Disasters, solar energy, and chronic disease management in aging Puerto Ricans

波多黎各老年人的灾害、太阳能和慢性病管理

• 批准号: 10632591
• 负责人: MARK B PADILLA
• 金额: $ 1.48万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-02-01 至 2026-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10632591
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Aging; Altruism; American; Applications Grants; Applied Research; Caribbean region; Categories; Characteristics; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Climate; Communities; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Disasters; Disease Management; Earthquakes; Electricity; Emotional; Energy-Generating Resources; Ethnography; Event; Face; Food; Fostering; Geography; Government Agencies; Happiness; Health; Homes for the Aged; Hurricane; Individual; Interruption; Interview; Island; Kidney Diseases; Knowledge; Local Government; Location; Mental Health; Mentors; Modeling; Movement; Natural Disasters; Patients; Policies; Policy Developments; Population; Postdoctoral Fellow; Process; Pueblo Race; Puerto Rican; Puerto Rico; Recording of previous events; Recovery; Research; Respiratory Disease; Restaurants; Role; Rural; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Series; Solar Energy; Structure; Surveys; Technology; Training; United States; Work; aging population; base; career; commune; community engagement; community organizations; doctoral student; experience; extreme weather; improved; member; multilevel analysis; population health; resilience; response; weather-related disaster

A. Project Abstract On September 2017 Hurricane María hit Puerto Rico (PR), a US territory populated by 3.2 million American citizens. The event reached PR as a category 4 hurricane and caused the longest electric power outage in US history. Two years later the electric grid was further damaged by a series of earthquakes in the southern part of the Island. Some communities still experience a complete lack of electricity, and most face frequent power outages. The implications of this interrupted access to electricity on the population’s health have gone unexplored in the Caribbean, where extreme events are expected to increase in intensity. Energy independence through direct access to solar power has begun to appear in PR through the work of community organizations. One model case is that of Casa Pueblo (CP), a non-profit community organization that has spearheaded the movement for energy independence on the Island. Located in the rural town of Adjuntas, CP has begun to provide solar panels to members in the communities. They have electrified essential locations in adjacent communities (e.g., small food markets, restaurants) and individual homes of elderly populations and those with energy-dependent chronic conditions – such as renal disease, respiratory disease, and diabetes – with the aim of improving CDM during the Island’s frequent power outages. In response to PAR-19-250 (Environmental Influences on Aging: Effects of Extreme Weather and Disaster Events on Aging Populations) we currently carrying out a project theoretically informed by a framework on disaster and climate-resilience approaches to health in order to explore the multilevel factors that enable local government agencies, communities, and individuals to adapt to energy independence in their settings, and thereby address their implications for CDM. These are the study’s current aims: Aim 1 – Through our partnership with CP, explore the process experienced by communities and the aging population (≥50 years) living with chronic diseases while adapting to energy independence (e.g., introduction of the technology, training on its use, access to energized communal points) in order to better understand how communal characteristics (e.g., collective identity, perceived individualism) can hinder or foster CDM among those with renal disease, respiratory disease, and diabetes. Aim 2 – Systematically document from a multilevel perspective (i.e., individual, community and structural) the perceived barriers and facilitators for adopting energy independence strategies in PR. Aim 3 – Document resilience related variables at the individual (e.g., self-efficacy, positive attitudes, knowledge, altruism), communal (e.g., emotional connection, group membership), and structural (i.e., power outages, geographical variables) levels that can foster effective CDM among aging populations in need of electricity-based treatments (i.e., renal disease, respiratory disease, diabetes). To achieve the proposed aims we will conduct a detailed ethnographic observation/mapping of CP, we will engage in a multilevel analysis of the community-based energy independence through 45 tiered in-depth semi-structured qualitative interviews with chronic disease patients ≥50 years with a range of access to CP’s solar installations, and qualitative interviews will be conducted with individuals engaged at the policy-, administrative- or technical-levels working within the field of sustainable energy and disaster recovery. In addition, we will administer a survey to a sample of 345 chronic disease patients in the town of Adjuntas who have direct, indirect and no access to independent energy sources. Our research will contribute to policy development and dissemination regarding the role of community engagement and energy independence in managing technology-dependent chronic diseases among aging populations in the United States and the Caribbean that are vulnerable to energy insecurity and natural disasters.

A.项目摘要 2017 年 9 月，飓风玛丽亚袭击了波多黎各 (PR)，这是一个人口稠密的美国领土 该事件已成为 4 级飓风，影响了 320 万美国公民。 两年后，美国历史上最长的一次停电进一步加剧。 该岛南部的一些社区因一系列地震而受损。 完全缺电，大多数人面临频繁停电的情况。 电力中断对人们健康的影响已经消失 加勒比海地区尚未开发，预计那里的极端事件强度将会增加。 通过直接获取太阳能实现的能源独立已开始出现在公关中 Casa Pueblo (CP) 是一个典型案例，它是一个社区组织的工作。 引领能源运动的非营利社区组织 CP 位于 Adjuntas 乡村小镇，已开始提供岛上的独立服务。 他们为社区成员提供了太阳能电池板。 邻近社区（例如小型食品市场、餐馆）和个别老人之家 人群和患有能量依赖型慢性病的人群——例如肾病、 呼吸系统疾病和糖尿病——旨在改善岛内频繁发生的 CDM 停电。 响应 PAR-19-250（环境对衰老的影响：极端的影响 天气和灾害事件对人口老龄化的影响）我们目前正在开展一个项目 从理论上讲，以灾害和气候抵御力方法框架为基础，以促进健康 为了探索使地方政府机构、社区和社区能够受益的多层次因素 个人适应其环境中的能源独立，从而解决他们的问题 对清洁发展机制的影响是该研究当前的目标： 目标 1 – 通过我们与 CP 的合作，探索 社区和患有慢性病的老龄化人口（≥50岁），同时适应 能源独立（例如，技术的引进、使用培训、获得 通电的公共点），以便更好地了解公共特征（例如， 集体认同、感知的个人主义）可以阻碍或促进肾病患者的 CDM 疾病、呼吸系统疾病和糖尿病。 目标 2 – 从多层次的角度（即个人、 社区和结构）采用能源的感知障碍和促进因素 公关中的独立策略。 目标 3 – 记录个人的复原力相关变量（例如自我效能、 积极的态度、知识、利他主义）、公共性（例如情感联系、群体 成员资格）和结构（即停电、地理变量）水平，可以促进 在需要电力治疗（即肾病治疗）的老年人群中进行有效的 CDM 病、呼吸系统疾病、糖尿病）。 为了实现拟议的目标，我们将进行详细的人种学调查 CP 的观察/绘图，我们将对基于社区的进行多层次分析 通过 45 次分层深入的半结构化定性访谈，了解能源独立性 年龄≥50岁且可使用 CP 太阳能装置的慢性病患者，以及 定性访谈将针对从事政策、行政或 此外，可持续能源和灾难恢复领域的技术水平。 我们将对 Adjuntas 镇的 345 名慢性病患者进行抽样调查 我们的研究将帮助那些无法直接、间接或无法获得独立能源的人。 促进有关社区作用的政策制定和传播 管理技术依赖型慢性病的参与度和能量独立性 美国和加勒比地区的老龄化人口对能源的脆弱性 不安全和自然灾害。