食失调的急性运动反应特征

基本信息

批准号：
10739107
负责人：
Sasha Catherine Gorrell
金额：
$ 45.05万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-08-01 至 2025-07-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10739107
关键词：
Accelerometer Acute Address Adolescent Adolescent and Young Adult Aerobic Exercise Affect Affective Age Animals Anorexia Nervosa Anxiety Behavior Beverages Biological Biological Markers Body Image Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Calories Clinical Clinical Research Cognitive Data Diagnosis Distress Eating Eating Disorders Emotions Evaluation Exercise Exhibits Exposure to Female Food Future Human Hydrocortisone Impairment Individual Injury Interruption Intervention Learning Leptin Maintenance Measures Medical Mental disorders Methods Modeling Morbidity - disease rate Nature Neurotransmitters Outcome Outpatients Pathway interactions Patient Self-Report Play Population Prevalence Psychopathology Relapse Reporting Research Resistance Rest Rewards Risk Sampling Severities Shapes Site Symptoms System Testing Treatment Efficacy Treatment outcome Validation Variant Weight Weight maintenance regimen adolescent patient aged barrier to care biobehavior candidate marker circulating biomarkers comorbidity compulsion effective intervention exercise intensity exercise intervention experience improved in vivo insight moderate-to-vigorous physical activity mortality multimodality neurochemistry novel psychobiologic recruit relapse risk research and development response restrictive eating suicidal suicidal behavior suicidal risk therapy development

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Eating disorders (EDs) are among the deadliest of all psychiatric disorders. However, first-line treatments for EDs are effective for only roughly 40% of adolescent patients. One barrier to treatment efficacy is the persistence of driven exercise (DEx; exercising in a compulsive manner to control weight and/or regulate emotion), a hallmark symptom reported among many adolescents diagnosed with restrictive EDs (59-73%). Among other negative sequelae, DEx is associated with suicidal behavior, poorer treatment outcome, increased comorbid psychopathology, and risk for relapse. Further, while multiple eating-related tasks have been validated that discriminate between individuals with EDs and healthy populations, there are currently no well-validated tasks that directly assess sensitivity and responsivity to exercise in ED populations. As DEx is a poorly understood symptom that plays a key role in ED maintenance, investigating its biobehavioral underpinnings is of critical importance. Existing research points towards both reward and threat functions of exercise, which may drive and perpetuate DEx among those with EDs. Evaluation of both reward and threat functions of exercise among those with EDs will improve mechanistic understanding of this ED feature; ultimately, improved understanding of DEx will inform treatment targets. The proposed project will recruit adolescent and young adult females (16-22y) with (n = 67) and without (n = 33) EDs from two sites to participate in a comprehensive evaluation of acute exercise response. The current project will 1) characterize variability in biobehavioral response to in-lab exposure to moderate-intensity exercise among those with and without EDs; 2) create and refine tasks that capture engagement of reward- and threat-related systems during exercise; and 3) test hypotheses that acute exercise response is more pronounced among individuals with EDs and that acute exercise response relates to ED symptom severity, DEx, and free-living activity. Detailed explication of acute exercise effects among individuals with EDs in a controlled setting will have significant impact on the empirical study of EDs, specifically to (i) improve assessment of DEx risk and function (ii) elucidate a testable model of DEx risk and (iii) suggest targets for DEx intervention. The methods validated in this project will improve understanding of DEx, a treatment- resistant ED feature. These methods will also lay the groundwork for larger-scale, clinical research which clarifies optimal targets for DEx in ED treatment.

项目摘要饮食失调（EDS）是所有精神疾病中最致命的。但是，一线治疗 ED仅对大约40％的青春期患者有效。治疗功效的一个障碍是持久性驱动的运动（DEX；以强迫性的方式锻炼以控制体重和/或调节情绪），标志症状报道了许多被诊断为限制性ED的青少年（59-73％）。除其他负面后遗症，DEX与自杀行为，治疗结果较差，合并症增加有关心理病理学和复发风险。此外，虽然已经验证了多个与饮食有关的任务区分EDS和健康人群的人，目前尚无验证的任务直接评估ED人群中对运动的敏感性和反应性。因为dex是一个鲜为人知的在ED维护中起着关键作用，研究其生物行为基础的症状至关重要重要性。现有的研究指出了奖励和威胁锻炼功能，这可能会驱动和在具有EDS的人中持续dex。评估练习的奖励和威胁功能借助EDS将提高对该ED功能的机械理解；最终，对DEX的理解有所提高将告知治疗目标。拟议的项目将招募青少年和年轻的成年女性（16-22岁）（n = 67）且没有（n = 33）的ED，来自两个地点，参与急性锻炼的全面评估回复。当前项目将1）表征生物行为对LAB暴露于LAB的响应的可变性有和没有EDS的人中的中等强度锻炼； 2）创建和完善捕获的任务锻炼过程中与奖励和威胁相关的系统的参与； 3）测试急性运动的假设 EDS的个体中的反应更为明显，并且急性运动反应与ED有关症状严重程度，DEX和自由生活活动。详细说明个体急性运动效应在受控环境中EDS将对ED的实证研究产生重大影响，特别是对（i）改善对DEX风险和功能的评估（II）阐明了DEX风险的可测试模型，并且（III）表明目标用于DEX干预。该项目验证的方法将提高对DEX的理解，这是一种治疗方法 - 抗性ED功能。这些方法还将为大规模的临床研究奠定基础，以阐明 ED治疗中DEX的最佳目标。